Plastics are synthetic or semi-synthetic organic polymers that can be molded into solid objects. There are two main types: thermoplastics, which can be reshaped when heated, and thermosetting plastics, which set permanently. Common plastic processing methods include injection molding, extrusion, blow molding, calendaring, thermoforming, rotational molding, and laminating. Injection molding uses heat and pressure to force melted plastic into a mold cavity. Extrusion produces solid or hollow shapes of constant cross-section. Blow molding inflates a hollow tube of plastic against a mold cavity. [/SUMMARY]
Here are some key industries and products that rely on blow molding for packaging:
- Beverage industry: Water bottles, soda bottles, juice bottles
- Food industry: Milk jugs, yogurt and butter tubs, condiment bottles
- Personal care industry: Shampoo, lotion and cosmetic bottles
- Household products industry: Cleaning product bottles, trash bins
- Automotive industry: Automotive fluid containers like oil and antifreeze bottles
- Medical industry: Saline solution bags, IV bags and tubing, medicine bottles
The document discusses various polymer processing techniques. It begins by explaining that the main goal of polymer processing is to produce usable objects and lists the necessary parameters for processing including flow, heat transfer, mass transfer, and chemical reactions. It then focuses on extrusion, describing it as shaping material by forcing it through a die. Various extrusion techniques are discussed including single screw extrusion, twin screw extrusion, blown film extrusion, co-extrusion, and injection molding. Other processing methods summarized include thermoforming, vacuum forming, rotational molding, calendering, and spinning.
Blow molding is a plastic processing technique where a heated plastic material is extruded into a hollow shape called a parison, which is then placed inside a mold and inflated with air until it takes the shape of the mold cavity. There are different types of blow molding depending on how the parison is formed, such as extrusion blow molding where plastic is continuously extruded and cut into parisons. Common materials used for blow molding include HDPE, LDPE, PP, PVC, and PET. Key factors that affect blow molding include the parison characteristics, inflation pressure, mold design, and blow ratio.
this file is useful for industrial and manufacturing & also for mechanical engineers & usefull for the industrial point of view
This file is about injection molding for plastics
best of luck
This document discusses various polymer processing techniques. It begins by outlining three general phases of plastics processes: heating, shaping/forming under constraint, and cooling. It then describes specific processes like thermoforming, compression and transfer molding, rotational molding, extrusion and extrusion-based processes, injection molding, and blow molding. For each process, it provides details on how it works, its advantages and disadvantages, and common applications.
this is my prsentation of Plastic Process and Processing Parameter in manufacturing process. here discussed moulding process for plastic, plastic injection moulding, machine parts and procedure, material used to making mould and blow moulding process, thermoforming process, vacuum forming process, and application
Plastics are synthetic or semi-synthetic organic polymers that can be molded into solid objects. There are two main types: thermoplastics, which can be reshaped when heated, and thermosetting plastics, which set permanently. Common plastic processing methods include injection molding, extrusion, blow molding, calendaring, thermoforming, rotational molding, and laminating. Injection molding uses heat and pressure to force melted plastic into a mold cavity. Extrusion produces solid or hollow shapes of constant cross-section. Blow molding inflates a hollow tube of plastic against a mold cavity. [/SUMMARY]
Here are some key industries and products that rely on blow molding for packaging:
- Beverage industry: Water bottles, soda bottles, juice bottles
- Food industry: Milk jugs, yogurt and butter tubs, condiment bottles
- Personal care industry: Shampoo, lotion and cosmetic bottles
- Household products industry: Cleaning product bottles, trash bins
- Automotive industry: Automotive fluid containers like oil and antifreeze bottles
- Medical industry: Saline solution bags, IV bags and tubing, medicine bottles
The document discusses various polymer processing techniques. It begins by explaining that the main goal of polymer processing is to produce usable objects and lists the necessary parameters for processing including flow, heat transfer, mass transfer, and chemical reactions. It then focuses on extrusion, describing it as shaping material by forcing it through a die. Various extrusion techniques are discussed including single screw extrusion, twin screw extrusion, blown film extrusion, co-extrusion, and injection molding. Other processing methods summarized include thermoforming, vacuum forming, rotational molding, calendering, and spinning.
Blow molding is a plastic processing technique where a heated plastic material is extruded into a hollow shape called a parison, which is then placed inside a mold and inflated with air until it takes the shape of the mold cavity. There are different types of blow molding depending on how the parison is formed, such as extrusion blow molding where plastic is continuously extruded and cut into parisons. Common materials used for blow molding include HDPE, LDPE, PP, PVC, and PET. Key factors that affect blow molding include the parison characteristics, inflation pressure, mold design, and blow ratio.
this file is useful for industrial and manufacturing & also for mechanical engineers & usefull for the industrial point of view
This file is about injection molding for plastics
best of luck
This document discusses various polymer processing techniques. It begins by outlining three general phases of plastics processes: heating, shaping/forming under constraint, and cooling. It then describes specific processes like thermoforming, compression and transfer molding, rotational molding, extrusion and extrusion-based processes, injection molding, and blow molding. For each process, it provides details on how it works, its advantages and disadvantages, and common applications.
this is my prsentation of Plastic Process and Processing Parameter in manufacturing process. here discussed moulding process for plastic, plastic injection moulding, machine parts and procedure, material used to making mould and blow moulding process, thermoforming process, vacuum forming process, and application
Extrusion blow molding is a manufacturing process used to make hollow plastic parts like bottles. It begins by melting plastic and extruding it into a tube-like parison. The parison is clamped into a mold and compressed air is injected to push the plastic out against the mold walls. As the plastic cools and hardens, the mold opens and the final part is ejected. Common materials for extrusion blow molding include polyethylene, polypropylene, and PET which must have good melt strength. The process offers low costs due to simple molds but is limited to hollow shapes.
Transfer molding is a manufacturing process where a casting material is forced into an enclosed mold under pressure to form a casting. There are different types of transfer molding including resin transfer molding (RTM) and vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM). Thermoset polymers and fibers are common materials used. The transfer molding process involves placing the preheated molding compound in a transfer pot, closing the mold, and forcing the compound into the mold cavity under pressure where it cures. Applications include parts for the natural gas, electrical, and automotive industries. Advantages are uniform products and simpler production compared to other molding processes, while disadvantages include more material waste.
The document discusses the design of blow moulded parts and blow moulds. It covers blow moulding applications and considerations for part design such as volume, openings, closures, attachments. It also discusses material selection, parison programming, pinch-off design, neck finishing, venting, and provides a blow mould design checklist. The key factors in blow moulded part and mould design are the material, part size and shape, wall thickness uniformity, openings, and special structural or mechanical requirements of the part.
Compression molding is a process where molten plastic is squeezed into a heated mold under high pressure. It is commonly used for thermosetting plastics like phenolics and urea-formaldehyde. The material is placed in an open mold and compressed until it hardens. This process is slower for thermoplastics which must be cooled before ejection. Compression molding produces parts with good surface finish and wastes little material.
Polymer processing involves converting plastic raw materials into finished products. There are primary, secondary, and tertiary processing methods. The selection of a processing method depends on factors like the product design, material properties, production quantity, and cost. Common primary methods include injection molding, extrusion, blow molding, and compression molding. The polymer properties like water absorption, physical form, thermal stability, and melt flow properties affect the suitable processing technique. Proper consideration of these factors ensures efficient processing and quality product manufacture.
The document discusses various plastic manufacturing processes including compression molding, transfer molding, injection molding, extrusion molding, blow molding, calendaring, thermoforming, and polymer foaming. It provides details on each process such as how it works, advantages, disadvantages, and applications. Key plastic types are also discussed including thermoplastics, thermosets, and different polymer foams.
Pultrusion is a continuous process for manufacture of composite materials with constant cross-section.
It is more widely used in industries where there is a continuous demand of the product
Blow Molding Process on Manufacturing Technology .
Tackles about the definition of Blow molding process, its various types , advantages and disadvantages and the application of it on a manufacturing set-up.
This document discusses different molding processes including structural foam molding, sandwich molding, and their advantages and disadvantages. Structural foam molding is a low pressure injection molding process where gas is introduced into molten polymer to reduce density and weight. It requires less pressure than other molding processes. Sandwich molding involves injecting two or more polymers one after another through the same gate to form a layered part with different materials for the core and skin. This allows for weight reduction and various material combinations. Advantages of these processes include lower costs, weight reduction, design flexibility, and strength to weight ratios. Disadvantages include potential for air bubbles or shrinkage.
Dip casting is a process that involves repeatedly dipping an object into a liquid material to coat it in a thin layer. The dip casting process works by dipping a hot mold or metal object into room temperature liquid plastic or low-melting metals like lead, tin, and zinc, then quickly withdrawing it to leave a thin coating. Dip casting is used in industries like metal, rubber, and plastics to form thin coatings and make products like tool handles, gloves, balloons, and electronic parts for insulation.
The document discusses various plastic processing and manufacturing techniques. It begins by defining polymers and discussing the two types of polymerization - addition and condensation. It then covers classification of plastics based on their behavior when heated, structure, and physical/mechanical properties. Common plastic manufacturing processes like compression molding, transfer molding, and injection molding are explained along with their advantages and applications. Additives used in plastics and properties of plastics are also summarized.
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) is a technique that is widely used to characterize a material’s properties as a function of temperature, time, frequency, stress, atmosphere or a combination of these parameters.
Rotational molding involves heating plastic powder inside a hollow mold that rotates along two axes. This allows the melted plastic to coat the inside surface of the mold uniformly. The rotating mold is then cooled by water, causing the plastic to solidify into the desired shape. Once solidified, the mold is opened and the molded product is removed. Common products made through rotational molding include balls, dolls, water tanks, and boats.
This document discusses different methods of polymer processing, focusing on fiber spin methods. It describes fiber spinning as a process that uses a spinneret to form multiple continuous polymer filaments through extrusion. There are four main types of polymer spinning processes: wet spinning, dry spinning, melt spinning, and gel spinning. Wet spinning involves dissolving polymers in solvent and solidifying fibers in a chemical bath. Dry spinning also uses solvent but solidifies fibers through solvent evaporation. Melt spinning melts polymers and extrudes solidified molten fibers. Gel spinning partially liquifies polymers in a "gel" state to produce strong fibers. The document provides examples and compares advantages and disadvantages of each method.
This document discusses advances in injection moulding technologies, including multi-component injection moulding, in-mould labelling, gas assisted injection moulding, thin wall injection moulding, and micro injection moulding. It provides information on each technology, including their classification, processes involved, advantages, applications, and introductions. The document aims to present new developments in injection moulding that provide benefits such as reduced costs, increased functionality and quality, and new design possibilities.
My presentation on resin transfer molding. Not much description included. For reference i would recommend
" Composite manufacturing by Sanjay Mazumdar".
The document discusses the properties, structure, processing, and applications of polyethylene. It describes the different types and grades of polyethylene based on density, including low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, and high density polyethylene. It covers basic properties like melt flow index and density. It also discusses additives, processing techniques like injection molding and blow molding, and common applications like blow molded containers, pipes, films, and sheeting.
Blow molding is a manufacturing process that uses air pressure to form hollow plastic parts like bottles. The process begins with melting plastic into a tube-shaped preform. The preform is clamped into a mold and air is pumped in to push the plastic against the mold walls. After cooling, the molded part is ejected. Common blow molding methods are extrusion, injection, and stretch blow molding. The process can make various plastic containers and products in industries like food, beverage, automotive, and more.
This presentation includes basics of mold design, important aspects of molds and mold design that will be useful for understanding design, material aspects, and theoretical aspects of mold making and mold engineering. ProE mold design module known as Pro/MOLDESIGN is also briefly explained in the slide.
Extrusion blow molding is a manufacturing process used to make hollow plastic parts like bottles. It begins by melting plastic and extruding it into a tube-like parison. The parison is clamped into a mold and compressed air is injected to push the plastic out against the mold walls. As the plastic cools and hardens, the mold opens and the final part is ejected. Common materials for extrusion blow molding include polyethylene, polypropylene, and PET which must have good melt strength. The process offers low costs due to simple molds but is limited to hollow shapes.
Transfer molding is a manufacturing process where a casting material is forced into an enclosed mold under pressure to form a casting. There are different types of transfer molding including resin transfer molding (RTM) and vacuum assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM). Thermoset polymers and fibers are common materials used. The transfer molding process involves placing the preheated molding compound in a transfer pot, closing the mold, and forcing the compound into the mold cavity under pressure where it cures. Applications include parts for the natural gas, electrical, and automotive industries. Advantages are uniform products and simpler production compared to other molding processes, while disadvantages include more material waste.
The document discusses the design of blow moulded parts and blow moulds. It covers blow moulding applications and considerations for part design such as volume, openings, closures, attachments. It also discusses material selection, parison programming, pinch-off design, neck finishing, venting, and provides a blow mould design checklist. The key factors in blow moulded part and mould design are the material, part size and shape, wall thickness uniformity, openings, and special structural or mechanical requirements of the part.
Compression molding is a process where molten plastic is squeezed into a heated mold under high pressure. It is commonly used for thermosetting plastics like phenolics and urea-formaldehyde. The material is placed in an open mold and compressed until it hardens. This process is slower for thermoplastics which must be cooled before ejection. Compression molding produces parts with good surface finish and wastes little material.
Polymer processing involves converting plastic raw materials into finished products. There are primary, secondary, and tertiary processing methods. The selection of a processing method depends on factors like the product design, material properties, production quantity, and cost. Common primary methods include injection molding, extrusion, blow molding, and compression molding. The polymer properties like water absorption, physical form, thermal stability, and melt flow properties affect the suitable processing technique. Proper consideration of these factors ensures efficient processing and quality product manufacture.
The document discusses various plastic manufacturing processes including compression molding, transfer molding, injection molding, extrusion molding, blow molding, calendaring, thermoforming, and polymer foaming. It provides details on each process such as how it works, advantages, disadvantages, and applications. Key plastic types are also discussed including thermoplastics, thermosets, and different polymer foams.
Pultrusion is a continuous process for manufacture of composite materials with constant cross-section.
It is more widely used in industries where there is a continuous demand of the product
Blow Molding Process on Manufacturing Technology .
Tackles about the definition of Blow molding process, its various types , advantages and disadvantages and the application of it on a manufacturing set-up.
This document discusses different molding processes including structural foam molding, sandwich molding, and their advantages and disadvantages. Structural foam molding is a low pressure injection molding process where gas is introduced into molten polymer to reduce density and weight. It requires less pressure than other molding processes. Sandwich molding involves injecting two or more polymers one after another through the same gate to form a layered part with different materials for the core and skin. This allows for weight reduction and various material combinations. Advantages of these processes include lower costs, weight reduction, design flexibility, and strength to weight ratios. Disadvantages include potential for air bubbles or shrinkage.
Dip casting is a process that involves repeatedly dipping an object into a liquid material to coat it in a thin layer. The dip casting process works by dipping a hot mold or metal object into room temperature liquid plastic or low-melting metals like lead, tin, and zinc, then quickly withdrawing it to leave a thin coating. Dip casting is used in industries like metal, rubber, and plastics to form thin coatings and make products like tool handles, gloves, balloons, and electronic parts for insulation.
The document discusses various plastic processing and manufacturing techniques. It begins by defining polymers and discussing the two types of polymerization - addition and condensation. It then covers classification of plastics based on their behavior when heated, structure, and physical/mechanical properties. Common plastic manufacturing processes like compression molding, transfer molding, and injection molding are explained along with their advantages and applications. Additives used in plastics and properties of plastics are also summarized.
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) is a technique that is widely used to characterize a material’s properties as a function of temperature, time, frequency, stress, atmosphere or a combination of these parameters.
Rotational molding involves heating plastic powder inside a hollow mold that rotates along two axes. This allows the melted plastic to coat the inside surface of the mold uniformly. The rotating mold is then cooled by water, causing the plastic to solidify into the desired shape. Once solidified, the mold is opened and the molded product is removed. Common products made through rotational molding include balls, dolls, water tanks, and boats.
This document discusses different methods of polymer processing, focusing on fiber spin methods. It describes fiber spinning as a process that uses a spinneret to form multiple continuous polymer filaments through extrusion. There are four main types of polymer spinning processes: wet spinning, dry spinning, melt spinning, and gel spinning. Wet spinning involves dissolving polymers in solvent and solidifying fibers in a chemical bath. Dry spinning also uses solvent but solidifies fibers through solvent evaporation. Melt spinning melts polymers and extrudes solidified molten fibers. Gel spinning partially liquifies polymers in a "gel" state to produce strong fibers. The document provides examples and compares advantages and disadvantages of each method.
This document discusses advances in injection moulding technologies, including multi-component injection moulding, in-mould labelling, gas assisted injection moulding, thin wall injection moulding, and micro injection moulding. It provides information on each technology, including their classification, processes involved, advantages, applications, and introductions. The document aims to present new developments in injection moulding that provide benefits such as reduced costs, increased functionality and quality, and new design possibilities.
My presentation on resin transfer molding. Not much description included. For reference i would recommend
" Composite manufacturing by Sanjay Mazumdar".
The document discusses the properties, structure, processing, and applications of polyethylene. It describes the different types and grades of polyethylene based on density, including low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, and high density polyethylene. It covers basic properties like melt flow index and density. It also discusses additives, processing techniques like injection molding and blow molding, and common applications like blow molded containers, pipes, films, and sheeting.
Blow molding is a manufacturing process that uses air pressure to form hollow plastic parts like bottles. The process begins with melting plastic into a tube-shaped preform. The preform is clamped into a mold and air is pumped in to push the plastic against the mold walls. After cooling, the molded part is ejected. Common blow molding methods are extrusion, injection, and stretch blow molding. The process can make various plastic containers and products in industries like food, beverage, automotive, and more.
This presentation includes basics of mold design, important aspects of molds and mold design that will be useful for understanding design, material aspects, and theoretical aspects of mold making and mold engineering. ProE mold design module known as Pro/MOLDESIGN is also briefly explained in the slide.
Injection molding is a manufacturing process used to produce plastic parts. It involves injecting molten plastic into a closed mold cavity, allowing it to cool and solidify into the shape of the cavity. There are three main functional units in injection molding: injection, mold, and clamping. Common materials used are thermoplastics like polystyrene, ABS, nylon and polypropylene. Injection molding can produce parts at high volumes for applications like consumer goods, automotive and industrial parts. The document provides details on the injection molding process, types of machines, materials used and applications.
Extrusion molding is a process that uses heat and pressure to form plastic into continuous lengths with uniform cross-sections like pipes, rods, or sheets. The plastic is fed into an extruder which heats and melts it before forcing it through a die. The shape of the die determines the shape of the extruded plastic. Common products made through extrusion molding include pipes, hoses, siding, fencing, deck railings, and plastic bags.
Blow molding is a manufacturing process that uses air pressure to form hollow plastic parts like bottles. There are three main blow molding processes: extrusion blow molding where a tube of molten plastic (parison) is captured in a mold and inflated, injection blow molding where a preform is first injection molded and then blown, and stretch blow molding where preforms are first made via injection molding and then reheated and blown into shape. Blow molding can make parts from various plastics like PET, HDPE, and PP. It is used widely to make containers and bottles for foods, drinks, chemicals and more.
Blow molding is a manufacturing process that uses air pressure to form hollow plastic parts. A heated plastic tube called a parison is placed in a mold and air is blown into the parison, causing it to expand and take the shape of the mold cavity. There are two main types of blow molding: extrusion blow molding, where the parison is continuously extruded, and injection blow molding. Rotary wheel and shuttle machinery are common methods for extrusion blow molding that differ in how the molds are arranged.
Blow molding is a manufacturing process that uses air pressure to form hollow plastic parts. A heated plastic tube called a parison is placed in a mold cavity. Air is then blown into the parison, causing it to expand and take the shape of the mold. There are two main types of blow molding: extrusion and injection blow molding. Extrusion blow molding is the most common type and involves continuously extruding a plastic tube and blowing it into molds to form parts like bottles.
This document discusses various plastic molding techniques used in manufacturing. It describes the key parts and processes for common molding types like injection molding, blow molding, compression molding, and rotational molding. The core components of any plastic mold include the cavity, core, sprue bush, guide pillars and bushes, and register ring. Proper alignment of the mold halves is important to ensure an even-walled product. Cavities and cores can be machined directly into the mold plates or incorporated as separate inserts.
This document provides information about various polymer processing techniques taught in a polymer engineering fundamentals course. It discusses casting, slush molding, extrusion, injection molding, compression molding, rotational molding, fiber spinning, film extrusion methods, blow molding techniques, and secondary shaping processes. Examples and basic process descriptions are provided for each technique.
Injection molding and blow molding are pivotal processes in mechanical engineering, particularly in the production of plastic components.
These methods enable the efficient mass production of complex plastic parts and products, serving various industries.
Injection molding involves injecting molten plastic into molds to create precise shapes, while blow molding uses air pressure to form hollow plastic objects.
This document provides information on various thermoplastic processes including extrusion, injection molding, blow molding, and thermoforming. It discusses the key steps and applications for each process. Extrusion is described as a high volume process that produces continuous profiles by melting and shaping plastic material. Injection molding uses heated plastic that is forced into a mold to produce discrete components. Blow molding employs air pressure to inflate heated plastic into hollow shapes like bottles. Thermoforming uses heated plastic sheets that are drawn into molds to form shaped items.
The document discusses blow molding, which is a widely used process for producing hollow plastic objects like bottles. It involves extruding a plastic tube called a parison and then inflating it inside a mold cavity to take the shape of the mold. There are different types of blow molding machines and methods depending on how the parison is formed, such as extrusion blow molding which uses an extruded tube and injection blow molding which uses an injection molded preform. Key parts of the blow molding process include the extruder, die assembly, mold, and mechanisms for closing the mold and injecting air to inflate the parison. A variety of plastic materials can be blow molded such as PE, PP, PET
The document discusses the blow moulding process. Blow moulding is used to produce hollow plastic objects like bottles in a low-cost and simple way. It involves melting plastic material, extruding it into a tube (parison), placing the parison inside a mould, and injecting air to inflate the parison against the mould walls. Common plastic materials used are PE, PVC, PET and others. The key components of blow moulding machines are the extruder to form the parison and the moulding unit. Extrusion blow moulding is the main method where the parison is extruded continuously or intermittently before moulding.
The document provides information on the history, process, types of machines, and components of injection moulding. It discusses:
- The origins of injection moulding dating back to 1870, with major developments in the 1950s in Germany.
- The injection moulding process involves injecting molten plastic into a closed mould to form solid parts.
- The main types of injection moulding machines: hand, plunger, and reciprocating screw types.
- Key components of the reciprocating screw machine including the feeding, compressing and metering zones, and machine operation sequence of injecting, packing, cooling and ejecting.
The document provides an overview of injection moulding, including:
- The history of injection moulding beginning in the 1870s.
- The injection moulding process which involves injecting molten plastic into a closed mould.
- The main types of injection moulding machines: hand, plunger, and reciprocating screw types.
- Key machine components like the screw and their functions in plasticizing and injecting the material.
- Common materials used for injection moulding like ABS, nylon, polypropylene.
The document discusses processing of plastics and describes various plastic processing methods including injection molding, extrusion, blow molding, compression molding, transfer molding, foam injection molding, calendering, and rotational molding. It provides details of each method and examples of parts produced through each method. It also discusses considerations for designing injection molded parts such as proper flow of plastic, uniform thickness, and gate location.
Blow moulding is a manufacturing process where hollow plastic parts are formed by clamping a heated plastic tube called a parison into a mold and injecting compressed air to push the parison into the shape of the mold cavity. There are three main types of blow moulding: extrusion blow moulding, injection blow moulding, and stretch blow moulding. Blow moulding is commonly used to produce containers and bottles for liquids like milk, pharmaceuticals, and antifreeze due to its ability to produce parts at both low and high production rates at a relatively low cost.
Compression and transfer molding are processes used primarily for thermosetting plastics. In compression molding, the plastic charge is placed directly into a heated mold cavity and formed under pressure. Transfer molding injects melted plastic into molds through narrow channels. Both processes form parts like dishware, pot handles, ski components, and rubber shoe soles under heat and pressure in heated molds.
Extrusion is a continuous process that produces solid or hollow products of constant cross-section like pipes or profiles. Molten plastic is fed into a heated barrel by a screw and forced through a die. Injection moulding injects molten plastic into a mould cavity under pressure to form complex shapes. Blow moulding uses compressed air to inflate a hollow tube of plastic against a mould. Vacuum forming uses heat and vacuum pressure to form plastic sheets over moulds. Compression moulding uses heat and pressure to cure thermoset plastics in a mould. Rotational moulding rotates a mould containing plastic powder to coat the inside with a uniform layer that is then
The document provides information on injection molding and blow molding processes. Injection molding uses an injection unit to melt plastic, which is then injected into a mold cavity to form discrete parts. It is well-suited for making parts with variable cross-sections. Blow molding involves melting plastic, forming a preform tube, and then blowing the tube into a mold cavity to form a hollow shape. There are two main types: extrusion blow molding uses extrusion to form the preform tube, while injection blow molding uses injection molding. Blow molding is principally used to make bottles and other containers where the mouth is smaller than the body.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
Get an inside look at the latest Neo4j innovations that enable relationship-driven intelligence at scale. Learn more about the newest cloud integrations and product enhancements that make Neo4j an essential choice for developers building apps with interconnected data and generative AI.
20 Comprehensive Checklist of Designing and Developing a WebsitePixlogix Infotech
Dive into the world of Website Designing and Developing with Pixlogix! Looking to create a stunning online presence? Look no further! Our comprehensive checklist covers everything you need to know to craft a website that stands out. From user-friendly design to seamless functionality, we've got you covered. Don't miss out on this invaluable resource! Check out our checklist now at Pixlogix and start your journey towards a captivating online presence today.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Building RAG with self-deployed Milvus vector database and Snowpark Container...Zilliz
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Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
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TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
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Enchancing adoption of Open Source Libraries. A case study on Albumentations.AIVladimir Iglovikov, Ph.D.
Presented by Vladimir Iglovikov:
- https://www.linkedin.com/in/iglovikov/
- https://x.com/viglovikov
- https://www.instagram.com/ternaus/
This presentation delves into the journey of Albumentations.ai, a highly successful open-source library for data augmentation.
Created out of a necessity for superior performance in Kaggle competitions, Albumentations has grown to become a widely used tool among data scientists and machine learning practitioners.
This case study covers various aspects, including:
People: The contributors and community that have supported Albumentations.
Metrics: The success indicators such as downloads, daily active users, GitHub stars, and financial contributions.
Challenges: The hurdles in monetizing open-source projects and measuring user engagement.
Development Practices: Best practices for creating, maintaining, and scaling open-source libraries, including code hygiene, CI/CD, and fast iteration.
Community Building: Strategies for making adoption easy, iterating quickly, and fostering a vibrant, engaged community.
Marketing: Both online and offline marketing tactics, focusing on real, impactful interactions and collaborations.
Mental Health: Maintaining balance and not feeling pressured by user demands.
Key insights include the importance of automation, making the adoption process seamless, and leveraging offline interactions for marketing. The presentation also emphasizes the need for continuous small improvements and building a friendly, inclusive community that contributes to the project's growth.
Vladimir Iglovikov brings his extensive experience as a Kaggle Grandmaster, ex-Staff ML Engineer at Lyft, sharing valuable lessons and practical advice for anyone looking to enhance the adoption of their open-source projects.
Explore more about Albumentations and join the community at:
GitHub: https://github.com/albumentations-team/albumentations
Website: https://albumentations.ai/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/100504475
Twitter: https://x.com/albumentations
2. Blow Molding
• Blow molding (also blow forming) is a manufacturing process by which
hollow plastic parts are formed.
• In general, there are three main types of blow molding:
– Extrusion blow molding
– Injection blow molding
– Stretch blow molding
Swimming pool ladder
3. Blow Molding
• The blow molding process begins with melting down the plastic and
forming it into a parison or preform.
• The parison is a tube-like piece of plastic with a hole in one end in which
compressed air can pass through.
4. Blow Molding
• The parison is then clamped into a mold and air is pumped into it.
• The air pressure then pushes the plastic out to match the mold.
• Once the plastic has cooled and hardened the mold opens up and the part is
ejected.
12. Blow Molding
Extrusion blow molding:
• In extrusion blow molding (EBM), plastic is melted and extruded into a
hollow tube (a parison).
• This parison is then captured by closing it into a cooled metal mold.
• Air is then blown into the parison, inflating it into the shape of the hollow
bottle, container or part.
• After the plastic has cooled sufficiently, the mold is opened and the part is
ejected.
14. Blow Molding
Extrusion blow molding:
• Continuous and Intermittent are two variations of Extrusion Blow Molding.
• In Continuous Extrusion Blow Molding the parison is extruded
continuously and the individual parts are cut off by a suitable knife.
Toy
Fuel tank
15. Blow Molding
Extrusion blow molding:
• In Intermittent blow molding there are two processes:
– Straight intermittent is similar to injection molding whereby the screw
turns, then stops and pushes the melt out.
– With the accumulator method, an accumulator gathers melted plastic
and when the previous mold has cooled and enough plastic has
accumulated, a rod pushes the melted plastic and forms the parison. In
this case the screw may turn continuously or intermittently.
BucketCane
16.
17. Blow Molding
Injection blow molding:
• The process of injection blow molding (IBM) is used for the production of
hollow glass and plastic objects in large quantities.
• In the IBM process, the polymer is injection molded onto a core pin; then
the core pin is rotated to a blow molding station to be inflated and cooled.
Traffic cones
Shampoo bottles Support bases
18. Blow Molding
Injection blow molding:
• This is the least-used of the three blow molding processes, and is typically
used to make small medical and single serve bottles.
• The process is divided into three steps:
– Injection
– Blowing
– Ejection
Filters
Washing machine
body
Fence feet
19. Blow Molding
• The injection blow molding machine is based on an extruder barrel and
screw assembly which melts the polymer.
• The molten polymer is fed into a manifold where it is injected through
nozzles into a hollow, heated preform mold.
• The preform mold forms the external shape and is clamped around a
mandrel (the core rod) which forms the internal shape of the preform.
Vacuum tank
Bird house
20. Blow Molding
• The preform consists of a fully formed bottle/jar neck with a thick tube of
polymer attached, which will form the body.
• The preform mold opens and the core rod is rotated and clamped into the
hollow, chilled blow mold.
• The core rod opens and allows compressed air into the preform, which
inflates it to the finished article shape.
Mailbox post
Insecticide
sprayers
21. Blow Molding
• After a cooling period the blow mold opens and the core rod is rotated to
the ejection position.
• The finished article is stripped off the core rod and leak-tested prior to
packing.
• The preform and blow mold can have many cavities, typically three to
sixteen depending on the article size and the required output.
• There are three sets of core rods, which allow concurrent preform injection,
blow molding and ejection.
Dust binsPumpkin
24. Blow Molding
Stretch blow molding process:
• In the stretch blow molding (SBM) process, the plastic is first molded into
a "preform" using the injection molding process.
• These preforms are produced with the necks of the bottles, including
threads (the "finish") on one end.
Storage shed
Tool cases
25. Blow Molding
Stretch blow molding process:
• These preforms are packaged, and fed later (after cooling) into a reheat
stretch blow molding machine.
• In the SBM process, the preforms are heated (typically using infrared
heaters) above their glass transition temperature, then blown using high
pressure air into bottles using metal blow molds.
Patio blocks
Portable
spa
26.
27. Blow Molding
• The preform is always stretched with a core rod as part of the process.
• In the single-stage process both preform manufacture and bottle blowing
are performed in the same machine.
• The stretching of some polymers, such as PET (polyethylene teraphthalate)
results in strain hardening of the resin, allowing the bottles to resist
deforming under the pressures formed by carbonated beverages, which
typically approach 60 psi.
Snow board
Hockey stick
29. Blow Molding
• The main applications are bottles, jars and other containers.
• Advantages of blow molding include: low tool and die cost; fast production
rates; ability to mold complex part; produces recyclable parts
• Disadvantages of blow molding include: limited to hollow parts, wall
thickness is hard to control.
Spa pillow
32. Blow Molding
• It is usually a requirement that the blown container is rigid, and rigidity
depends on wall thickness among other factors.
• We can relate wall thickness of the blown container to the starting extruded
parison, assuming a cylindrical shape for the final product.
• There is also an effect of die swell on the parison.
• The mean diameter of the tube as it exits the die ‘Dp’ is determined by the
mean die diameter ‘Dd’.
• Die swell causes expansion to a mean parison diameter.
34. Blow Molding
• At the same time, wall thickness swells from td to tP .
• The swell ratio of the parison diameter is given by:
• While the swell ratio for the wall thickness is:
35. Blow Molding
• The swelling of the wall thickness is proportional to the square of the
diameter swelling; that is
• Therefore,
36. Blow Molding
• When the parison is inflated to the blow mold diameter Dm with the
corresponding reduction in wall thickness to tm and assuming constant
volume of cross section, we have
• Solving for tm we obtain:
37. Blow Molding
• Substituting the values of DP and TP :
• The amount of die swell in the initial extrusion process can be measured by
direct observation; and the dimensions of the die are known.
• Thus, we can determine the wall thickness on the blow-molded container.
38. Blow Molding
• Given the wall thickness of the molded container, an expression can be
developed for the maximum air pressure that avoids bursting of the parison
during inflation.
• An equation borrowed from strength of materials relates stress to internal
pressure ‘p’ in a pipe, given its diameter D and wall thickness t:
39. Blow Molding
• Reasoning that the maximum stress will occur just before the parison is
expected to the size of the blow mold diameter (this is when ‘D’ will be
maximum and ‘t’ will be minimum), and rearranging equation to solve for
‘p’, we get
40. Blow Molding
• Where p=air pressure used during blow molding, Pa (lb/in2):
• σ= maximum allowable tensile stress in the polymer during inflation, Pa
(lb/in2) ; and
• t and D are wall thickness and diameter, respectively, of the molding, m
(in.).
• The difficulty in using the formula is in determining the allowable stress
since the polymer is in a heated and highly plastic condition.
• In an industrial operation, the process parameters are tuned by trial and
error.
41. Blow Molding
• Assignment
• Marks: 05 (Lab)
• Submission date: 24-09-2014
• Write the names of the industries along with products relying on blow
molding process for the packaging of their products.