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WWII in Europe: The Policy of Appeasement

Chapter 4.1 discusses the outbreak of WWII in Europe, focusing on the significance of Hitler's expansionist policy versus the policy of appeasement. It outlines the key events and reasons for Hitler's expansion, as well as the motivations behind Britain and France's appeasement approach, including fear of war and misjudgment of Hitler. The chapter prompts readers to evaluate whether the appeasement policy was a logical strategy or an act of cowardice.

Education◦
CHAPTER 4.1 Outbreak of WWII in Europe
Primary Objective Among the factors leading to the outbreak of WWII in Europe, which is more significant: Hitler’s expansionist policy or the policy of appeasement?
Agenda 1. Recap Hitler’s expansionist policy 2. Intro to Appeasement policy
Recall  What are some of Hitler’s aims?  What are the events leading up to the outbreak of WWII? (from 1933-1939)
Expansionist policy 1. 1933-34 Rearmament & Conscription 2. 1936 Remilitarization of Rhineland 3. 1937 Spanish Civil War 4. 1938 Annex of Austria – Creation of ‘Anschluss’ 5. 1938 Munich Agreement & Sudetenland 6. 1938 Invasion of Czechoslovakia 7. 1939 Nazi-Soviet Non Aggression Pact 8. 1939 Invasion of Poland
Think about it! Hitler’s actions are clearly going against TOV but what did Britain and France do to handle the situation?
Appeasement Policy  What does it mean?  What does it mean to Germany?  What does it mean to Britain and France?
Watch  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MnSwGQxo7G E  Answer the guiding questions in the worksheet.
Know the definition! Appeasement describes a policy where negotiations and concessions are made to avoid war.
Know the main characters!
Appeasement policy 6 Reasons 3 Examples
Reasons for appeasement policy 1. Fear of another war 2. Weakness of LON 3. Buying time to rearm 4. Genuine sympathy for Germany over TOV 5. Chamberlain’s misjudgement of Hitler 6. Fear of communism
1. Fear of another war B + F suffered greatly from WWI and Great Dep -> militarily not prepared -> people are against war -> still traumatized over WWI 2. Weakness of LON Main aim to achieve peace -> proves the league to be a failure -> adopted their own solution -> appeasement Reasons for appeasement policy
3. Buying time to rearm B + F needed time to rebuild their army, economy, confidence -> due to WWI ->not ready for war so appease Hitler in the time being -> cowardly act? 4. Genuine sympathy for Germany B felt sympathetic over the unfairness of TOV -> Chamberlain willing to give Germans self- determination -> Hitler becomes bolder Reasons for appeasement policy
5. Chamberlain’s misjudgment of Hitler C thought it is all about un-doing TOV -> underestimated H’s promises -> Munich agreement + invasion of Czech AND Poland -> wake-up call for C -> is it too late now to say sorry? 6. Fear of Communism B + F sees Germany as a potential ally against Communism -> this threat was prioritized more than Hitler’s invasion and breaking of promises Reasons for appeasement policy
Think about it! Look at the reasons why Britain appeased Hitler. Choose 1 reason and write down why this might have led Chamberlain to feel that he needed to give way to Hitler’s demands? (3mins)
What can we infer about Hitler’s actions?
What does the source says about Britain and France? The writing says: ‘Why should we take a stand about someone pushing someone else when its all so far away?’ Created by the British cartoonist; David Low in 1938
Examples of appeasement 1. Anglo-German Naval Agreement 2. Lack of action against Hitler’s aggression 3. ***Munich Agreement
1. Anglo-German Naval Agreement Starting point of appeasement -> creates a new agreement which overwrites the TOV -> response to conscription and rearmament -> appeasing Hitler -> why? 2. Lack of action against Hitler’s aggression Withdrawal from LON + remilitarise Rhineland + Anschluss + Invasion of Czechoslovakia -> snowball into Hitler becoming more daring as B & F did nothing Examples of appeasement
What is Chamberlain trying to do?
3. ***Munich Agreement Concerning an area that H wants in order to establish a Greater Germany -> Sudetenland is largely Germans + influence of Nazi Party -> H willing to fight for Sudetenland -> H signed the agreement with F, B, I w/o USSR and Czechoslovakia in Oct 1938 -> H invaded the whole of Czechoslovakia in March 1939! -> B + F feared for H invading Poland. Examples of appeasement
Your thoughts…. Was the policy of appeasement cowardly or logical? (5 mins) 1. Write down on the colored paper provided and fold it before putting it in the box. 2. The best 5 writings will receive something.