DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 02. NAZI PARTY IDEOLOGY IN 1920
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DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 02. NAZI PARTY IDEOLOGY IN 1920.
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DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 02. NAZI PARTY IDEOLOGY IN 1920
- 1. DEPTH STUDY NAZI GERMANY NAZI PARTY IN 1920’s 02
- 2. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY
- 3. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY BEGINNINGS • TheGermanWorkersPartywastheforerunneroftheNaziParty. • Itwasfirstfoundedin 1919asastronglynationalistandanti-Semitic. • Thesecharacteristicswerethemain featuresduringthe1920’s. • TheearlyobjectivesoftheNaziPartywereannouncedinFebruary1920.
- 4. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY THE25-POINTNAZIPROGRAMME • TheunionofallGermans • ThedestructionoftheVersailles andSt.Germain treaties • Lebensraum,additionalterritory • German citizenshiptoGerman blood • Nomoreimmigration • Allcitizenswithequalrights andobligations • Nationalisationof publicindustries • Profit-sharing inheavyindustries • Improved welfare for elderly • Specialeducationtreatment forgifted students • Encouragementofsport activitiesforthe young • Formation ofastrong centralgovernment
- 5. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY GLOSSARY • Nationalisation–involvesthestatetakingovera privately-runfirm orindustrysothattheprofits canbedirectedintothenationaltreasury. Specifictocommunism too. • Profit-sharing –normallytheprofitsofafirmor companygototheownersorshareholders.With profit-sharing, anysurplusisoftendivided amongtheentireworkforce.
- 6. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY HITLERASALEADER • TheNazisbeganastheGermanWorkers’Party,ledbyAntonDrexler. • In1919Hitlerjoinedtheparty. • DrexlersoonrealisedthatHitlerhadagreatspeakingtalentandhedecided tousehimtoboostthepoliticalideasoftheparty. • The25PointProgrammewasannounced. • ThepartywasrenamedtheNationalSocialistGermanWorkers’Party,or Nazisforshort. • In1921 HitlerremovedDrexlerasleader. • Hewasenergetic,committedandaverygoodspeaker.
- 7. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY NAZISCAPEGOATS • Hitlerusedmanyscapegoatstostirthenationalistsentiment. • Inhisvision,thefollowingweretoblameforGermany’sproblems: - TheAllies - TheVersaillesTreaty - TheNovemberCriminals - TheCommunists - TheJews
- 8. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY THEMUNICHPUTSCH,NOVEMBER1923 • TheNazishopedtowinpowerthrough aviolent overthrowoftheWeimarRepublic. • MussolinihadcometopowerinItalyin1922 througha demonstrationofforce. • HitlerplannedtheMunich(BeerHall)Putschwhilethe hyperinflationwasstillraging.
- 9. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY
- 10. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY
- 11. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY THEMUNICHPUTSCH,NOVEMBER1923cont. • TheMunichPutschwasahumiliatingdefeatfortheNazisandHitlerwastrialled andimprisoned. • Thepartywasbanned. • TheeventgaveHitlerpublicityandnationalcoverageinthenewspapers. • ThefailureoftheputschconvincedHitlerthathis tacticshadbeenwrong. • Hedecidedtoachievepowerbyconstitutionalmeans,throughdemocratic elections. • Thatmeanstodevelopandexpandtheorganisationof theNaziParty,contesting seatsatgeneralelectionsandbuildingupapowerbaseintheReichstag.
- 12. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY HITLERATHISTRIAL “Ialonebeartheresponsibility,butIamnotacriminalbecauseofthat… Thereisnosuchthingashightreasonagainstthetraitorsof1918… IfeelmyselfthebestofGermanswhowantedthebestfortheGermanpeople.”
- 13. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY
- 14. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY MEINKAMPF • Sentencedto5yearsimprisonment, Hitlerservedonly 9months inLandsbergCastle. • Hemadeuseofhistimebywriting MeinKampf(My Struggle),which isamixtureofautobiographyand politicalbeliefs. • ItemphasisedthesuperiorityoftheGerman(Aryan) race,thedangersofcommunism, andGermany’s destinyasthedominant stateinEurope. • Thebookbecameabest-sellerandHitlersold5million copies,givingHitleramuchneededincome.
- 15. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY HITLER,WRITINGWHILEINPRISONIN1923 “WhenIresumeactivework,itwillbenecessarytopursueanewpolicy.Instead ofworkingtoachievepowerbyarmedconspiracyweshallhavetotakeboldof ournosesandentertheReichstagagainsttheCatholicandMarxistdeputies.If out-votingthemtakeslongerthanout-shootingthem,atleasttheresultswillbe guaranteedbytheirownconstitution.Anylawfulprocessisslow.Soonerorlater weshallhaveamajorityandafterthatweshallhaveGermany.”
- 16. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY NAZIKEYSTONES • NazipolicieschangedfewtimesduringtheWeimarRepublic. • Twokeystonesprinciplesofnationalismandanti-Semitismremainedbutthe otherprinciplesweresomehow changedtoachievepopularity. • Propagandawasintensifiedthroughposters,pamphlets,slogans,promoting importantissuesfortheiraudience. • NEXTSLIDEVIDEO DecadesafterthefalloftheThirdReich,itfeelsimpossibletounderstandhowAdolfHitler, thetyrantwhoorchestratedoneofthelargestgenocidesinhumanhistory,couldeverhave risentopowerinademocraticcountry.Sohowdidithappen,andcouldithappenagain?
- 17. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY
- 18. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY NAZISANDPARTYMEMBERSHIP • Itwasacaseoffindingpotentialsupportersanddevicesuitablepoliciesfor them. • Hitler’sprincipalconcernwastoachievepower,nomatterthepriceand promise. • Emphasiswasplacedonexpanding partymembership, which increasedfrom 3000toover100,000. • Hitleralsowantedtoimprove theprofessionalismoftheapparatus(theparty machinery).
- 19. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY NAZISANDPROPAGANDA • Partyactivistsweretrainedinpublicspeaking. • Propagandamethodswererefinedand improved. • By1929, theNaziPartywaswellpreparedto takeadvantageofanychangeincircumstances thatmight favourtheircause. • TheWallStreetCrashandtheworlddepression providedtheperfectopportunity.
- 20. CAMBRIDGE IGCSE – DEPTH STUDY: GERMANY HITLER’SVIEWS • NationalSocialism–loyaltytoGermany,racialpurity,equalityandstatecontrolof theeconomy. • Racism– theAryansweretheMasterRace.AllotherracesandespeciallytheJews wereinferior. • ArmedForce–Hitlerbelievedthatwarandstrugglewereanessentialpartofthe developmentofahealthyAryanrace. • LivingSpace(Lebensraum)–Germanyneededtoexpandasitspeoplewere hemmedin. ThisexpansionwouldbemainlyattheexpenseofRussiaandPoland. • TheFuhrer–Debateanddemocraticdiscussionproducedweakness.Strengthlay intotalloyaltytotheleader(theFuhrer).