information of plant which acts against

1. Presented by
YOGESH R. DUTONDE
B. PHARM 7th Semester
Under guidance of
DR. D.B. SANGHAI
Asst. Professor
Dept. of Pharmacognosy
S G S P S Institute of Pharmacy, Akola
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2. CANCER
A term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide
without control. Cancer cells can invade nearby tissues
and can spread through the bloodstream and lymphatic
system to other parts of the body.
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3. Local Symptoms
Lung cancer (cough and pneumonia)
Esophageal cancer (narrow esophagus difficult to swallow)
Systemic symptoms
Unintentional weight loss, Fever, Excessively tired
SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
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4. CHARACTERISTICS OF CANCER
 Cancer is a dreadful disease and is the second major
cause of deaths after cardiovascular diseases.
 It is a growing public problem whose estimated
worldwide new incidence is about 6 million cases
per year.
 The incidence of various forms of cancer is now rapidly
rising world wide. 4

5. CAUSES OF CANCER
Environmental Factor 90-95%
(stress, physical and mental abuse, diet, exposure
to toxin, radiations)
Inherited Genetics 5-10%
Cancer death include
Tobacco(25-30%), Obesity(30-35%)
Infection(15-20%), Radiation(up to 10%)
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6. FORMS OF CANCER TREATMENTS
RADIATION
IMMUNOTHERAPY
CHEMOTHERAPY
SURGERY
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7. CURRENT PLANT BASED
THERAPIES FOR CANCER
1) VINCA
2) TAXUS
3) CAMPTOTHECA
4) PODOPHYLLUM
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9. 1) VINCA
Synonyms: Catharanthus, Periwinkle
B.S: Dried whole plant of Catharanthus roseous
Family: Apocynaceae
G.S: It is cultivated in South Africa, India, U.S.A,
Europe, Australia,
Chemical Constituents: Vincristin,Vinblastin, Ajmaline,
Serpentine.
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Anticancer Activity
Used for treating a variety of cancers including
 Leukemia
 Lymphomas
 Advanced testicular Cancer
 Breast and Lung Cancer.

11. 2) TAXUS
Synonyms: Yew, Himalaya Yew.
B.S: Dried leaves, bark, roots, of various species of
Taxus (Taxus brevifolia)
Family: Taxaceae
G.S: Found in India, Canada, America
Chemical Constituents:
Taxol, also Important Texane , Cephalomannine
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12. Anti Cancer Activity
 Taxol bring out the polymerization to microtubules
in absence of MAP or GTP.
 Due to this microtubules formation is much enhanced
which causes determination effect on dividing cell which
leads to blockaded of cell cycle
 Taxol inhibit cell migration thus preventing spread of
cancer cell
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13. Therapeutic Uses
In the treatment of
Breast cancer
 Ovarian cancer
 Lung cancer
 Prostate and colon
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14. 3 ) CAMPTOTHICA
Synonyms:- Cancer tree, Happy tree
B.S:- Dried stem wood of Camptothica acuminata
Family:- Cornaceae
G.S:- Distributed in China, Tibet
Chemical Constituents:-
Major Camtothecin, Minor Irinotecan,
Topotecan, 9-aminocamptothecin.
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15. Anti Cancer Activity
It is prototype DNA topoisomerase-I inhibitor.
It has shown a broad spectrum anti tumor activity.
In China it is used as Liver Cancer.
It is inhibit the replication of DNA virus such
Herpes virus, Adeno-virus, Liver Cancer,
Leukemia.
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16. 4) PODOPHYLLUM
Synonyms: Indian Podophyllum, May Apple
B.S: Dried Rhizome and Roots of Podophyllam
Hexandrum or
American Podophyllum consist of dried Rhizome of
Podophyllam Hexandrum Peltatum
Family: Berberidaceae
G.S: Forest Himalaya, Sikkim. U.P, H.P
Chemical constituents :
Podophyllin (Podophyllotoxin),
Peltatin present only in the America Podophyllum
Teniposide, Etoposide
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17. Used in the cancer treatment .
Etoposide: Cancer, leukemia's
Teniposide: Paediatric cancer, neuroblastoma
It is used as Purgative and Bitter Tonic
Therapeutic Uses
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REFERENCE
1. Text book of Pathophysiology by Dr. S.L Bodhankar,
Nirali Prakashan, Eighth Edition,2012
2. Text book of Pharmacognosy by S.B.Gokhale and
C.K.Kokate, Nirali Prakashan, Forty seventh
Edition 2012.
3. www.Google.com

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