Business process reengineering (BPR) was introduced in the 1990s to fundamentally rethink and redesign business processes. It aims to make radical improvements by eliminating non-value adding activities, integrating information systems, and optimizing end-to-end processes. BPR focuses on outcomes rather than tasks and seeks to dramatically reduce costs and improve customer service. A typical BPR process involves preparing for change, analyzing the existing process, designing an improved process, implementing changes, and continuously monitoring results. When successfully implemented, BPR can lead to significant reductions in time, costs and improvements in quality.
During the growth of a competitive global environment, there is considerable pressure on most organisations to make their operational, tactical, and strategic process more efficient and effective.
An information system (IS) is a group of components which can increase the competitiveness and gain better information for decision making. Consequently, many organisations decide to implement IS in order to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of their organisations
Information systems have become a major function area of business administration. The systems, nowadays, plays a vital role in the e-business and e-commerce operations, enterprise collaboration and management, and strategic success of the business
Corporate level strategies are basically about the choice of direction that a firm adopts in order to achieve its objectives.
Corporate strategy is essentially a blueprint for the growth of the firm.
The corporate strategy sets the overall direction for the organization to follow.
It also spells out the extent, pace and timing of the firm’s growth.
corporate governance and role in strategic managementzeba khan
describes the concept of corporate governance along with need and benefits of corporate governance. highlights the role and importance of corporate governance in strategic management.
During the growth of a competitive global environment, there is considerable pressure on most organisations to make their operational, tactical, and strategic process more efficient and effective.
An information system (IS) is a group of components which can increase the competitiveness and gain better information for decision making. Consequently, many organisations decide to implement IS in order to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of their organisations
Information systems have become a major function area of business administration. The systems, nowadays, plays a vital role in the e-business and e-commerce operations, enterprise collaboration and management, and strategic success of the business
Corporate level strategies are basically about the choice of direction that a firm adopts in order to achieve its objectives.
Corporate strategy is essentially a blueprint for the growth of the firm.
The corporate strategy sets the overall direction for the organization to follow.
It also spells out the extent, pace and timing of the firm’s growth.
corporate governance and role in strategic managementzeba khan
describes the concept of corporate governance along with need and benefits of corporate governance. highlights the role and importance of corporate governance in strategic management.
Business Process Re-Engineering by ADITI WALIAAditi Walia
For the first time ever, this presentation on BPR has a wide coverage of so many topics regarding BPR, it includes not only definition + issues affecting BPR + about core processes of business + history about BPR + General Model + Role of IT in BPR + its objectives + Outcomes as well as problems related to BPR in a very simple and fluent manner along with interactive diagrams and figures so as to aid even the naive or first time reader.
(BPR) is basically rethinking and radically redesigning an organization's existing resources to achieve dramatic improvements in critical, contemporary measures of performance, such as cost, quality, service, and speed.
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Lean manufacturing or lean production, often simply "lean", is a systematic method for waste minimization ("Muda") within a manufacturing system without sacrificing productivity.
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[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
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Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
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A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
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Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
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Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
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Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
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Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
2. History
Introduced in the late Micheal Hammer’s 1990 Harvard
Business Review article.
Promoted by Hammer and James Champy published book
Reengineering the corporation.
By the mid-1990s, BPR became popular as a justification for
downsizing.
The next new methodology, after BPR is Enterprise Resource
Planning.
3. Meaning
Business process reengineering (BPR) is the
analysis and redesign of workflows within and
between enterprises in order to optimize end-to-end
processes and automate non-value-added tasks.
4. Business Process Reengineering(BPR)
Business Process: “A business process is a
collection of activities which together produces
some value to the customer”
Reengineering: Reengineering is fundamental
rethinking and radical redesign.
5. Objective/Purpose of BPR
BPR focuses on processes and not on tasks, jobs or
people BPR advocates that enterprises re-examines from
basics aims at total re-invention not small improvements.
Example:
“Hewlett Packard’s assembly time for server computers
reduces to low-4 minutes”
6. Seven Reengineering Principles
1. Organize around outcomes, not tasks.
2. Identify all the processes in an organization and prioritize them in order of
redesign urgency.
3. Integrate information processing work into the real work that produces the
information.
4. Treat geographically dispersed resources as though they were centralized.
5. Link parallel activities in the workflow instead of just integrating their results.
6. Put the decision point where the work is performed, and build control into the
process.
7. Capture information once and at the source.
8. Step 1: Prepare for Reengineering
There must be significant need for the process to be reengineered.
Identifying the customer driven objectives, the mission and vision
statement is formulated
Step2: Map & Analyse As-Is process
Understand the existing process and its shortfalls and improvement
areas of redesign.
Activity and process models are documented.
Then, the amount and cost of each activity is calculated.
Step3: Design To-Be process
The objective of this phase is to produce one or more alternatives to
the current situation that satisfies strategic goals of the enterprise.
9. Step4: Implement Reengineering Process
Using prototype and simulation method plans are designed and
demonstrated.
Training programs for the workers are initiated and the plan is
executed in full scale
Step5: Improving the reengineering process continuously
The progress of action is measured on change acceptance in broader
perspective of the organisation, how well the employee are informed
and their commitments
Monitoring the results measures employee attitude, customer
perception, supplier responsiveness etc.,
10. Benefits of Reengineering
Eliminates waste, and obsolete or inefficient process
Significant reduction in cost and time
Revolutionary improvements in many business
processes as measured by quality and customer service
Increasing the competency of both top and low level
companies
11. BPR Management Technique Focused
• Customer focus-Customer service oriented processes
aiming to eliminate customer complaints.
• Speed-Dramatic compression of the time it takes to
complete a task for key business processes.
• Flexibility- Adaptive processes and structures to
changing conditions and competition.
• Quality-Obsession with the superior service and value
to the customers.
• Innovation-Leadership through imaginative change
providing to organization competitive advantage.
• Productivity-Improve drastically effectiveness and
efficiency.
12. APPLICATION
• Many public and private sector organizations and SMEs
Word-wide had undergone major reengineering
efforts.
• The technique was applied first to multinational
cooperation's, such as IBM, SONY, GENERAL ELECTRIC,
WALL MART, HEWLLET PACKARD, KRAFT FOODS having
as a result major downsizing in their organizational
structures
• Later, the banking sector began to reengineer with a
great degree of success such as CITIBANK ,
NORTHWESTERN BANK, BANK OF AMERICA and others.
• Major utility companies used reengineering as a
technique to improve service like OTE.
13. • This technique was becoming well known to the business
sector
• Today most SMEs are investigating the re-engineering
technique and a lot of them are applying re-engineering.
• Most of the times re-engineering is applied as a "must" when
innovative IT tools are introduced to SMEs. Tools such as SAP,
BAAN and various ERP systems that promote the horizontal
organizational structure.
14. Types of firms / Organizations that BPR can be
Applied
• BRP could by implemented to all firms (manufacturing firms, retailers,
services, etc.) and public organizations that satisfy the following criteria:
• Strong management commitment to new ways of working and
innovation.
• Well formed IT infrastructure
Business Process Reengineering could be applied to companies that confront
problems such as the following:
• High operational costs
• Low quality offered to customers
• High level of ''bottleneck" processes at pick seasons
• Poor performance of middle level managers
• Inappropriate distribution of resources and jobs in order to achieve
maximum performance, etc.
15. Duration and Implementation cost of BPR
Duration
• The BPR technique, in general, is not a time consuming
process. The duration of each BPR project varies from 6 -to 10
months. This variation relates to the kind of business and the
extend to which BPR is going to be implemented.
• For instance, BPR HELLAS, using the RE-engineering
Methodology Oriented towards Rapid Adaptation proposes
the following time schedule.
16. Implementation Cost
• The cost of a BPR for projects applied to SMEs
for selective processes varies depending on
the complexity of the business environment
and the number of processes
18. Trigger For Ford’s AP Re-Engeeniring
• Mazda only uses 1/5 personnel to do the
same Accounts payable .(Ford:500; Mazda:5)
• When goods arrive at the loading dock at
Mazda:
-Use bar-code reader is used the loading dock
at Mazda.
- Inventory data are updated.
-Send electronic payment to the supplier.
20. Ford Accounts Payable
Before
• More than 500 accounts payable clerks matched
purchase order, receiving documents and invoices
and then issued payment.
• It was slow and burdensome.
• Mismatches were common.
After
• The new process cuts head count in AP by 75%.
• Invoices are eliminated.
• Matching is computerized.
• Accuracy is improved.
21. How can you Re-Engineer your own
Business Process
• Assemble a re-engineering team representing
each unit in the process and those that
depend on it.
• Make sure that they analyze and scrutinize the
process until they understand what it’s trying
to accomplish.
• Determine which of the steps do not add value
to the process and think of new ways to
achieve the results.
• If may not be obvious question everything.