This document provides an overview of biotechnology, including: 1) Biotechnology is the application of technology to living organisms to modify their biological functions by adding genes from other organisms. 2) Genetic engineering is the process of making changes to the DNA code of living organisms in order to produce desired traits or products. 3) Biotechnology has applications in various fields like medicine, agriculture, environment, and food processing. It is used to develop products like genetically engineered crops, biopharmaceuticals, and synthetic fibers like spider silk.

1. BY:LATIF-
HYDER-WADHO

2. What is Biotechnology?
General Definition
The application of technology to improve
a biological organism
Detailed Definition
The application of the technology to modify the
biological function of an organism by adding genes
from another organism
A wide ranging scientific field which includes the manipulation
of living organisms that results in new products or processes by
that cell.

3. Gregor Johann Mendel
Discovered the Laws Governing
the Genetic Inheritance of Traits
by Scientific Experimentation.
Founded Modern Genetics.

4. Gene - a piece of DNA that controls the
expression of a trait
Allele - the alternate forms of a gene

8. Genetic Engineering
The process of making changes in the DNA code of
living organisms

9. But nature does not contain all the
genetic variation man desires
•Fruits with vaccines
•Grains with improved nutrition

10. Virus resistant tomato

11. NORMAL
RICE
GOLDEN
RICE

12. Genetically Engineered
Products

13. Clothing (Spider Silk)
 Elastic, light weight fiber 5 times stronger than steel
 One method involves inserting the gene from a
weaving spider into a fertilized goat egg. The
resultant “spider-goat” produces milk that can be
manufactured into strong fibers.

14. Spider Silk
 To make flak jackets,
rope, textiles, sutures,
artificial tendons, and
bandages for burn
victims

15. Synthetic biology
Creating lifelike characteristics
through the use of chemicals
Based on creating structures
similar to those found in living
organisms

16. Molecular Biotechnology
Changing the genetic make-up of an organism
Altering the structure and parts of cells
Uses genetic engineering, molecular mapping and
similar processes

17.  Medicine
 Agriculture
 Environment
 Forestry
 Food and beverage processing

18. Medicine
Some new developments delve into the
hereditary material of humans known as gene
therapy
Therapeutant - product used to maintain
health or prevent disease
Biopharmaceuticals – drug or vaccine
developed through Biotechnology
Called designer drugs

19. Environmental
Problems naturally solved by
microorganisms such as bacteria,
fungi break down contaminant into a
form less harmful or not harmful

20. Plant Biotechnology
Improve plants and the products
produced from them
Insect and disease resistance
Engineered to have desired
characteristics

21. Animal Biotechnology
Improve animals or the
products they produce
Animals may be used to
produce products that promote
human health

22. Food and Beverages
Use of technology in producing
and processing
Some Biotechnology principles
have been employed for hundreds
of years
Yeast in baking bread

23. Efficiency
Must keep the cost of improving products as low as
possible
Biotechnology results in greater efficiency
Results in trees that grow faster and produce wood
that is more desirable

24. Biotechnology
Biotechnology helps to meet our basic needs.
Food, clothing, shelter, health and safety
Used to make products more useful or
desirable………..

26. THANK
YOU