Medical Presentation

1. BLEEDINGDONE BY : NOEL CHRISTIAN
Group 6

2. What is Bleeding?
Bleeding, or hemorrhage, is the name used to describe
blood loss due to rupture of blood vessel.

3. Types of Bleeding
 Internal bleeding :
blood loss inside the body.
 External bleeding :
blood loss outside of the body.

4. Classification of Bleeding
1. Arterial bleeding:
- blood comes
from artery
- blood is bright red
in color
- blood comes in jets
- blood loss is rapid
- can cause death
easily
2. Venous Bleeding:
- blood comes from
veins
- blood is dark red in
color
- blood flows as a
continuous stream
3. Capillary bleeding:
- blood comes from
capillaries
- blood slow and
oozes
- less red than arterial
bleeding
- not serious

6. Signs & Symptoms
• Faint & giddiness
• Cold and clammy skin
• Weak and rapid pulse
• Shallow breathing with gasps
• Profuse sweating
• Thirst
• Blurred vision
• unconciousness

7. Controlling External Bleeding
Direct Pressure
Can be applied by
• First aider’s hands
• Pressure applied for 10 to
30 minutes
• After control, apply firm
bandage
• Don’t remove dressing

8. Elevation
• Used same time as direct
pressure
• Above the level of the
heart
• Gravity helps to lower
blood pressure &
bleeding is slowed
• Not to be used in the case
of fracture or spinal
injuries

9. Tourniquet
• Extremity injury only
• Once applied don’t
remove

10. The don'ts
 Don’t peek into the wound to see if the bleeding has
stopped.
 Don’t pull any object out of the wound this can cause
more bleeding.
 Don’t remove dressing if it gets soaked with blood, just
add another layer of bandage.
 Don’t clean large wounds, can cause heavier bleeding.
 Don’t clean wound after controlling bleeding. Get
medical help.

11. Alternative methods
Pressure points
is where the main artery lies towards the surface and
over the bone
There are 22 pressure points.
11 on each side

13. Splinting
 Use to control bleeding
 Stabilizes
 Not effective for arterial bleeding
 Maintains pressure

14. Special situations
Nose bleeds (Epistaxis)
Controlling:-
* have patient sit down and lean forward
* you or patient apply direct pressure
* keep patient calm
* do not let patient lean back
* if unconscious position patient on side

17. Head injuries
* fractured skull
* loss of CSF
* do not attempt to stop bleeding

18. Internal bleeding

19. Suspected when
 Wounds that have penetrated the skull
 Blood from ears and nose
 Patient vomiting or coughing blood
 Bruising
 Blood in the urine
 Rectal or vaginal bleeding
 Fractures
 Tenderness, rigid abdomen

20. Signs & Symptoms
 Injuries to body surface
 Bruising
 Pain, swelling or deformed extremities
 Bleeding from orifices
 Tender, rigid, distended abdomen
 Vomiting
 Dark tarry stool or bright red blood
 Signs & symptoms of shock

21. Management
o Lay casualty down with head low, to ensure blood
supply to brain
o Raise legs, if no fracture
o Control serious external bleeding
o Loosen tight clothing
o Check vital signs and responsiveness (10 min interval)
o If unconscious, open airway and resuscitate if necessary
o After recovery put in recovery position
o Keep casualty covered
o Keep record of any specimen passed or vomited
o Shift to hospital
o Do not give anything to drink or eat