There are three types of arch bridges defined by their structural connections: three hinged, two hinged, and fixed. Arch bridges are also classified by their orientation: through, half through, and spandrel. Designing arch bridges involves determining properties like span, arch height, shape, materials, hangers, deck, foundations, and connections between components. Structural analysis calculates internal forces in the arch under different load combinations to inform member sizing.

1. @Civil_Engineering101
DESIGN OF ARCH BRIDGES

2. @Civil_Engineering101
There are 3 types of Arches by
connection:
(a) Three Hinged Arch
(b) Two Hinged Arch
(c) Fixed Arch
Each type has a different calculation
Types of Arches by Orientation
(a) Through Arch
(b) Half through Arch
(c) Spandrel
DESIGN OF ARCH BRIDGES

3. @Civil_Engineering101
1. Know the vertical and horizontal
Alignments of the route
2. Estimate the Span
3. The Arch height will be (Span/4 to
span/6)
4. Definite the arch shape (y = (4hx/
L^2)*(L-x)) , where L = Span
5. What is your Arch made of?
Concrete, steel, wood.
DESIGN OF ARCH BRIDGES

4. @Civil_Engineering101
6. What are your hanger bars made of?
7. Choose a deck system e.g steel cross
girders, concrete slab, trusses.
8. Choose a Foundation system (e.g
gravity walls, battered piles)
9. Derive the operational load from the
Design manual of highway and Bridges.
10. Model the different load
combinations as per DMHB.
11. Calculate the internal forces
DESIGN OF ARCH BRIDGES

5. @Civil_Engineering101
DESIGN OF ARCH BRIDGES
span and height is
in metres

6. @Civil_Engineering101
DESIGN OF ARCH BRIDGES
Ha = Hb = Thrust
M= moment induced in the arch
N= compressive force in the arch
V = shear force in the arch
R= tension in hangers

7. @Civil_Engineering101
EXAMPLE FOR 3 HINGED ARCH ONLY
1. UDL @ full span

8. @Civil_Engineering101
EXAMPLE FOR 3 HINGED ARCH ONLY
2. UDL @ half span

9. @Civil_Engineering101
EXAMPLE FOR 3 HINGED ARCH ONLY
3. UDL @ quarter span

10. @Civil_Engineering101
COMPARE THE MOMENTS AND FORCES FOR THE 3 LOAD
SCENARIOS. DESIGN MEMBERS BASED ON WORST LOADING.
Forces are in KN
Moments are in KN/m
Forces are in KN
Moments are in
KN/m
Distance is in m

11. @Civil_Engineering101
COMPARE THE MOMENTS AND FORCES FOR THE 3 LOAD
SCENARIOS. DESIGN MEMBERS BASED ON WORST LOADING.
Forces are in KN
Moments are in KN/m
Forces are in KN
Moments are in
KN/m
Distance is in m

12. @Civil_Engineering101
COMPARE THE MOMENTS AND FORCES FOR THE 3 LOAD
SCENARIOS. DESIGN MEMBERS BASED ON WORST LOADING.
Forces are in KN
Moments are in KN/m
Forces are in KN
Moments are in
KN/m
Distance is in m

13. @Civil_Engineering101
DESIGN OF ARCH BRIDGES
DECK DESIGN
Steel Cross girders
Design for:
(a) bending
(b) shear
(c) connections e.g rivets, bolts, e.t.c
Reinforced Concrete Slab
Design for:
(a) Bending
(b) Shear

14. @Civil_Engineering101
DESIGN OF ARCH BRIDGES
FOUNDATION DESIGN
Design for:
(a) thrust
(b) Weight of structure
(c) Scouring, corrosion resistance if
necessary

15. @Civil_Engineering101
DESIGN OF ARCH BRIDGES

16. @Civil_Engineering101
DESIGN OF ARCH BRIDGES
CONNECTIONS
Design connections between:
(a) Arch and hangers
(b) Hangers and deck
(c) Arch and deck
OTHER COMPONENTS
paraphets
Pavement
Articulation Details
Method of construction
Maintenance