This document discusses blood pressure measurement. It defines systolic and diastolic blood pressure as the maximum and minimum pressures in the arteries. It describes Korotkoff sounds which are used to measure blood pressure. It explains the normal blood pressure range and the different methods for measuring blood pressure directly and indirectly. It emphasizes the importance of properly maintaining equipment and using appropriate techniques for accurate measurement.

1. Presented By-
Abhradip Khanra
B.Pharm(1st year)
Sec-A
Roll No-15

2.  Introduction.
 Blood pressure basics.
 Korotkoff Sound.
 Measurement.
 Methods of Measurement.

3.  In general an individual’s “Blood Pressure”(systemic arterial
pressure) refers to the pressure measured within large arteries in
the systemic circulation . This number splits into systolic blood
pressure and diastolic blood pressure.
 Systolic pressure refers to the maximum pressure within the large
arteries when the heart muscle contracts to propel blood through
the body.
 Diastolic pressure describers the lowest pressure within the large
arteries during heart muscle relaxation between beating.

4.  The pressure of the blood in the circulatory system.
 Blood pressure is represente
d as two parameters(Systolic
Blood pressure &Diastolic Bloo
d pressure).
 A normal average blood pre
ssure in a human being is 120/80
mm Hg.
Or,120mm mercury systolic pressure
and 80mm mercury of diastolic blood press
ure.
 Blood pressure is also vital because it delivers white blood cells and
antibodies for immunity, and hormones such as insulin.

5. 1. Phase I-The pressure level at which the first faint , clear tapping
sounds are heard , which increase as the cuff is deflated.
2. Phase II-During cuff deflation when a murmur or swishing
sounds are heard.
3. Phase III-The period during which sounds are crisper and
increase in intensity.
4. Phase IV-When a distinct, abrupt muffling of sound is heard.
5. Phase V-The pressure level when the last sound is heard.

6.  BP is recorded in millimeters of mercury-mm
Hg.
 The systolic reading is written first , followed
by the diastolic , for example-140/80 mm Hg.
A )Hypertension in adults is B ) Hypotension in adults is defined
defined as a systolic pres as a diastolic pressure of less than
sure of more than 140 mm 100 mm Hg.
Hg.

7.  Direct:-intra-arterial recording . Invasive
technique usually performed in areas where
patients continually monitored , such as high
dependency units and theatres.
 Indirect:-more commonly performed . Measure
the BP in the brachial artery of the arm.

8.  The measurement of blood pressure is one of the most
commonly performed procedures in clinical medicine and
should be done carefully.
 The main causes of misleading readings should be
highlighted in training.
 Defective or inappropriate equipment must not be used. A
phased maintenance programme is essential and
inexpensive.
 A maintenance programme should be defined for each
clinical area where blood pressure measurements are made.
 Special consideration has to be given to the technique of
blood pressure measurement in special groups, such as
children, the obese, the elderly and pregnant women.
 The products created in this project will be important and
useful resources for future education on Blood pressure.

9. Last sited from-
 https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/meducationdotn
et/basics-of-taking-a-blood-pressure,on 08th dec,2020
 https://www.slideserve.com/yule/blood-
pressure-measurement-sharon-jones,on 08th
dec,2020