Uploaded byOm Prakash
Black gram
Black gram, also known as urdbean, is mostly cultivated in India which accounts for 70% of global production. It has various varieties that differ in traits like color, size, and maturity period. The document discusses the taxonomy, origin, classification, popular varieties, hybrids, selections, and mutants of black gram. It provides details on high yielding varieties like LBG-17 and mutants like CO-4 which is resistant to diseases.
More Related Content
Black gram
- 1. BLACK GRAM Presented By: OmPrakash (2016-41-444)
- 2. INTRODUCTION • Blackgram orUrdbean (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) is known by various names in India. It is cultivated in different seasons in India i.e., in kharif as a mixture with cereals, pigeonpea, etc. in rabi and zaid as pure culture. • About 70% of world’s blackgram production comes from India. India is the world’s largest producer as well as the largest consumer of blackgram.
- 3. TAXANOMIC STATUS Scientific Name-Vigna mungo L • Systematic Position; Kingdom :Plantae Division :Spermatophyte Sub-division :Angiosperm Class :Dicotyledon Family :Fabaceae Sub-family :Papilionaceae Genus :Vigna Sub-genus :Ceratoropis Species :mungo
- 4. ORIGIN • De Candole(1986)is of opinion that Black Gram has originated in India as is seen form vedic literarure. • Zukovskji (1962) has reported that Black gram originated from Vigna sublobata which grows wild from India to Indonesia. • So Vigna sublobata is the progenitor of Black gram (Vigna mungo)
- 5. CLASSIFICATION Vigna mungo issubdivided into two species; i. Vigna mungo var. viridis : The seeds of this species are of small in size and green in colour. In this group, the varieties have longer maturirty period. Chromosome number is 2n=24. ii. Vigna mungo var. niger : The seeds of this species are bold and black in colour. Chromosome num,ber is 2n=24.
- 6. SOME VARITIES, HYBRIDS, SELECTIONSAND MUTANTS Type Examples Varities LGB-17, OBG 17, WB-108, ADT-1, etc. Hybrids TAU-2, KM-1, KM-2, ADT-2, Pusa-1, etc. Selection CO-1, CO-2, CO-3, T-9, Mash 414, etc. Mutants Vamban 2, CO-4
- 7.
- 8. LBG-17 • Maturity: 120days • Yield: 8-10 q/ha • Remarks: Plant is erect, seeds are bold and black. • Area of cultivation: Himachal Pradesh
- 9. Ujala (OBG 17) •Maturity: 70 days • Yield: 760kg/ha • Remarks: Suitable for kharif season, seeds brownish black, early maturing, resistance to powdery mildew, YMV and Cercospora leaf spot. • Area of cultivation: Odisha
- 10.
- 11. TAU-2 • Centre ResponsibleFor Developing: BARC, Bombay • Pedigree: T-9 x U-196 • Year Of Release: 1993 • Average Yield: 10 q/ha • Days To Maturity: 70days • Other Information: Suited for partially shaded condition in coconut garden during rabi season in southern region.
- 12. KBG-512 • Centre ResponsibleFor Developing: Kovilpatti,TNAU • Pedigree: CO-3 x US-131 • Year Of Release: 1996 • Average Yield: 7.7 q/ha • Days To Maturity: 70-75days • Reaction To Major Insect Pest And Disease: Tolerant to leaf spot disease and stem fly. •Other Information: Area of adaptability is Tamil Nadu
- 13.
- 14. CO-2 • Selected VarietyFrom: P-166 • Year of release and Place: 1975 in TNAU • Yield: 5-8 q/ha • Maturity: 65 days • Other Information: Seeds are bold and black colour, suitable variety for multiple cropping
- 15. T-9 • Selected VarietyFrom: Local material • Year of release and Place: 1948 in Bareilly, UP • Yield: 8-10 q/ha • Maturity: 85-90 days • Other Information: Dwarf and semi erect with dark green leaves and hairy pods. Seeds medium bold and black in colour. Suitable for cultivation for summer and spring season.
- 16.
- 17. Vamban 2 • Mutantof T-9 • Year of release and Place: 1997 in TNAU • Yield: 8.2 q/ha • Maturity: 70 days • Other Information: Resistance to YMV.
- 18. CO-4 • Induced mutantof CO-1 • Year of release and Place: 1978 in TNAU • Yield: 60 q/ha • Maturity: 70 days • Other Information: Seeds bold and black in colour.