This document discusses chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by repetitive head trauma. CTE is characterized by tau protein deposits in the brain and is associated with athletes, military personnel, and others with a history of repetitive brain injury. The document covers the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and prognosis of CTE. CTE symptoms often present later in life and worsen over time, progressing through four stages of severity. The disease results from axonal damage and neuroinflammation triggered by head impacts that cause tau protein abnormalities and neurodegeneration.
This document discusses chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by repetitive head trauma. CTE is characterized by tau protein deposits in the brain and is associated with athletes, military personnel, and others with a history of repetitive brain injury. The document covers the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and prognosis of CTE. CTE symptoms often present later in life and worsen over time, progressing through four stages of severity. The disease results from axonal damage and neuroinflammation triggered by head impacts that cause tau protein abnormalities and neurodegeneration.
The Early Warning System is a tool in Blackboard that allows instructors to set rules to identify students who are at risk of low grades, absences, or late work. The system automatically checks student data against the instructor's rules and notifies students and learning partners via email if a rule is triggered. The document provides instructions on setting up rules based on grades, absences, exams/tests and refreshing the system to send notifications to students.
clinical approach to Rapidly Progressive GlomerulonephritisDr santosh km
This document discusses rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN). It begins by describing the original use of the term RPGN and the discovery of anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibody's role in Goodpasture syndrome. It then discusses three main types of RPGN - anti-GBM antibody disease, immune complex disease, and pauci-immune disease. The document provides details on the clinical presentation, pathogenesis, treatment and prognosis of each type. It highlights that plasmapheresis and immunosuppression can benefit 40-45% of patients with anti-GBM antibody RPGN by preventing progression to end-stage renal disease or death.
1. The document discusses respiratory patterns in newborns, thermoregulation, causes of respiratory distress, and cyanosis in newborns.
2. It describes the irregular breathing patterns of newborns in the first few days after birth and signs of respiratory distress like tachypnea and chest retractions.
3. Common causes of respiratory distress discussed include transient tachypnea of the newborn, meconium aspiration syndrome, respiratory distress syndrome, and pneumonia. Differential diagnosis and investigations for these conditions are also provided.
The document summarizes guidelines from the 2015 American Heart Association for the treatment of acute coronary syndromes. It covers diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in the prehospital and hospital settings. For STEMI patients, it recommends prehospital ECG and activation of the catheterization lab. It finds prehospital fibrinolysis reasonable when transport times exceed 30 minutes, and may prefer transport directly to a PCI center. For reperfusion, it recommends PCI within 120 minutes when possible, and considers immediate fibrinolysis for onset within 2 hours if PCI delay is over 60 minutes.
This document provides guidelines for pediatric basic life support (BLS) for lay rescuers and healthcare providers (HCP). It defines infant, child, and adult BLS and reviews the 2015 updates to the C-A-B sequence and pediatric algorithms for single and multiple rescuers. Key recommendations include a chest compression rate of 100-120/min, a depth of up to 6 cm, allowing full chest recoil, minimizing interruptions, and avoiding excessive ventilation. The BLS sequences for lay rescuers and HCP are outlined, including steps for assessing responsiveness, activating emergency response, providing chest compressions and ventilations, using an AED, managing foreign body airway obstructions, trauma, and
This document provides guidelines for various aspects of adult advanced cardiovascular life support. It discusses recommendations for oxygen dose during CPR, monitoring physiologic parameters, use of ultrasound, bag-mask ventilation vs advanced airways, assessment of tracheal tube placement, ventilation after advanced airway placement, defibrillation strategies, antiarrhythmic therapy, use of epinephrine, prognostication using end-tidal CO2, extracorporeal CPR, acute cardiovascular interventions, induced hypothermia, seizure management, ventilation and oxygenation as part of post-cardiac arrest care. The recommendations provided are based on the latest evidence and aim to optimize care for cardiac arrest patients.
Pediatric advanced life support (PALS) refers to a set of clinical interventions for the urgent treatment of cardiac or respiratory emergencies in infants and children. PALS focuses on the prompt recognition and definitive treatment of life-threatening emergencies through the use of systematic approach to assessment, basic life support skills, intravenous access, treatment algorithms, and effective resuscitation. The goal of PALS is to support organ function and prevent further physiologic deterioration in critically ill or injured infants and children until more definitive care is available.
This document provides recommendations from the 2015 Neonatal Resuscitation Guidelines on various topics relating to neonatal resuscitation. It discusses recommendations regarding umbilical cord management, maintaining normal temperature, warming hypothermic newborns, administration of oxygen, positive pressure ventilation, and other aspects of resuscitation. The recommendations are based on levels of evidence and aim to optimize resuscitation practices for improved newborn outcomes.
This document summarizes the key recommendations from the 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines for CPR and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Some of the major updates include emphasizing the importance of early CPR and defibrillation. It recommends compression-only CPR for untrained lay rescuers. For trained lay rescuers and healthcare providers, the recommendation is chest compressions combined with rescue breathing at a 30:2 ratio. Other updates address opioid overdoses, passive ventilation techniques, delays in rhythm checks, and use of feedback devices to optimize CPR performance.
The 2015 Guidelines Update provides revised guidance on ethical issues and terminating resuscitative efforts related to cardiac arrest. The ethical principles have not changed since the 2010 publication. Updates were made to several sections based on repeated discussions of ethics issues during the ILCOR evidence review process in 2015. The results of the AHA Guidelines revision indicate several scientific changes that significantly impact ethical decision making for patients near cardiac arrest, during cardiac arrest, and after cardiac arrest. Multiple guidelines on withholding and withdrawing CPR and prognostic factors for neonatal, pediatric, and adult in-hospital and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest are outlined.
This Thai language document is about applying and taking an exam on the website learn.narenthorn.or.th. It discusses registering for and completing an assessment on the site. In a few sentences it outlines the basic process of signing up and testing on the given online platform.
This document provides guidance on evaluating and managing ill-appearing neonates in the emergency department. Key points include:
1) Treat all ill-appearing neonates for sepsis initially with antibiotics such as ampicillin and gentamicin until infection is ruled out. Perform diagnostic tests including blood cultures and lumbar puncture if stable.
2) Check bedside glucose in all ill-appearing neonates and treat hypoglycemia.
3) Consider various differential diagnoses remembered by the acronym "NEO SECRETS" including infections, inborn errors of metabolism, electrolyte abnormalities, etc.
4) Neonates presenting with bilious emesis require workup to rule out volvulus