George Brayton designed the first continuous combustion engine, known as the Brayton engine, in the 1860s. The Brayton engine introduced the Brayton cycle of continuous combustion that became the basis for gas turbine development. A Brayton-type engine consists of an air compressor, mixing chamber, and expander. The Brayton cycle uses four thermodynamic processes - two constant pressure and two reversible adiabatic processes - and is now used in gas turbines where compression and expansion occur via rotating machinery.
A gas turbine, also called a combustion turbine, is a type of internal combustion engine. It has an upstream rotating compressor coupled toa downstream turbine, and a combustion chamber in-between. Energy is added to the gas stream in the combustor, where fuel is mixed with air and ignited. In the high-pressure environment of the combustor, combustion of the fuel increases the temperature. The products of the combustion are forced into the turbine section
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in this presentation , the different engine inefficiencies has been discussed including all sort of friction losses which affects the brake power of the engine. It includes volumetric efficiency, thermal efficiency, IMEP, BMEP, brake power etc.
Theoretical cycle based on the actual properties of the cylinder contents is called the fuel air cycle.
The fuel air cycle takes into consideration the following.
The ACTUAL COMPOSITION of the cylinder contents.
The VARIATION OF SPECIFIC HEAT of the gases in the cylinder.
The DISSOCIATION EFFECT.
The VARIATION IN THE NUMBER OF MOLES present in the cylinder as the pressure and temperature change
This presentation was prepared by Mechanical Engineering students during their Internal Combustion Course. Students belong to a very prestigious Engineering institute of Pakistan "University of Engineering and Technology Lahore"
A gas turbine, also called a combustion turbine, is a type of internal combustion engine. It has an upstream rotating compressor coupled toa downstream turbine, and a combustion chamber in-between. Energy is added to the gas stream in the combustor, where fuel is mixed with air and ignited. In the high-pressure environment of the combustor, combustion of the fuel increases the temperature. The products of the combustion are forced into the turbine section
Visit https://www.topicsforseminar.com to Download
in this presentation , the different engine inefficiencies has been discussed including all sort of friction losses which affects the brake power of the engine. It includes volumetric efficiency, thermal efficiency, IMEP, BMEP, brake power etc.
Theoretical cycle based on the actual properties of the cylinder contents is called the fuel air cycle.
The fuel air cycle takes into consideration the following.
The ACTUAL COMPOSITION of the cylinder contents.
The VARIATION OF SPECIFIC HEAT of the gases in the cylinder.
The DISSOCIATION EFFECT.
The VARIATION IN THE NUMBER OF MOLES present in the cylinder as the pressure and temperature change
This presentation was prepared by Mechanical Engineering students during their Internal Combustion Course. Students belong to a very prestigious Engineering institute of Pakistan "University of Engineering and Technology Lahore"
Solar-Organic Rankine Cycle. Basic idea of Organic-Rankine cycle. Comparison of various working fluid for a Solar ORC based on the tests conducted on a simple ORC system of 2KW capacity operating on a solar water heater (water temp. 90C) as a source of heat. Comparison made on the basis of efficiency, pressure ratio, turbine exit volume flow rate, mass flow rate, heat input, Environmental considerations, toxicity, flammability.
Gas Turbine Theory - Principle of Operation and ConstructionSahyog Shishodia
This presentation tells all about basic principle behind Gas Turbine, their working, operation and construction. How they came into existence and where are they used.
The dual cycle is an important part of I mechanical engineering.
here I have to try to derive some of the rules and important parts.
such as,
1.History
2.Comparison Between Otto, Diesel and Dual Cycle
3.Dual Combustion Engine
4.Characteristics
5.Parts Of Engine
6.Stroke
7.Sequence of Operations
8.Expression For Efficiency
9.Applications
10.Automobile
11.Generators/Aircrafts
12.Marine Engines
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APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS 18ME42 Module 02 question no 3a 3b & 4a-4bTHANMAY JS
Module 02: Gas power Cycles & Jet Propulsion
Contents
Introduction to Gas Turbine
Types of Gas Turbines
Gas turbine (Brayton) cycle; Description, Types and analysis.
Gas turbine (Actual Brayton) cycle; description and analysis.
Regenerative, Inter-cooling and reheating in gas turbine cycles.
Introduction to Jet Propulsion cycles.
Problems on Brayton cycle
Problems on Actual Brayton cycle
here i have cover below topics
1. introduction
2. Components In Gas Turbine
3. Gas Turbine Working
4. Air Standard Cycle
5. Brayton Cycle
6. Brayton Cycle history
7. Gas Turbine Plant (Open Cycle)
8. Gas Turbine Plant (Close Cycle)
9. Brayton Cycle On P-V & T-S Plane
10. Efficiency of Brayton Cycle
11. Isentropic Efficiency Of Compressor
12. Isentropic Efficiency Of Turbine
13. Work Ratio
14. Merits and Demerits
Brayton cycle is a air standard cycle used to understand working of gas turbines. It is constant pressure cycle which shows how process are going in gas turbine.
Simple description about gas turbine. Where you are going to know about its classification,advantages and disadvantages also.Here also you can find-out where it is actually usages.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
3. George Brayton
Designed the first continuous ignition combustion
engine (Brayton’s ready motor)
The machine he invented introduced the process of
continuous combustion (brayton cycle) which
became the basis of for development of gas turbine.
His machine made headlines in scientific journals of
his time, but was superseded within a few years by
Nikolaus Otto’s engine a more efficient and quieter
design
4. Brayton Engine component
A Brayton-type engine consists of three
components:
A gas compressor
A mixing chamber
An expander
5.
6. Brayton Cycle
A thermodynamic cycle (also variously
called the Joule or complete expansion
diesel cycle) consisting of two constant-
pressure (isobaric) processes
interspersed with two reversible
adiabatic (isentropic) processes.
7. Brayton Cycle
Now, the Brayton cycle is used for gas
turbines only where both the compression
and expansion processes take place in
rotating machinery.
8.
9. Brayton Cycle Components:
First, Fresh air is drawn into the
compressor in which pressure and
temperature are raised
The high-pressure air proceeds into the
combustion chamber, where the fuel
is burned at constant pressure.
The resulting high-temperature gases
then enter the turbine, where they
expand to the atmospheric pressure
through a row of nozzle vanes
10. Brayton cycle components
This expansion causes the turbine blade to
spin, which then turns a shaft inside a
magnetic coil. When the shaft is rotating
inside the magnetic coil, electrical current is
produced. The exhaust gases leaving the
turbine in the open cycle are not re-
circulated.
11. Processes and how they occur
Isentropic process - Ambient air is drawn into the
compressor, where it is pressurized.
Isobaric process - The compressed air then runs through
a combustion chamber, where fuel is burned, heating that
air—a constant-pressure process, since the chamber is
open to flow in and out.
Isentropic process - The heated, pressurized air then
gives up its energy, expanding through a turbine (or series
of turbines). Some of the work extracted by the turbine is
used to drive the compressor.
Isobaric process - Heat rejection (in the atmosphere).
12.
13. Differences to other cycles
The thermal efficiency for a given gas, air, is
solely a function of the ratio of compression.
This is also the case with the Otto cycle. For the
diesel cycle with incomplete expansion, the
thermal efficiency is lower.
The Brayton cycle, with its high inherent thermal
efficiency, requires the maximum volume of gas
flow for a given power output.
14. Differences to other cycles
The Otto and diesel cycles require much lower gas flow
rates, but have the disadvantage of higher peak pressures
and temperatures. These conflicting elements led to many
designs, all attempting to achieve practical compromises.
With the development of fluid acceleration devices for the
compression and expansion of gases, the Brayton cycle
found mechanisms which could economically handle the
large volumes of working fluid. This is perfected in the gas
turbine power plant.
18. The open gas-turbine cycle can be
modelled as a closed cycle by
utilizing the air-standard
assumptions. Here the compression
and expansion process remain the
same, but a constant-pressure heat-
rejection process to the ambient air
replaces the combustion process.