This document presents information about body fluid and acid-base balance. It discusses the composition and compartments of body fluids, including intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid, plasma, lymph, cerebrospinal fluid, amniotic fluid, milk, and tears. It also covers acid-base balance, noting the normal pH range is maintained by buffering systems, ventilation rates, and renal function. When there is too much or too little hydrogen ions, acid-base imbalances like acidosis or alkalosis can occur, which the respiratory and urinary systems work to compensate for and maintain pH homeostasis.

1. Presentation Title
Your company information

2. Body Fluid And Acid BAse
BAlAnce•
Presented to: Ms. AyeshA
huMAyun
Presented By: FAisAl shAhzAd
14-Arid-2022
evening B grouP
PMAs rAWAlPnidi

3. Body Fluids
Total amount of fluid in the body is
Approximately 70% of body weight
Body fluid has been divided into two
compartments
1-Intracellular fluid (ICF)
Inside the cells
55% of total body water
2-Extracellular fluid (ECF)
Outside the cells
45% of total body water

4. Composition of Body Fluids
Electrolytes
Cations: sodium, potassium, calcium hydrogen
and magnesium
Anions: chloride, bicarbonate, phosphate and
sulfate
Non-electrolytes
Glucose
Urea
Protein and lipid

5. Body Fluid Compartments
Extracellular fluid includ
Interstitial fluid
Present between the cells
Approximately 80%
Plasma
Present in blood
Approximately 20% of ECF
Also includes
Lymph
synovial fluid and cerebrospinal fluid

6. Difference

7. Lymph
Clear and colorless fluid
96% water and 4% solids
Solids
Proteins
2-6% of solids
albumin, globulin and fibrinogen
Lipids
5-15%
Carbohydrates
Glucose mainly
Electrolytes
Sodium, calcium and potassium

8. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Clear, colorless liquid formed within the
cavities of brain and around spinal cord

9. Amniotic Fluid
Liquid produced by membranes of fetus
Volume of fluid increases with gestational
age

10. Milk
Secreted by mammary glands
Complete natural food
83-87% water and 13-17% solids
Solids
Carbohydrates
Lactose
Lipids
Triacylglyerols
Proteins
Caesin (80%), Lactalbumin
Minerals
Ca, Mg, P, Na, K, Cl
Vitamins
Fat and water soluble vitamins

11. Tears
Produced by lachrymal glands
Isotonic but becomes hypertonic due to
evaporation as fluid passes over the cornea

12. ACID BASE
BANALANCE

13. ACID BASE BANALANCE
Normal range of pH
7.38 – 7.42
Controlled by systems which maintain H+
levels:
1-Buffering Systems
2-Ventilation Rates
3-Renal Function

14. 1-Buffering Systems
Any molecule capable of picking up H ion can
act as a buffer: such as ammonia (NH3)
Buffering System 1. Bicarbonate buffering system
Buffering System 2. Phosphate buffering system

15. 2-Ventilation Rates
It’s all about CO2 and the bicarbonate buffering
system
• Increased ventilation rate causes removal of CO2
and H2O
Hyperventilation drives the reaction to the left causing
removal of H+
, pH goes up
Hypoventilation drives the reaction to the right,
causing additional H+
, pH goes down

16. 3-Renal Function
Through the aspects of tubular secretion and
reabsorption
Bicarbonate (HCO3
-
) is produced and reabsorbed,
acting as a buffer, stabilizing pH
H+
is capable of being secreted and excreted,
reducing its concentration and causing pH to go
up.

18. What happens when there is an
abundance (or lack) of H+
?

19. Acid Base Imbalances
Acidosis = too much H+
causing pH to drop
Alkalosis = too little H+
causing pH to rise
The urinary and respiratory systems work together to
control and maintain pH within homeostatic parameters
The systems will compensate for each other if
needed