This document discusses the potential benefits of digital game-based learning (GBL) and some of the obstacles to its adoption. It notes that GBL may help develop skills like collaboration, problem-solving, critical thinking and digital literacy. However, obstacles include issues like cost, tools, and a lack of evidence about its impact. The document outlines support from organizations and advocates, and recommends applying what is known about GBL through faculty development and integrating games into courses. It emphasizes that games work for learning because of similar principles like motivation, feedback, practice and engagement.

1.
Must
Play
to
Learn:
Can
Digital
Game-­‐Based
Learning
Help
Us
Unlock
Op#mal
Learning
Outcomes?
March
7,
2012
Barbara
Truman
Director,
Course
Development
Learning
Systems
&
Technologies
Center
for
Distributed
Learning

2. GAME-­‐BASED
LIFESTYLES
Ò Learner
Ò Instructor
Ò Researcher
Ò InsRtuRon
Ò Local
industry
Licensed under Creative Commons by Lars Ploughmann
http://www.flickr.com/photos/criminalintent/200915795/sizes/z/in/photostream
Ò NaRonal
compeRRveness
Ò Global
ciRzenry
Ò IntergalacRc
peace

3. HORIZON
PROJECT
RETREAT
METATRENDS
Ò People
expect
to
work,
learn,
socialize,
and
play
whenever
and
wherever
they
want
to.
Ò Openness
—
concepts
like
open
content,
open
data,
and
open
resources,
along
with
noRons
of
transparency
and
easy
access
to
data
and
informaRon
—
is
moving
from
a
trend
to
a
value
for
much
of
the
world.
http://retreat.wiki.nmc.org
January 24-26, 2012, Austin, TX

4. HORIZON
PROJECT
RETREAT
METATRENDS
Ò The
Internet
is
constantly
challenging
us
to
rethink
learning
and
educaRon,
while
refining
our
noRon
of
literacy.
Ò There
is
a
rise
in
informal
learning
as
individual
needs
are
redefining
schools,
universiRes,
and
training.
New Media Consortium
http://www.nmc.org
Licensed under a Creative Commons License by Cyprien
http://www.flickr.com/photos/cyprien/6797807361

5. OBSTACLES
TO
OVERCOME
Ò Cost
Ò Time
Ò Leadership
Ò Tools
Ò Business
case
Ò Evidence
of
impact
Ò PercepRon
of
games,
gamers
Ò PercepRon
of
replacing
teachers

6. BENEFITS
OF
GBL
Ò Skills
for
research
Ò CollaboraRon
Ò Problem
solving
Minecraft
Photo and castle by Ian Turgeon, Learning Systems & Technology
Ò Leadership
Center for Distributed Learning, University of Central Florida
http://www.minecraft.net
Ò CriRcal
thinking
Ò Digital
literacy
Ò Media-­‐making
http://primerlabs.com/codehero

7. TRANSFORMATIVE
Ò Research
Ò Crowd
sourced
Ò CollaboraRve

8. PRESSURES
ON
HIGHER
EDUCATION
Ò Funding
Ò CompeRRon
Ò Degree
compleRon
Ò AlternaRve
credenRaling
Ò Accountability
Ò Student
expectaRons
http://collegeproductivity.org

9. ALTERNATIVE
CREDENTIALING
http://www.cael.org
http://www.learningoutcomeassessment.org/
National Institute for Learning Outcomes Assessment. (2011). Transparency Framework. Urbana, IL:
University of Illinois and Indiana University, National Institute for Learning Outcomes Assessment
(NILOA). Retrieved from: http://www.learningoutcomeassessment.org/TransparencyFramework.htm

10. LUMINA
FOUNDATION
DEGREE
PROFILE
http://caylormarketing.donet.com/profile_defined
VIDEO: http://www.luminafoundation.org/newsroom/topics/what_is_a_degree_profile.html

11. BADGES
Informal learning credentialing
Competition and rewards for
engagement - gamification

12. GAME
LAYER
Institutional example
http://www.rit.edu/news/story.php?id=48416

13. PUBLISHERS,
4PROFITS,
TECH
GIANTS,
FUNDERS
Ò Pearson
Ò Development
EducaRon
Ò McGraw
Hill
IniRaRve
Ò Kaplan
Ò Complete
College
America
Ò University
of
Phoenix
Ò Ge_ng
Past
Go
Guess who used this Zombie campaign to raise awareness?

14. INTERSECTING
INDUSTRIES

15. LEARNING
James Paul Gee, Arizona State
Literacy, Rhetoric, Discourse
Video PBS Interview
http://video.pbs.org/video/1767377460/
36 Learning Principles:
http://mason.gmu.edu/~lsmithg/jamespaulgee2
Bryan Alexander- NITLE- 2009 New Media Consortium Presentation:
http://wp.nmc.org/proceedings2009/papers/computer-games-liberal-arts-world

16. BEYOND
GAMIFICATION-­‐
KEY
ADVOCATES
Marc Prensky & Richard Van Eck
University of North Dakota
http://net.educause.edu/eli061
ELI Annual Meeting 2006 San Diego
Constance Steinkuehler
UWisconsin, Madison
Sr. Policy Analyst
Office of Science and
Technology Policy, Executive
Office of the President
Chris Dede, Harvard http://www.brookings.edu/events/2011/1208_mobile_technology.aspx
2009: Wisdom http://www.brookings.edu/papers/2011/1208_mobile_broadband_west.aspx

17. 7
GRAND
CHALLENGES
OF
EDUCATION
Ò Roadmap
for
EducaRonal
Technology
É Personalizing
EducaRon
É Assessing
Student
Learning
É SupporRng
Social
Learning
É Diminishing
Boundaries
É Developing
AlternaRve
Teaching
Methods
É Addressing
Policy
Change
http://www.cra.org/ccc/learningtech.php

18. ROADMAP’S
RECOMMENDATIONS
Ò User
modeling
Ò Mobile
tools
Ò Networking
tools
Beverly
Woolf
Ò Serious
games
Ò Intelligent
environments
Ò EducaRonal
data
mining
Next Generation Learning
Challenges Wave I Grant
Math Fundamentals Tutor called
Ò Rich
interfaces
Wayang to Improve College
Readiness and Completion

19. OUR
GBL
CHALLENGE
Applying
what
we
know
about
game-­‐based
learning:
collaboraRve
self-­‐interest
faculty
empowerment
(DIY)
faculty
development
(supported)
Photo from NIMH
course-­‐game
integraRon
course-­‐game
development
broader-­‐game
development
massive-­‐game
development
Kim Hager, UCLA

20. IT
IS
ABOUT
LEARNING!
Games
work
for
the
same
reasons
Game
Techniques
that
learning
works
Mo7va7on
Flow
Feedback
Feedback
Curtiss Murphy
Good Games
Prac7ce
Simplicity
By Design
Sr. Product Engineer
Posi7ve
Feelings
Choice/involvement
Alion Science and
Technology
Intensity
Immersion
&
Choice/involvement
Engagement
Prac7ce
Fun
Why Games Work and the Science of Learning
I/ITSEC 2011Tutorial http://www.goodgamesbydesign.com

21. INSTITUTIONAL
EXAMPLE
University of Wisconsin, Madison
Games, Learning and Society Conference http://www.glsconference.org/2012
Advanced Distributed Learning Co-Lab http://www.academiccolab.org

22. INSTITUTIONAL
EXAMPLES-­‐
GAMING
Boise State University
3D Game Lab, Lisa Dawkins
Faculty Development
http://3dgamelab.org
Penn State’s Gaming Commons, Chris Stubbs http://gaming.psu.edu

23. ADVANCED
DISTRIBUTED
LEARNING
(ADL)
• US
DoD
Joint
ADL
Co-­‐
Lab,
UCF
Research
Park
• Focus
on
Next
GeneraRon
Learner
• Standards
of
Technologies
• Reusability
• Interoperability
• Project
Tin
Can
for
scenario
development
hep://adlnet.org
http://research.adlnet.gov/newsletter/academic/201103.htm

24. SERIOUS
GAMES
Serious Games Showcase and Challenge
http://sgschallenge.com/
Games for Change http://sgschallenge.com/
EnerCities Game: http://www.enercities.eu

25. TM
• Psychology online (virtual) labs
• Solves business problem –
inadequate lab space
• Drives scientific inquiry within
undergraduate education
http://engage.ucf.edu/v/p/mtycUPG
Produced
and
supported
by
CDL’s
Learning
Systems
&
Technology
Group

26. LEARNING
REGISTRY
- Community
- Amplified
- Distributed
- Learning
- Resources
Joint Initiative
http://learningregistry.org

27. BE
YOUR
OWN
HERO
March 15-17, 2012
http://www.vwbpe.org
http://vwmooc.wordpress.com

28. GET
THEE
AN
AVATAR
Open Simulation
Free access and land
for research and
development
http://fvwc.army.mil/moses
http://www.gametechconference.com
March 28-30, 2012 Free access via Second Life

29. ARG
–
MOOC
LIKE
Intellagirl
Sarah Robbins
Launched in Feb 2012
Rich narrative, puzzles,
humor, intrigue,
characters
http://manuscriptmystery.blogspot.com

30. THANK
YOU
Barbara.Truman@ucf.edu
Twieer:
barbaratruman
Facebook
and
LinkedIn:
Barbara
Truman
Skype
and
Flickr:
Btruwoman
Second
Life:
Delighkul
Doowangle
Research
Blog:
hep://barbaratruman.blogspot.com
Personal
Blog:
hep://barbaratruman.com
hep://online.ucf.edu

31. KEY
REFERENCES
Web Links
Horizon Report http://wp.nmc.org/horizon2011/sections/game-based-learning/
Bryan Alexander- NITLE- 2009 New Media Consortium Presentation:
http://wp.nmc.org/proceedings2009/papers/computer-games-liberal-arts-world
Lumina Foundation Degree Profile Video: http://www.luminafoundation.org/newsroom/topics/what_is_a_degree_profile.html
UCF Psychology Virtual Lab Research-Game Project http://engage.ucf.edu/v/p/mtycUPG
National Center for Simulation http://www.simulationinformation.com/
Team Orlando http://www.teamorlando.org/
College Productivity http://collegeproductivity.org
Council for Adult and Experiential Learning http://www.cael.org
National Institute for Learning Outcomes Assessment http://www.learningoutcomeassessment.org/
Gallup Organization Strengths-Based Development http://www.gallup.com/consulting/61/strengths-development.aspx
A Roadmap for Education Technology http://www.cra.org/ccc/learningtech.php
Next Generation Learning Challenges Wave I Grant: Math Fundamentals Tutor, Wayang, to Improve College Readiness and Completion
http://nextgenlearning.org/the-grants/wave-I-winners#43
Alternate Reality Game (ARG) video from Jason Rosenblum: http://vimeo.com/22688990
Alternate Reality Game Vimeo: ARG: http://vimeo.com/22688990
Entertainment Software Association: http://www.theesa.com/facts/index.asp
Centers for Disease Control Zombie Apocalypse: http://blogs.cdc.gov/publichealthmatters/2011/05/preparedness-101-zombie-apocalypse/
Serious Games Institute (UK) http://www.seriousgamesinstitute.co.uk/
National STEM Video Game Challenge: http://www.stemchallenge.org/
Sandia Labs – Adaptive Training – Elaine Raybourn http://www.sandia.gov/adaptive-training-systems/
Praise for World of Warcraft http://www.economist.com/blogs/babbage/2010/09/praise_video_games
Kaufman Foundation - Want to Truly Scale a Learning Program? Try Gaming. http://www.kauffman.org/education/try-gaming.aspx
James Paul Gee’s Gaming Learning Principles: http://mason.gmu.edu/~lsmithg/jamespaulgee2
James Gee Video PBS Interview: http://video.pbs.org/video/1767377460/
SuperSleuths – Intelligence Training - http://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2011/11/iarpa-video-games
MacArthur Competition on Digital Badges: http://www.macfound.org/site/c.lkLXJ8MQKrH/b.4196225/apps/s/content.asp?ct=11221065
STEM Ethics Game-HP Catalyst-Sloan Video Larysa Nadolny http://www.drnadolny.com/confjuly2011.html
ARIS Open Source Mobile Platform: http://arisgames.org/
Games, Learning, and Society Blog: http://www.gameslearningsociety.org/
Adademic Co-Lab –Advanced Distributed Learning Initiative (ADL) http://www.academiccolab.org/home
Serious Game – Enercities http://www.enercities.eu/
Serious Games Showcase and Challenge: (Turn Down Speakers!) http://sgschallenge.com/
IITSEC Conference, Orlando, FL http://www.iitsec.org
Games for Change: http://gamesforchange.org

32. KEY
REFERENCES
(CONTINUED)
Resource
Examples:
Boise
State
University
-­‐
3DGame
Lab:
hep://3dgamelab.org
Penn
State
University
EducaRonal
Gaming
Commons:
hep://gaming.psu.edu/
Online
Games
on
Demand:
hep://www.onlive.com/#5
Advanced
Distributed
Learning
Newsleeer
on
Video
Games
March
2011:
hep://research.adlnet.gov/newsleeer/academic/201103.htm
Center
for
Edupunx
hep://center4edupunx.com/
SimulaRon
and
Serious
Games-­‐
Lyr
Lobo
hep://www.slideshare.net/lyrlobo/simulaRons-­‐and-­‐educaRonal-­‐games
Serious
Game
with
Deep
Down
Mine
hep://www.deepdownfilm.org/index.php?opRon=com_content&view=arRcle&id=151&Itemid=130
Purdue
Games
InsRtute
hep://social.educaRon.purdue.edu/game/
Texas
Games
SIGGS
hep://www.texasgames.net/istesiggs/course/view.php?id=35
Ar7cles
Do
Serious
Games
Work?
hep://elearnmag.acm.org/featured.cfm?aid=1661378
Murphy,
C.
(2011)
Non-­‐published
manuscript.
Why
Games
Work
and
the
Science
of
Learning.
hep://www.goodgamesbydesign.com/?p=59
Books
Bransford,
J.,
Brown,
A.
L.,
Cocking,
R.
R.,
&
NaRonal
Research
Council
(U.S.).
(1999).
How
people
learn:
Brain,
mind,
experience,
and
school.
Washington,
D.C:
NaRonal
Academy
Press.
Gee,
J.
P.
(2004).
What
video
games
have
to
teach
us
about
learning
and
literacy.
New
York:
Palgrave
Macmillan.
Gee,
J.
P.,
&
Hayes,
E.
(2010).
Women
and
gaming:
The
Sims
and
21st
century
learning.
New
York:
Palgrave
Macmillan.
Senge,
P.
M.
(1999).
The
dance
of
change:
The
challenges
of
sustaining
momentum
in
learning
organiza#ons.
New
York:
Currency/Doubleday.
Woolf,
B.
P.
(2009).
Building
intelligent
interac#ve
tutors:
Student-­‐centered
strategies
for
revolu#onizing
e-­‐learning.
Amsterdam:
Morgan
Kaufmann
Publishers/Elsevier.
UCF
Gaming
and
Simula7on
Web
sites:
UCF
InsRtute
for
SimulaRon
and
Training
hep://www.ist.ucf.edu/
UCF
IST
METIL
hep://www.meRllab.com/
UCF
Retro
Lab
hep://ucfretrolab.org/
UCF
Center
for
Research
and
EducaRon
in
Arts,
Technology,
and
Entertainment
hep://create.cah.ucf.edu/
UCF
Florida
InteracRve
Entertainment
Academy
hep://www.fiea.ucf.edu
UCF
School
of
Visual
Arts
and
Design
hep://svad.cah.ucf.edu