This document defines and describes various camera shots and techniques used in filmmaking, including: - Extreme close-up shots used to show fine details of objects or people. - Close-up shots used to show facial expressions and emotions or for dialogue. - Mid-shots used to show body language, costumes, and identity. - Long shots used to show movement and location. - Extreme long shots or panoramic shots used primarily to establish location. - Establishing shots that introduce a new location or scene. - Point-of-view and over-the-shoulder shots used to relate the audience to a character's perspective. - Low and high

2. Extreme Close up
It’s normally used for showing
detail on a person or on an
object. For example, to show
a persons eye colour or the
colour of a lipstick on a
woman.
It also connotes an objects
importance and that it could
affect the storyline.

3. Close up
It’s normally used to show emotion
on a person or to show the facial
expressions. It is also used for
dialogue sometimes so the
audience know which character is
talking.

4. Mid-Shot
Its normally used to show body
language and the persons gestures,
it also shows the mise-en scene of
costumes, it also helps the audience
see the persons clothing and their
identity.

5. Long Shot
Its used to show movement,
therefore its an action shot.
It also allows us to show the
location.

6. Extreme Long-
Shot(Panoramic)
Its used to show
location.

7. Establishing Shot
It’s the first shot of a new scene, it
can be any type of shot but its
usually an Extreme Long-Shot to
show the location.
This shot establishes a new
location.

8. Point of View
It’s a shot from a character’s
point of view. It’s used to
create empathy for the
character and for the
audience to relate to that
character because they are in
their shoes.

9. Over the Shoulder
It’s used for the audience to
relate to the situation that the
character is in.

10. Low Angle
It’s used to make a person look big
and powerful. Its normally used on
males because it represents
dominance.

11. High Angle
It’s used to make a person look
smaller and less powerful. It’s also
used to make the person seem
vulnerable.

12. The camera stays still but
it rotates to follow the
action.

13. The cameraman is
pushed along a track to
follow the actor, usually
by a film student. The
camera follows the actor.

14. The camera stays in the same
place and follows the actor up
and down. It’s a vertical panning
shot. (e.g someone climbing a
ladder).

15. The camera moves up
and down following
the actor. It’s a vertical
tracking shot. It
involves a crane.

16. Using the optical zoom on
the camera whilst filming.
Zooming in-focuses
attention on something
Zooming out- reveals more
information
Its normally used in action.

18. •

19. •

20. one character is shown looking at another
character (often off-screen), and then the
other character is shown looking back at
the first character. Since the characters are
shown facing in opposite directions, the
viewer assumes that they are looking at
each other.