REVISION IGCSE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY: TREATY OF BREST-LITOVSK.

1. TREATY OF
BREAST-LITOVSK
IGCSE HISTORY
REVISION

2. DEFINITION
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed in 1918 and it is a peace agreement
between Russia and Germany that ended Russian involvement in the
First World War.

3. Question 1
Why did Russia seek peace with
Germany in late 1917?

4. Answer 1
The first World War was a disaster for Russia; the Bolsheviks seized
power in 1917 and Lenin wanted peace at any price.

5. Question 2
Was the treaty harsh on the Russians?

6. Answer 2
Very harsh. Russia lost 74% of its iron ore and coal, 26% of its railways,
26% of its population and 27% of its farmland.
Germany also demanded a war indemnity of 300 million roubles.

7. Question 3
Did the treaty affect Russia’s relationship
with its wartime allies?

8. Answer 3
Yes. After the Bolsheviks withdrew from the war, Britain and America
sent supplies and men to help the anti-Bolsheviks White Russians
(Mensheviks) in the Russian Civil War.

9. Question 4
This treaty is not included in the
normal after war treaties. What else
do you need to know??

10. Answer 4
The roots of the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the West can
be traced to the aftermath of the treaty.

11. Important
Germany’s treatment of Russia is seen as a clear indication of how it
would have dealt with a defeated France and Britain.