CAMBRIDGE IGCSE HISTORY: THE PEACE SETTLEMENT
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CAMBRIDGE IGCSE HISTORY: THE PEACE SETTLEMENT. It contains: the peace settlement, 3 main concerns, big three: France, Britain, USA, Wilson 14 points, giving peace a chance.
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CAMBRIDGE IGCSE HISTORY: THE PEACE SETTLEMENT
- 1. 3. TREATY OF VERSAILLES THE PEACE SETTLEMENT
- 2. THE PEACE SETTLEMENT WORLD WAR 1 lasted from 1914 till 1918. Fighting ended with the Armistice on November 11th 1918 The Allies (Britain, France and USA) won. They had to agree a PEACE TREATY with the losers, including Germany.
- 3. THERE WERE 3 MAIN CONCERNS 1. Millions of people were dead of injured. Countries like Belgium and France were devastated and the main powers had spent too much money on the war. 2. Many people wanted Germany to take all the BLAME, especially in Britain and France, so Germany and its allies were not allowed to take part in the talks. 3. Everyone wanted to make sure a war like this wouldn’t happen again, but they couldn’t agree on how to do this. The system of alliances had failed.
- 5. THE BIG THREE: FRANCE, BRITAIN, USA 1. All three countries had ideas about the settlement, and they often disagreed. 2. A compromise was reached – only some of their ideas became part of the settlement. 3. The key fact to remember is that the French had suffered badly, and the British had also suffered. This meant that they both wanted to punish the Germans. But people in the USA had suffered less, so they were less emotional and wanted to stay impartial.
- 7. WILSON’S SUGGESTED 14 POINTS President Wilson had come up with the Fourteen Points in January 1918 when the Germans were asking for a truce. Germany rejected them then, but when the fight ended they changed their minds and wanted to base the peace settlements on them. The Allies REFUSED them because the Germans had rejected them before. But the Fourteen Points were an important part of the Peace Process, especially Point 14 which called for a League of Nations to settle disputes. This was going to become very important between the two world wars.
- 9. GIVING PEACE A CHANCE Once the war was over, the winners started to argue about what should happen next. Don’t forget the reasons why Britain and France had DIFFERENT IDEAS from the USA.