The document discusses complications of peptic ulcers, including perforation, hemorrhage, stenosis, and malignization. Perforation is the most common complication and can be difficult to diagnose, particularly in elderly patients or those on steroids. Treatment for perforated ulcers typically involves surgical closure of the perforation along with washing of the abdominal cavity and antibiotics. While laparoscopic repair is possible, open surgery is usually quicker and more effective at washing out stomach contents. Surgeons must also consider whether to add an ulcer-curing procedure like vagotomy or partial gastrectomy. Hemorrhage from peptic ulcers is also potentially lethal, with a mortality rate of 5-10%, and treatment involves resusc

1. COMPLICATIONS OF PEPTIC ULCER Teplyy V.V.

2. Classification of gastroduodenal peptic ulcer by site

3. Classification of benign gastric ulcers (after Johnson, 1957)

26. Endoscopic signs of recent haemorrhage

33. Malignant change in peptic ulcers