Bob the builder !!!!
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The document discusses the design of a 3-star hotel. It describes using a geodesic dome structure with a steel frame. The dome shape provides stability by transferring loads horizontally and evenly. It also moves as a single unit when shaken. Floor plans and structural features are shown to provide earthquake resistance, including a geodesic dome, columns, shear walls, and pile foundation.
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structures
Solid structures rely on their own mass and have little internal space, while frame structures are made of connected parts and shell structures have a solid outer surface and hollow interior. Common bridge types include beam bridges which are flat and supported at the ends, arch bridges which use arches to distribute heavy loads, truss bridges made of triangular frames, and suspension bridges with cables anchored at tall towers on each end. Structural components like beams, columns, arches, and trusses are basic building blocks used in a variety of ways to construct strong yet lightweight structures.
Space frame , space structure and geodesic domes
our presentation will provide information about space frame , space structures and geodesic domes, these technology used to cover large/long span shed, beautification of buildings.
2204
This document provides the code of practice for constructing reinforced concrete shell roofs in India. It defines key terms related to shell roof construction such as chord width, radius, rise, semi-centred angle, and span. It describes different types of shell roofs including barrel shells, butterfly shells, continuous cylindrical shells, corrugated shells, and shells of revolution. It also outlines the necessary information that must be provided by the designer to the builder, including working drawings, formwork details, and reinforcement details. The document discusses design considerations for shell roofs such as appropriate slope and minimum thickness.
Assunit1
The document provides an overview of advance structural systems including construction and form, structure and form equilibrium, the catenary, arch, and simply supported beam. It discusses key concepts such as how structures are arranged to support loads, the relationship between structure and form, and conditions of equilibrium. Examples of advanced shell structures like the catenary, arch, and domical shell are described along with their internal forces and advantages.
Design of arch bridges
There are three types of arch bridges defined by their structural connections: three hinged, two hinged, and fixed. Arch bridges are also classified by their orientation: through, half through, and spandrel. Designing arch bridges involves determining properties like span, arch height, shape, materials, hangers, deck, foundations, and connections between components. Structural analysis calculates internal forces in the arch under different load combinations to inform member sizing.
A Review on Thin-shell Structures: Advances and Trends
This paper provides a review of research advances and trends in the area of thin shell structures. The art of building thin-shell structures has been with us since ancient times. In practical civil engineering, the necessity of covering large column free open areas with shell surfaces is often an issue. Over the course of time, this shell form became very popular to engineers due to a number of advantages it offers, and started drawing the attention of a number of researchers. A thin shell is a term not in itself as readily understandable by the layman as the terms dome or vault would be. It is in a sense a word coined on the basis of its structural connotations, as exhibited in the artifacts it creates. There are many interesting aspects of the use of shells in engineering, but one alone stands out as being of paramount importance: it is the structural aspect. At the beginning of this century, under the influence of the art movement and the dominance of industrialized building materials, any remnants of curvilinear architecture were mercilessly banished. Within that period avant-garde art emphatically proclaimed a total repudiation of the traditions and classical revivals that in architecture were symbolized mostly by arches and vaults. Ready-to-use rectilinear steel beams and columns and easy-to build rectilinear concrete forms struck a lethal blow to the curvilinear approach in architecture. Rectilinearity became synonymous with rationality, while curvilinearity came to symbolize decadence. Remember, for instance, the negative stigma given to the baroque for its assumed pomposity in glorifying curves. In practical terms such an attitude in design is clearly manifested in the present cityscapes that are totally free of arches, domes, shells, and any other form that is not rectilinear. With today‟s almost unlimited computer technology and the knowledge that can be gained from understanding the domes and vaults built both in the past and present, it is hoped that this research work on the review aspects of curvilinear forms will contribute to further exploration and encourage the application of thin shells by the engineers and architects to whom it is addressed. Masonry domes, concrete shells, and large steel contemporary domes are presented in historical terms as case studies and in conceptual terms from the architectural and structural point of view.
Earthquake resistance structures
tells about how the earthquakes are happen, effect of earthquakes on buildings and design methods to be followed to design earthquake resistance building.
Bridge components
Bridges are structures built to span physical obstacles without blocking passage underneath. The key components of bridges include foundations, abutments, piers, piles, girders, decks, and bearings. Foundations transmit loads from the rest of the bridge evenly to the soil or bedrock below. Piers and abutments support the superstructure of beams and decks that people or vehicles pass over.
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structures
Solid structures rely on their own mass and have little internal space, while frame structures are made of connected parts and shell structures have a solid outer surface and hollow interior. Common bridge types include beam bridges which are flat and supported at the ends, arch bridges which use arches to distribute heavy loads, truss bridges made of triangular frames, and suspension bridges with cables anchored at tall towers on each end. Structural components like beams, columns, arches, and trusses are basic building blocks used in a variety of ways to construct strong yet lightweight structures.
Space frame , space structure and geodesic domes
our presentation will provide information about space frame , space structures and geodesic domes, these technology used to cover large/long span shed, beautification of buildings.
2204
This document provides the code of practice for constructing reinforced concrete shell roofs in India. It defines key terms related to shell roof construction such as chord width, radius, rise, semi-centred angle, and span. It describes different types of shell roofs including barrel shells, butterfly shells, continuous cylindrical shells, corrugated shells, and shells of revolution. It also outlines the necessary information that must be provided by the designer to the builder, including working drawings, formwork details, and reinforcement details. The document discusses design considerations for shell roofs such as appropriate slope and minimum thickness.
Assunit1
The document provides an overview of advance structural systems including construction and form, structure and form equilibrium, the catenary, arch, and simply supported beam. It discusses key concepts such as how structures are arranged to support loads, the relationship between structure and form, and conditions of equilibrium. Examples of advanced shell structures like the catenary, arch, and domical shell are described along with their internal forces and advantages.
Design of arch bridges
There are three types of arch bridges defined by their structural connections: three hinged, two hinged, and fixed. Arch bridges are also classified by their orientation: through, half through, and spandrel. Designing arch bridges involves determining properties like span, arch height, shape, materials, hangers, deck, foundations, and connections between components. Structural analysis calculates internal forces in the arch under different load combinations to inform member sizing.
A Review on Thin-shell Structures: Advances and Trends
This paper provides a review of research advances and trends in the area of thin shell structures. The art of building thin-shell structures has been with us since ancient times. In practical civil engineering, the necessity of covering large column free open areas with shell surfaces is often an issue. Over the course of time, this shell form became very popular to engineers due to a number of advantages it offers, and started drawing the attention of a number of researchers. A thin shell is a term not in itself as readily understandable by the layman as the terms dome or vault would be. It is in a sense a word coined on the basis of its structural connotations, as exhibited in the artifacts it creates. There are many interesting aspects of the use of shells in engineering, but one alone stands out as being of paramount importance: it is the structural aspect. At the beginning of this century, under the influence of the art movement and the dominance of industrialized building materials, any remnants of curvilinear architecture were mercilessly banished. Within that period avant-garde art emphatically proclaimed a total repudiation of the traditions and classical revivals that in architecture were symbolized mostly by arches and vaults. Ready-to-use rectilinear steel beams and columns and easy-to build rectilinear concrete forms struck a lethal blow to the curvilinear approach in architecture. Rectilinearity became synonymous with rationality, while curvilinearity came to symbolize decadence. Remember, for instance, the negative stigma given to the baroque for its assumed pomposity in glorifying curves. In practical terms such an attitude in design is clearly manifested in the present cityscapes that are totally free of arches, domes, shells, and any other form that is not rectilinear. With today‟s almost unlimited computer technology and the knowledge that can be gained from understanding the domes and vaults built both in the past and present, it is hoped that this research work on the review aspects of curvilinear forms will contribute to further exploration and encourage the application of thin shells by the engineers and architects to whom it is addressed. Masonry domes, concrete shells, and large steel contemporary domes are presented in historical terms as case studies and in conceptual terms from the architectural and structural point of view.
Earthquake resistance structures
tells about how the earthquakes are happen, effect of earthquakes on buildings and design methods to be followed to design earthquake resistance building.
Bridge components
Bridges are structures built to span physical obstacles without blocking passage underneath. The key components of bridges include foundations, abutments, piers, piles, girders, decks, and bearings. Foundations transmit loads from the rest of the bridge evenly to the soil or bedrock below. Piers and abutments support the superstructure of beams and decks that people or vehicles pass over.
Earthquake Resistant Designs - Timber and Steel
This presentation gives a general idea about the construction techniques and certain elements that are used in the case of earthquake-resistant structures. It broadly talks about how framing and all is done when it comes to Timber, and about different elements like dampers and all when it comes to steel. (Just giving a broad idea. See the presentation for yourself.)
Was used as an introductory presentation for the Building Construction and Technology class, for Architecture.
EQ RESISTANCE
The document discusses the earthquake resistance of load bearing masonry structures. It notes that traditionally built masonry structures are vulnerable during earthquakes due to lack of structural integrity and proper connections between building components. Specifically, it highlights issues like inadequate wall anchorage, instability of slender walls, separation of wall wythes, and collapse of walls supporting roof structures. The document provides suggestions for improving earthquake resistance, such as introducing horizontal bands, use of ring beams, improving wall robustness. It emphasizes the importance of overall building shape and size, and proper distribution of mass and lateral loads.
building construction and material
The document discusses different types of frame structures used in construction including post and lintel, simple frame, multiple frame, concrete frame, steel frame, and wooden frame structures. It defines key terms like tension, compression, bending, and shear. It provides examples of different frame structures and outlines their advantages and uses.
Earthquake Resisting Structure Techniques
This document discusses techniques for making structures resistant to earthquakes, including base isolation and energy dissipation devices. Base isolation involves separating the building from the ground using flexible rubber devices to allow it to move independently during an earthquake. Energy dissipation devices, like seismic dampers, absorb seismic energy to dampen the motion of the building. Common types of base isolators are lead rubber bearings and spherical sliding isolators, while common seismic dampers include viscous, friction, and yielding dampers. Proper seismic design involves principles like avoiding brittle elements, providing strength throughout the building, and well-connecting the building to its foundation.
Folded plate structure
Folded plate structures are assemblies of flat plates rigidly connected along edges to form a structure without additional beams. They were first used in 1923 for an aircraft hangar. The principle is inspired by folding in nature like leaves and wings. Structural behavior depends on folding pattern and connections. Types include folded plate surfaces, frames, and spatial structures made of materials like concrete, metal, wood, and glass. Applications include roofs, walls, floors, and steel sheet piles. Advantages are light construction and longer spans while disadvantages include complex formwork and labor. Examples are the Air Force Academy Chapel and Yokohama Passenger Terminal. The document recommends using folded plates for portable homeless shelters in Bangladesh.
structures
The document discusses different types of bridges and structures. It defines arch bridges as bridges supported by an arch or series of arches. Suspension bridges have roadways hung from cables between tall towers. Truss bridges are supported by trusses to carry heavy loads without collapsing. Beam bridges are the most common type of bridge, supported by one or more beams. Solid structures rely on their own mass to resist forces, while frame structures gain strength from joined components forming triangles. Shell structures have a solid outer surface and hollow inner area.
Earthquake resistant steel structures arcelor mittal
1. An earthquake is a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic ground shaking.
2. Earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates along fault lines located at plate boundaries.
3. The seismic waves generated by an earthquake propagate out from the epicenter in all directions, causing the ground to shake at the surface where structures are located. The severity of shaking decreases with increasing distance from the epicenter.
Earthquake F.M.Bahlol
This document discusses key considerations for earthquake-resistant building design. It recommends symmetrical building plans and structures, avoiding open ground used for parking, and limiting heavy masses like swimming pools at the top. It also discusses materials selection, ductility, load path design, seismic resistance techniques like bracing and shear walls, and structural systems like shear walls, braced tubes, and bundled tubes that enhance earthquake resistance. In conclusion, earthquake design is especially important for tall buildings and structures at risk, with modern constructions requiring strict factor safety for the entire building.
Earthquake collapse pattern
This document summarizes common earthquake collapse patterns and their causes. It discusses several classifications of collapse patterns according to references 1 and 3, including soft story collapse, confinement deficiencies, vertical and planar irregularities, unintended stiffness additions, and local column failures. Some key reasons for these collapses are discussed, such as high water-cement ratios, insufficient curing, and lack of ductile reinforcement. Masonry structures are also examined, noting they are vulnerable without cement mortar or horizontal reinforcement bands. Recommendations include strong column weak beam design, ductile detailing per codes, and horizontal bands in masonry.
T e m p o r a r y s t r u c t u r e s 2 1
The document discusses different types of temporary structures. It begins with introducing temporary structures and defining them. It then discusses the history of temporary structures dating back 44,000 years. Some key early temporary structures discussed include tipis and yurts. The document then covers classifications of temporary structures according to their basic functions and structural behavior. It identifies and describes different types of temporary structures including membrane structures like tents, pneumatic structures, net structures, shell structures, space frame structures, geodesic domes, folded plate structures, and bamboo structures. The document provides examples and diagrams to illustrate these different temporary structure types.
Space and shell structures
Shells are curved structures that can transmit loads in multiple directions and are constructed using thin materials like concrete or reinforced concrete. They distribute loads across their surfaces through compressive, tensile and shear stresses. Large spherical domes are often constructed using inflated membranes as forms which provide support during construction. Domes over 300 feet require a grid structure to provide sufficient stiffness while minimizing weight. Shells and folded plates are constructed as uniform thin surfaces rather than stacked discrete pieces like frames. Domes, vaults, and barrel shells are examples of shell structures used in building construction.
Earthquake and earthquake resistant design
This document discusses various earthquake-resistant features used in building design including:
1) Using beams as ductile weak links rather than columns through strong-column weak-beam design.
2) Improving masonry wall behavior by controlling wall dimensions and heights, ensuring proper construction and bonding, and adding horizontal reinforcement.
3) Using shear walls in reinforced concrete buildings to provide strength and stiffness throughout the building height.
Earthquake Resistant Design Techniques
The document discusses various earthquake resistant construction details for building foundations, soil stabilization, retaining walls, tanks, and isolating structures. It provides information on different types of foundations like stone masonry, brick masonry, and concrete block masonry foundations. It also describes methods for soil stabilization including dynamic compaction, vibro compaction, pressure grouting, and surcharging. Details of wood framed walls and connections between foundations and superstructures are presented.
Earthquakes effects on reinforced concrete buildings
Reinforced concrete buildings have become common in Nepal, particularly in urban areas. They consist of concrete reinforced with steel bars. During earthquakes, inertia forces develop at each floor level and accumulate downwards, resulting in higher forces at lower stories. Floor slabs are rigid elements that bend with beams but keep columns at the same level moving together. Masonry infill walls between columns and slabs resist horizontal movement but can crack under severe shaking. Proper design requires reinforcement on all faces of beams and columns to resist bending moment reversals from earthquakes. Columns must be stronger than beams, and foundations stronger than columns, to ensure the building can deform without collapse.
structure analysis by PUC GRP 3
The document provides an overview of structural analysis and different structural systems used in architecture. It begins with a brief history of structural development from prehistoric times through modern steel structures. It then defines key structural concepts and requirements. The main structural systems discussed are wall-slab, post-lintel, and post-slab structures. Details are given on structural elements, load transfer methods, and case studies for each system. Advantages and disadvantages of wall-slab structures are also summarized.
Structural elements and their arrangements
This document summarizes structural elements and their arrangements in architecture. It discusses key structural components like beams, columns, walls, trusses, and frames. It also describes different structural systems like load-bearing walls, frame structures, and form-active structures. Different joint types like discontinuous and continuous are also outlined. Historical context is provided by discussing Vitruvius' three principles of architecture. The relationship between architectural and structural design is examined through examples.
Earthquake resistant low rise building
A technical approach to designing earthquake resistant buildings. Contains a brief overview of why a structure fails, building foundation problems and what are the possible solutions
structure analysis by PUC
This document provides a summary of a presentation on structural analysis. It discusses various structural systems including wall-slab, post-lintel, and post-slab structures. For each system, it describes key elements, materials, spans, load transfer methods, advantages, disadvantages, and case studies. It also reviews the historical development of structural systems from pre-historic times to the 21st century. Case studies discussed include SOS Children's Village School in Bangladesh and Bhatshala Residence, as well as Falling Water in the US. The document provides a comprehensive overview of structural systems and their analysis.
Structural Systems
The document provides an overview of structural systems and principles. It discusses the early shelters people used, the history of structural engineering from ancient structures like pyramids to modern advances. Key concepts covered include load paths, types of loads (static, dynamic), supports, materials used in construction, and the structural design process. The role of structural engineering is to safely resist all loads on a structure through appropriate analysis and design.
Conceptual design
This presentation discusses conceptual design considerations for earthquake-resistant structures. It emphasizes the importance of simplicity, symmetry, ductility, and a continuous load path in seismic design. Specific recommendations include using regular shapes without re-entrant corners in plan, avoiding soft or weak stories, maintaining uniform strength and stiffness, and designing horizontal members to fail before vertical members. The presentation also covers topics like structural materials, framing systems, the effects of non-structural elements, and the importance of flexibility versus stiffness. Overall, the conceptual design phase requires thorough consideration of form, shape, materials and structural behavior to avoid failure during earthquakes.
ARCHES AND DOMES
The document discusses different types of arches and domes and their construction techniques. It provides details on the key components of arches like voussoirs, keystone, intrados, etc. It describes various arch forms including flat arch, corbelled arch, triangular arch, semicircular arch, bullseye arch, Islamic arch, segmental arch, and pointed Gothic arch. It also explains dome structures and provides examples of different dome styles such as onion domes, geodesic domes, corbel domes, parabolic domes, saucer domes, and umbrella domes. The document aims to educate about the forms and building of common arch and dome structures.
arcauated structure
The document discusses different types of arched structures like arches, vaults, and domes. It defines each structure and describes their key characteristics. Arches are curved structural elements that span openings and support loads. Vaults are extended arches that create large covered spaces. Domes are spherical or hemispherical vaults. The document provides classifications for each structure based on their geometry, materials, and construction techniques. It also discusses structural aspects like thrust forces and load transfer. The Bara Imambara monument in Lucknow, India is presented as a case study, with details on its unique unreinforced brick construction and architectural features.
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Earthquake Resistant Designs - Timber and Steel
This presentation gives a general idea about the construction techniques and certain elements that are used in the case of earthquake-resistant structures. It broadly talks about how framing and all is done when it comes to Timber, and about different elements like dampers and all when it comes to steel. (Just giving a broad idea. See the presentation for yourself.)
Was used as an introductory presentation for the Building Construction and Technology class, for Architecture.
EQ RESISTANCE
The document discusses the earthquake resistance of load bearing masonry structures. It notes that traditionally built masonry structures are vulnerable during earthquakes due to lack of structural integrity and proper connections between building components. Specifically, it highlights issues like inadequate wall anchorage, instability of slender walls, separation of wall wythes, and collapse of walls supporting roof structures. The document provides suggestions for improving earthquake resistance, such as introducing horizontal bands, use of ring beams, improving wall robustness. It emphasizes the importance of overall building shape and size, and proper distribution of mass and lateral loads.
building construction and material
The document discusses different types of frame structures used in construction including post and lintel, simple frame, multiple frame, concrete frame, steel frame, and wooden frame structures. It defines key terms like tension, compression, bending, and shear. It provides examples of different frame structures and outlines their advantages and uses.
Earthquake Resisting Structure Techniques
This document discusses techniques for making structures resistant to earthquakes, including base isolation and energy dissipation devices. Base isolation involves separating the building from the ground using flexible rubber devices to allow it to move independently during an earthquake. Energy dissipation devices, like seismic dampers, absorb seismic energy to dampen the motion of the building. Common types of base isolators are lead rubber bearings and spherical sliding isolators, while common seismic dampers include viscous, friction, and yielding dampers. Proper seismic design involves principles like avoiding brittle elements, providing strength throughout the building, and well-connecting the building to its foundation.
Folded plate structure
Folded plate structures are assemblies of flat plates rigidly connected along edges to form a structure without additional beams. They were first used in 1923 for an aircraft hangar. The principle is inspired by folding in nature like leaves and wings. Structural behavior depends on folding pattern and connections. Types include folded plate surfaces, frames, and spatial structures made of materials like concrete, metal, wood, and glass. Applications include roofs, walls, floors, and steel sheet piles. Advantages are light construction and longer spans while disadvantages include complex formwork and labor. Examples are the Air Force Academy Chapel and Yokohama Passenger Terminal. The document recommends using folded plates for portable homeless shelters in Bangladesh.
structures
The document discusses different types of bridges and structures. It defines arch bridges as bridges supported by an arch or series of arches. Suspension bridges have roadways hung from cables between tall towers. Truss bridges are supported by trusses to carry heavy loads without collapsing. Beam bridges are the most common type of bridge, supported by one or more beams. Solid structures rely on their own mass to resist forces, while frame structures gain strength from joined components forming triangles. Shell structures have a solid outer surface and hollow inner area.
Earthquake resistant steel structures arcelor mittal
1. An earthquake is a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic ground shaking.
2. Earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates along fault lines located at plate boundaries.
3. The seismic waves generated by an earthquake propagate out from the epicenter in all directions, causing the ground to shake at the surface where structures are located. The severity of shaking decreases with increasing distance from the epicenter.
Earthquake F.M.Bahlol
This document discusses key considerations for earthquake-resistant building design. It recommends symmetrical building plans and structures, avoiding open ground used for parking, and limiting heavy masses like swimming pools at the top. It also discusses materials selection, ductility, load path design, seismic resistance techniques like bracing and shear walls, and structural systems like shear walls, braced tubes, and bundled tubes that enhance earthquake resistance. In conclusion, earthquake design is especially important for tall buildings and structures at risk, with modern constructions requiring strict factor safety for the entire building.
Earthquake collapse pattern
This document summarizes common earthquake collapse patterns and their causes. It discusses several classifications of collapse patterns according to references 1 and 3, including soft story collapse, confinement deficiencies, vertical and planar irregularities, unintended stiffness additions, and local column failures. Some key reasons for these collapses are discussed, such as high water-cement ratios, insufficient curing, and lack of ductile reinforcement. Masonry structures are also examined, noting they are vulnerable without cement mortar or horizontal reinforcement bands. Recommendations include strong column weak beam design, ductile detailing per codes, and horizontal bands in masonry.
T e m p o r a r y s t r u c t u r e s 2 1
The document discusses different types of temporary structures. It begins with introducing temporary structures and defining them. It then discusses the history of temporary structures dating back 44,000 years. Some key early temporary structures discussed include tipis and yurts. The document then covers classifications of temporary structures according to their basic functions and structural behavior. It identifies and describes different types of temporary structures including membrane structures like tents, pneumatic structures, net structures, shell structures, space frame structures, geodesic domes, folded plate structures, and bamboo structures. The document provides examples and diagrams to illustrate these different temporary structure types.
Space and shell structures
Shells are curved structures that can transmit loads in multiple directions and are constructed using thin materials like concrete or reinforced concrete. They distribute loads across their surfaces through compressive, tensile and shear stresses. Large spherical domes are often constructed using inflated membranes as forms which provide support during construction. Domes over 300 feet require a grid structure to provide sufficient stiffness while minimizing weight. Shells and folded plates are constructed as uniform thin surfaces rather than stacked discrete pieces like frames. Domes, vaults, and barrel shells are examples of shell structures used in building construction.
Earthquake and earthquake resistant design
This document discusses various earthquake-resistant features used in building design including:
1) Using beams as ductile weak links rather than columns through strong-column weak-beam design.
2) Improving masonry wall behavior by controlling wall dimensions and heights, ensuring proper construction and bonding, and adding horizontal reinforcement.
3) Using shear walls in reinforced concrete buildings to provide strength and stiffness throughout the building height.
Earthquake Resistant Design Techniques
The document discusses various earthquake resistant construction details for building foundations, soil stabilization, retaining walls, tanks, and isolating structures. It provides information on different types of foundations like stone masonry, brick masonry, and concrete block masonry foundations. It also describes methods for soil stabilization including dynamic compaction, vibro compaction, pressure grouting, and surcharging. Details of wood framed walls and connections between foundations and superstructures are presented.
Earthquakes effects on reinforced concrete buildings
Reinforced concrete buildings have become common in Nepal, particularly in urban areas. They consist of concrete reinforced with steel bars. During earthquakes, inertia forces develop at each floor level and accumulate downwards, resulting in higher forces at lower stories. Floor slabs are rigid elements that bend with beams but keep columns at the same level moving together. Masonry infill walls between columns and slabs resist horizontal movement but can crack under severe shaking. Proper design requires reinforcement on all faces of beams and columns to resist bending moment reversals from earthquakes. Columns must be stronger than beams, and foundations stronger than columns, to ensure the building can deform without collapse.
structure analysis by PUC GRP 3
The document provides an overview of structural analysis and different structural systems used in architecture. It begins with a brief history of structural development from prehistoric times through modern steel structures. It then defines key structural concepts and requirements. The main structural systems discussed are wall-slab, post-lintel, and post-slab structures. Details are given on structural elements, load transfer methods, and case studies for each system. Advantages and disadvantages of wall-slab structures are also summarized.
Structural elements and their arrangements
This document summarizes structural elements and their arrangements in architecture. It discusses key structural components like beams, columns, walls, trusses, and frames. It also describes different structural systems like load-bearing walls, frame structures, and form-active structures. Different joint types like discontinuous and continuous are also outlined. Historical context is provided by discussing Vitruvius' three principles of architecture. The relationship between architectural and structural design is examined through examples.
Earthquake resistant low rise building
A technical approach to designing earthquake resistant buildings. Contains a brief overview of why a structure fails, building foundation problems and what are the possible solutions
structure analysis by PUC
This document provides a summary of a presentation on structural analysis. It discusses various structural systems including wall-slab, post-lintel, and post-slab structures. For each system, it describes key elements, materials, spans, load transfer methods, advantages, disadvantages, and case studies. It also reviews the historical development of structural systems from pre-historic times to the 21st century. Case studies discussed include SOS Children's Village School in Bangladesh and Bhatshala Residence, as well as Falling Water in the US. The document provides a comprehensive overview of structural systems and their analysis.
Structural Systems
The document provides an overview of structural systems and principles. It discusses the early shelters people used, the history of structural engineering from ancient structures like pyramids to modern advances. Key concepts covered include load paths, types of loads (static, dynamic), supports, materials used in construction, and the structural design process. The role of structural engineering is to safely resist all loads on a structure through appropriate analysis and design.
Conceptual design
This presentation discusses conceptual design considerations for earthquake-resistant structures. It emphasizes the importance of simplicity, symmetry, ductility, and a continuous load path in seismic design. Specific recommendations include using regular shapes without re-entrant corners in plan, avoiding soft or weak stories, maintaining uniform strength and stiffness, and designing horizontal members to fail before vertical members. The presentation also covers topics like structural materials, framing systems, the effects of non-structural elements, and the importance of flexibility versus stiffness. Overall, the conceptual design phase requires thorough consideration of form, shape, materials and structural behavior to avoid failure during earthquakes.
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Earthquake resistant steel structures arcelor mittal
Earthquake resistant steel structures arcelor mittal
Earthquakes effects on reinforced concrete buildings
Earthquakes effects on reinforced concrete buildings
Similar to Bob the builder !!!!
ARCHES AND DOMES
The document discusses different types of arches and domes and their construction techniques. It provides details on the key components of arches like voussoirs, keystone, intrados, etc. It describes various arch forms including flat arch, corbelled arch, triangular arch, semicircular arch, bullseye arch, Islamic arch, segmental arch, and pointed Gothic arch. It also explains dome structures and provides examples of different dome styles such as onion domes, geodesic domes, corbel domes, parabolic domes, saucer domes, and umbrella domes. The document aims to educate about the forms and building of common arch and dome structures.
arcauated structure
The document discusses different types of arched structures like arches, vaults, and domes. It defines each structure and describes their key characteristics. Arches are curved structural elements that span openings and support loads. Vaults are extended arches that create large covered spaces. Domes are spherical or hemispherical vaults. The document provides classifications for each structure based on their geometry, materials, and construction techniques. It also discusses structural aspects like thrust forces and load transfer. The Bara Imambara monument in Lucknow, India is presented as a case study, with details on its unique unreinforced brick construction and architectural features.
Module - III.pptx shell structures and folded plates
Shell structures have been used for thousands of years, with early evidence of vaulted structures in Mesopotamia from 3000 BC. Shell structures are thin, curved plate structures that transmit applied forces through compressive, tensile, and shear stresses in the plane of the surface. They can be classified based on their curvature (single or double), shape (surface of revolution, translation, ruled), surface type (developable or non-developable), and material used (reinforced concrete, steel, etc.). Folded plate structures are assemblies of flat plates inclined in different directions and joined along edges, allowing slab and beam action to carry loads without additional internal supports.
Usa pavillion expo 67
The Montreal Biosphere is housed in Buckminster Fuller's geodesic dome, which was originally constructed as the United States pavilion for Expo 67. Fuller's dome uses a network of interlocking steel triangles to create an extremely strong, self-supporting structure that distributes stresses efficiently. The Biosphere's double-walled dome design further enhances its stability.
Miscellaneous Structures
For Civil Engineers,
Presenting you the Civil Engg. Facts about Shells and Roof Structures,
It's also containing valuable informations about the Tensile Structures and Paraboloid Structures
Thank you.
shell structure 1.pptx
Skeleton or braced frame works are also called latticed structures or space frames. They are categorized based on their Gaussian curvature as having positive, negative, or zero curvature. Braced barrel vaults are a type of skeletal structure with single curvature. Shell structures are thin curved structures that function as both structure and enclosure. They can have single or double curvature and forms include domes, hyperboloids, conoids, and hyperbolic paraboloids. Centering is required to construct shell structures which adds to the cost but shell structures are aesthetically pleasing and efficient due to their light weight. An example is the Sydney Opera House which used precast concrete shell segments and tensioned steel cables to span over 350km and
Form active structure system (1)
This document provides information on form active structural systems, with a focus on arch structures. It defines form active structures as systems of flexible, non-rigid matter where force redirection is achieved through particular form design and stabilization. Examples given include arch, tent, cable, and shell structures. Arch structures are then discussed in more detail, including terminology, types of arches, load mechanisms, classification, design considerations, and advantages. The key points are that arches function in pure compression to span distances by transmitting outward thrust to supports, and their curved form eliminates tensile stresses.
Building construction 2 project 1 report
The document describes the design process of a group of students in creating a temporary bus shelter. It details their initial design which utilized wood but failed. They redesigned the shelter with a skeletal structure using steel brackets, bolts, and a concrete foundation. Key elements of the successful design include a pitched roof for rainwater, columns arranged at a 25 degree angle for stability, and horizontal V-bracing between the columns. Load testing showed the arch-shaped bracing successfully distributed compression and tension forces to withstand weather conditions.
Domical system
This document provides information on dome structures including their definition, history, types, and construction techniques. It defines a dome as resembling the upper half of a sphere and being made of curved segments or a shell of revolution rotated around its central axis. Common dome additions are discussed like coffering, cupolas, lanterns, and oculi. Dome types include hemispherical, pointed, parabolic, and segmental. Construction techniques involve corbelling, using pendentives or squinches to support a circular dome over a square base, and building double-shelled masonry domes. The document also summarizes the history of domes from early indigenous examples to modern dome innovations.
2.1 RC superstructures.pdf
This document discusses the three basic types of superstructures: solid, skeleton, and surface structures. Solid structures combine load bearing with enclosure, transferring loads through walls. Examples include cellular/box frames and cross-walls. Skeleton structures concentrate loads through a load-bearing framework to foundations below. Examples include truss frames, portal frames, and suspension frames. Surface structures are thin materials shaped to gain strength through curvature, with examples being shell domes, barrel vaults, and folded plates.
Domes
This document discusses different types of dome structures. It begins by explaining that domes are prominent architectural features seen in many historic styles. Domes evolved from simple huts and tombs to large cathedrals and government buildings. The key elements of domes include the cupola, coffering, lantern, oculus, pendentive, rotunda, squinch, and drum. Common dome materials include brick, concrete, bamboo, metal, timber and cast iron. The document goes on to describe different dome types including corbel, geodesic, crossed-arch, onion, oval, saucer and umbrella domes. It concludes by discussing advantages like strength and aesthetics, disadvantages like cost and complexity, and
Details of arches
This document provides information about arches, including their definition, functions, elements, and technical terms. It describes different types of arches classified by shape (flat, segmental, semicircular, horseshoe, pointed, and Venetian) and material/workmanship (stone rubble/ashlar, brick rough/axed/gauged/purpose made, and concrete precast/monolithic). The construction process of arches involves three steps - installing centering or formwork, laying/casting the arch, and then striking or removing the centering after the arch gains strength.
BCON II PROJECT 1
This document provides an analysis report for a project to construct a 1:5 scale model of a temporary bus shelter with a maximum height of 600mm and base area of 400mm x 800mm. It includes sections on the design concept, massing, design development, drawings, material analysis, construction details, structural analysis, and conclusions. The goal was to demonstrate an understanding of skeletal construction and how structures react under loading. The design combined a triangular prism roof with a cuboid base to provide shelter for 5-6 users with an emphasis on practical construction and user needs.
bus shelter
This document provides an analysis report for a project to construct a 1:5 scale model of a temporary bus shelter with a maximum height of 600mm and base area of 400mm x 800mm. It includes sections on the design concept, massing, design development, drawings, material analysis, construction details, structural analysis, and conclusions. The goal was to demonstrate an understanding of skeletal construction and how structures react under loading. The design combined a triangular prism roof with a cuboid base to provide shelter for 5-6 users with an emphasis on practical construction and user needs.
Bcon project 1 pdf report
This document provides an analysis report for a project to construct a 1:5 scale model of a temporary bus shelter with a maximum height of 600mm and base area of 400mm x 800mm. It includes sections on the design concept, massing, design development, drawings, material analysis, construction details, structural analysis, and conclusions. The goal was to demonstrate an understanding of skeletal construction and how structures react under loading. The design combined a triangular prism roof with a cuboid base to provide shelter for 5-6 users with an emphasis on practical construction and user needs.
Acm Unit 2
This document provides information on various structural elements used in construction including beams, slabs, arches, vaults, trusses, frames, and domes. It describes the basic components, characteristics, types, and applications of each element. For example, it states that a beam is an element that resists bending forces, a slab is a horizontal surface element reinforced with steel bars, an arch distributes vertical loads into sideways forces through wedge-shaped blocks, and a dome is a curved ceiling structure similar to a hemisphere. The document also provides diagrams to illustrate different structural configurations.
FORM ACTIVE.pptx
Form active structures like arches, cables, and tents redirect forces through their shape rather than rigid members. Arches use compression to span distances, with the curve transferring weight outward to supports. Cables are flexible and use simple tension to span long distances in a triangular shape. Tents stabilize flexible surfaces under tension through frameworks, external forces, or internal pressurization to resist loads.
FORM ACTIVE.pdf
Form active structures like arches, cables, and tents redirect forces through their shape rather than rigid members. Arches use compression to span distances, with the curve transferring weight outward to supports. Cables are flexible and use simple tension to span long distances in a triangular shape. Tents stabilize flexible surfaces under tension through frameworks, external forces, or internal pressurization to resist loads.
REINFORCED CEMENT CONCRETE
The document summarizes various reinforced concrete structural elements used in building construction, including:
1. Columns, beams, slabs, staircases, lintels, chhajjas (eaves), canopies, and coffer slabs are discussed. Columns transfer loads from above to the foundation. Beams provide horizontal load resistance and resist bending. Slabs are floor and ceiling elements supported by columns and beams.
2. Staircases can be made of reinforced concrete and come in different arrangements like straight flights or landings. Lintels support walls above openings. Chhajjas project from walls to provide shade. Canopies provide shelter from weather. Coffer slabs have sunken, decorated
Basic structure
Basic beam column structure construction and examples and lastly shell structure in short.
Rafiq azam buildings.Richerd Mier, Le Corbusier, Tadao Ando residences.
Bangladesh Liberation War museum
Sydney opera house
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Module - III.pptx shell structures and folded plates
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Stupa
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Binders
The document summarizes the key earthquake resistance design features of a proposed 5-star hotel project in 3 sentences:
The hotel design is divided into monolithic blocks with regular square shapes and no soft storeys to resist earthquakes. Staircase blocks and services are isolated and steel emergency exit staircases and water tanks on the ground floor further enhance earthquake resistance. Floor plans are evolved through changing floor plate outlines at different levels to minimize voids and corners which improves the structural integrity of the building.
Architronics
This document summarizes the design of a proposed 3-star hotel building in New Market, Bhopal. The site area is 6767 sqm with a maximum permitted building area of 20,000 sqm. The building form is an egg octagon pyramid designed for vertical stability, a firm base to resist earthquakes, and symmetry to focus load to the ground. The building has 7 floors with the central portion containing lifts, stairs and chutes. The ground floor contains kitchens, laundry and banquet halls. The first floor has restaurants and toilets. Floors 2-7 have deluxe rooms and the 8th floor has suites and a gym.
Eagles
This document presents the design of a 3-star hotel incorporating earthquake resistant features. The key features of the design include a stable central form with a void space in the center for connectivity. The building consists of four built masses in different directions connected by a central lobby with a double height porch. Above the third floor, the floors form separate units creating two major open spaces. The design aims to have uniform shaking during an earthquake by structurally dividing the building into two parts while maintaining a single architectural form.
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Bob the builder !!!!
- 1. BOB THE BUILDER !!!! -Samapika Dalai -Meenal Nagdavne -Sumanshree Chamaria -Renemtila Ao -Sneha -Rukhsana -Athar -Ketan -Anushree -Drishti
- 2. 3 STAR HOTEL DESIGN
- 3. Top view :
- 4. Façade :
- 5. Elevation
- 6. Rear view :
- 7. The dome shape has been around in architecture and design for hundred of years. Most of the prominent architectural structures in the world have dome and vaulted shapes. The shape of the dome is based on spherical geometry and represents one of nature's performance elements : the shell.
- 8. Dome : * It is the most stable structure, * When force is applied, it transfers the load horizontally to the surface, equally and evenly. * When it shakes,it moves as one unit as in integrity. * In our design , steel frame has been used for the dome.
- 9. Geodesic Dome • A geodesic dome is a spherical or partial spherical shell structure based on a network of great circles or geodesics on the surface of a sphere. • The geodesics intersect to form triangular elements that have local triangular rigidity and also distribute the stress across the structure. • When completed to form a complete sphere, it a geodesic sphere.
- 10. • Rise-to-span ratio of the dome designed here is 0.50 (height being 10m and span being 20m)
- 11. View of entrance :
- 12. Side view :
- 14. Ground Floor Plan :
- 15. First Floor Plan :
- 16. Second Floor Plan :
- 18. Column Layout :
- 19. Structural Features of the Design for earthquake resistance and Novelty : • Geodesic Dome is being used. • Column • Shear walls are provided at the notches of the dome and also at the parallel rear wall. • Pile foundation is being provided. • Diagonal balancing of column and shear walls.
- 21. Thank you !!