The document is a presentation on breaker training focusing on 11 kV and 33 kV breakers, their workings, and various relay setting tools. It details the principles of operation for different types of breakers, including SF6 and vacuum technologies, and addresses issues related to motor and capacitor switching. Key features such as durability, environmental protection, and maintenance aspects of the breakers are also discussed.

1. PRESENTATION
ON BREAKER

2. TRANING ON
 11 KV BREAKER WITH PANEL
 33 KV INDOOR BREAKER WITH PANEL
 33 KV OUTDOOR BREAKER
 RELAY SETTING TOOLS
 SHORT VISIT ON RMU

3. HOW BREAKER WORKS?
A mechanical device capable of making, carrying and breaking currents
under normal conditions as well as under specified abnormal
conditions such as those of short circuit.
Fault Occurs
Relay
• Senses &
Relay Contact
Closes
Circuit Breaker
• Trip Coil Energises
• Operating Mechanism Starts
• Contacts Separate
• Arcing between Contacts
• Arc Extinguishes
• Circuit Breaker Fully Opens Fault Cleared

4. BREAKER INTERUPTING

5. Interrupting media
– Oil
– Air Break
– Air Blast
– Vacuum
– SF6 Puffer
– SF6 Self Blast

6. Dielectric Property Of Various Media
10
Electrode spacing [mm]
20 30
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
-- SF6 (5 Bar)
Vacuum
Oil
-- SF6(1 Bar)
Air(1 Bar)
Disruptivelighteningimpulsevoltage[kV]

7. Dielectric Recovery Property Of Various Media
101
0
20
40
100 1000
SF6
10000
60
80
Vacuum
N2
H2
Time [micro-seconds]
Dielectricrecoveryvoltage[kV]

8. Interruption Principle
PUFFER TYPE:
 Involves compression of gas between a static piston and a moveable
cylinder during interruption action.
 Compressed gas is blown through nozzle in which arc is burning.
SELF EXTINGUISHING TYPE:
 Heat/ionization effect of arc causes gas pressure to increase in sealed arc
chambers.
 Over pressure causes turbulence in gas and forces it out as soon as nozzle
starts to open.
 This phenomena has strong effect on arc, making it thinner,
cooling, interrupting and providing rapid dielectric recovery

9. Puffer principle

10. Vacuum Interrupter
1 Stem / Terminal
2 Twist protection
3 Bellows
4 Interrupter lid
5 Shield
6 Ceramic insulator
7 Shield
8 Contacts
9 Terminal
10 Interrupter lid

11. Interruption Principles
SPIRAL CONTACTS
* To prevent overheating and contact
erosion, the arc is kept rotating
*The special geometry of the spiral
contacts generates a radial magnetic
field in all the areas of the arc column

12. Motor Switching with VCB
 ARC EXTINCTION AT CURRENT ZERO IS NOT POSSIBLE.
 (MIN +/-5A FOR ALL MANUFACTURERS)
 CURRENT CHOPPING IS IN EVITABLE FOR INDUCTIVE
LOADS
 I.E.SPECIFICALLY MOTORS WITH LOW LOAD
CURRENTS(e.g.NO LOAD)
 MOTOR HARMONICS GIVES RISE TO VIRTUAL CURRENT
CHOPPING
Better solution with SF6 CB

13. Capacitor Switching with VCB
 CAPACITOR SWITCHING AT LOWER CURRENT IS DIFFICULT WITH VCB
BECAUSE…..
 GAP BETWEEN MOVING CONTACT AND FIXED CONTACT IS VERY LESS
(8-10MM APPROX).CONTACT SPEED IS ALSO LOW (1M/S.APPROX)
 AT LOWER CAPACITTIVE CURRENTS, ARC EXTENGUISHES EARLY
WITH HIGH RESTRIKING VOLTAGE (VOLTAGE OF CAP IN ADDITION)
ACROSS CONTACTS WITH A GAP OF 2MM APPROX.
Result
 Multiple restrikes hinders smooth switching of capacitors
and capacitor as well as VCB contacts may damage
Better solution with SF6 CB

14. SF6 & VACUUM SWITCHING TECHNOLOGIES

SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKER VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKER
 SF6 GAS PRESSURE MONITORING VACUUM CAN NOT BE MONITORED.
POSSIBLE.
 FALL IN PRESSURE CAN BE ANNUNCIATED. LOSS OF VACUUM WILL BE KNOWN WITH
 CB FAILURE.
 CAN INTERRUPT RATED CURRENT EVEN HAS TO BE TAKEN OUT FOR
 AFTER GAS PRESSURE FALLS DOWN TO REPLACEMENT OF POLES.
 ATMOSPHEREIC PRESSURE.
 GOOD ELECTRICAL ENDURANCE. GOOD ELECTRICAL ENDURANCE.
 INTERRUPTING CHAMBERS CAN BE INTERRUPTERS TO BE REPLACED (COST OF
 MAINTAINED. REPLACEMENT 40% OF CB ).
 SF6 BREAKER IS RUGGED. SENSETIVE TO ROUGH HANDLING.
 WELL SUITED TO MOTOR DUTY OPERATIONS RELATIVEY INFERIOR FOR MOTOR
 OVER VOLTAGE UNDER 2.5P.U. SWITCHING. SURGE PROTECTION ESSENTIA

15. WHAT IS IPXX

17. 11 KV BREAKER (HHV-12)
Contacts protected against
oxidation and contamination
 Vacuum interrupter embedded
in the resin poles
 Vacuum interrupter protected
against shocks, dust and
humidity
 Ensured operation under
different climatic conditions
 Limited switching energy
 High number of operations
 Operating mechanism with high
reliability

18. HHV-12 CUBICLE CROSS SECTIONAL DWG

19. EARTHING SWITCH

20. Outdoor Vacuum Circuit Breaker OFVP 36
 10000 operations at no load.
 10000 operations at rated current.
 Wide range of power supply
voltages of the electrical
accessories.
 Mechanical anti-pumping device to
prevent re-closing due to both
electrical and mechanical controls.
 Uses Hermetically sealed
interrupters.
 Cabinet mounted on Hot-Dip
Galvanised steel structure.
 Option to extend structure for
instrument transformers.

21. IMPROVE OUR BREAKER
 DOOR
INTERLOCK

22. ALWAYS THINK !!!!!!!!
 RIGHT POSITION

23. THANK YOU