The document discusses the tissue level of organization, focusing on glandular epithelium, connective tissue, and their types. It describes glandular epithelium as tissue that secretes substances into ducts, onto surfaces, or into the blood. It identifies two main types of glands - exocrine glands that secrete into ducts and endocrine glands that secrete directly into the bloodstream. Connective tissue is described as a extensive tissue that connects and supports other tissues. Several cell types within connective tissue are identified, including fibroblasts, macrophages, plasma cells, and adipocytes. The document outlines different categories of connective tissue such as loose connective tissue, dense regular tissue, and elastic tissue.
Tissues = groups of cells that are similar in structure and function.
Protection Skin protects from sunlight & bacteria & physical damage.AbsorptionLining of small intestine, absorbing nutrients into bloodFiltrationLining of Kidney tubules filtering wastes from blood plasmaSecretionDifferent glands produce perspiration, oil, digestive enzymes and mucus
What is tissue?
Tissue is a group of cells which work together to perform a particular
functions.
Several kinds of tissue grouped together to form an organ.
Branch of biology that deals with the study of tissue is known as histology.
Word animal tissue was coined by – Bichat
Study of tissue – Histology
Histology word was given by – Mayar
Father of Histology – Bichat
Study of tissue is also called Microscopic anatomy.
Founder of microscopic anatomy – Marcello Malpighi
Categories of Tissues
Epithelium
Connective
Muscle
Nervous
Epithelium
Lines, covers, and protects other tissues and organs.
Characterized by:
Cells tightly junked together
The presence of a cell secretion called the basement membrane.
Named by:
Cell shape
Other characteristics of the cells.
Squamous, Cuboidal, and Columnar
Cuboidal Epithelium
Cells cube shaped- secretion and absorption.
Kidney tubules
Duct and small glands
Surface of ovary
Connective Tissue
Characterized by the cells widely separated from each other in a matrix that is produced by the cells.
Tissue protects and supports.
Cell Matrix composed of two regions
Ground
Liquid (sol), Gel, Gum or solid
Fibers
Non-elastic (= white or Collagen)
Elastic (= yellow fibers)
Types of Connective tissue
Tissues = groups of cells that are similar in structure and function.
Protection Skin protects from sunlight & bacteria & physical damage.AbsorptionLining of small intestine, absorbing nutrients into bloodFiltrationLining of Kidney tubules filtering wastes from blood plasmaSecretionDifferent glands produce perspiration, oil, digestive enzymes and mucus
What is tissue?
Tissue is a group of cells which work together to perform a particular
functions.
Several kinds of tissue grouped together to form an organ.
Branch of biology that deals with the study of tissue is known as histology.
Word animal tissue was coined by – Bichat
Study of tissue – Histology
Histology word was given by – Mayar
Father of Histology – Bichat
Study of tissue is also called Microscopic anatomy.
Founder of microscopic anatomy – Marcello Malpighi
Categories of Tissues
Epithelium
Connective
Muscle
Nervous
Epithelium
Lines, covers, and protects other tissues and organs.
Characterized by:
Cells tightly junked together
The presence of a cell secretion called the basement membrane.
Named by:
Cell shape
Other characteristics of the cells.
Squamous, Cuboidal, and Columnar
Cuboidal Epithelium
Cells cube shaped- secretion and absorption.
Kidney tubules
Duct and small glands
Surface of ovary
Connective Tissue
Characterized by the cells widely separated from each other in a matrix that is produced by the cells.
Tissue protects and supports.
Cell Matrix composed of two regions
Ground
Liquid (sol), Gel, Gum or solid
Fibers
Non-elastic (= white or Collagen)
Elastic (= yellow fibers)
Types of Connective tissue
Course Descriptions of Language Subject Areas and Goals of Language Teaching
English Elementary
English Secondary
Filipino Elementarya
Filipino Sekondarya
Detailed Lesson Plan (ENGLISH, MATH, SCIENCE, FILIPINO)Junnie Salud
Thanks everybody! The lesson plans presented were actually outdated and can still be improved. I was also a college student when I did these. There were minor errors but the important thing is, the structure and flow of activities (for an hour-long class) are included here. I appreciate all of your comments! Please like my fan page on facebook search for JUNNIE SALUD.
*The detailed LP for English is from Ms. Juliana Patricia Tenzasas. I just revised it a little.
For questions about education-related matters, you can directly email me at mr_junniesalud@yahoo.com
Tissue Definition
Tissues are groups of cells that have a similar structure and act together to perform a specific function. The word tissue comes from a form of an old French verb meaning “to weave”. There are four different types of tissues in animals: connective, muscle, nervous, and epithelial. In plants, tissues are divided into three types: vascular, ground, and epidermal. Groups of tissues make up organs in the body such as the brain and heart.
Types of Animal Tissues
Connective
Connective tissue connects or separates groups of other tissues. It is found in between all the other tissues and organs in the body. Connective tissue is made up of cells and ground substance, which is a gel that surrounds cells. Most connective tissue, except for lymph and blood, also contains fibers, which are long, narrow proteins. Fibers can be collagenous, which bind bones to tissues; elastic, which allow organs like the lungs to move; or reticular, which provide physical support to cells. Connective tissue also allows oxygen to diffuse from blood vessels into cells.
About 1 in 10 people are have a disorder involving connective tissue. Some connective tissue disorders include sarcomas, Marfan syndrome, lupus, and scurvy, which is a Vitamin C deficiency that leads to fragile connective tissue.
Muscle
Muscle tissue comprises all the muscles in the body, and the specialized nature of the tissue is what allows muscles to contract. There are three types of muscle tissue: skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle anchors tendons to bones and allows the body to move. Cardiac muscle is found in the heart and contracts to pump blood. Smooth muscle is found in the intestines, where it helps move food through the digestive tract, and it is also found in other organs like blood vessels, the uterus, and the bladder. Skeletal and cardiac muscles are striated; this means that they contain sarcomeres (a unit of muscle tissue) that are arranged in a uniform pattern. Smooth muscle does not have sarcomeres.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an example of a muscle tissue disorder. It is an inherited disorder that causes muscles to atrophy over time. The muscles shorten as they atrophy, which can cause scoliosis and immobile joints. Individuals with the disorder are usually male because the gene responsible for it is found on the X chromosome (of which males have only one).
Nervous
Nervous tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves, which are all parts of the nervous system. It is made up of neurons, which are nerve cells, and neuroglia, which are cells that help nerve impulses travel. Nervous tissue is grouped into four types: gray matter and white matter in the brain, and nerves and ganglia in the peripheral nervous system. The main difference between gray and white matter is that axons of the neurons in gray matter are unmyelinated, while white matter is myelinated. Myelin is a white, fatty substance that insulates neurons and
Epithelial Tissue
General Characteristics:
- Found throughout the body, covers all
body surfaces both inside and out.
- Main glandular tissue.
- Attached to underlying connective tissue
by noncellular nonliving basement
membrane.
- Usually has no vascular tissue - blood
supply
- Cells reproduce rapidly (rapid healing).
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
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2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
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Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
2. TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION
GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM
-Function: SECRETION
-Often lie in clusters deep to
the covering and lining
epithelium
-A gland may consist of a single
cell or a group of cells that
secrete substances into ducts,
onto a surface, or into the blood
3. TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION
> Endocrine Glands
-Diffuse substances directly into
the bloodstream without flowing
through a duct
-Secretions are called hormones,
which regulate chemical reactions
in the body
4.
5. TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION
> Exocrine Glands
-Secrete their substances into
ducts that empty onto a surface
such as skin or lumen
-Examples of substances: sweat,
oil, earwax, saliva, enzymes
6.
7. TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
-ranges in consistency from the
gel-like softness of areolar
connective tissue to the hardness
of bone
-Blood is also a connective tissue
-Connective tissue (CT) forms an
extensive compartment in the body
and can be considered as the "glue"
that holds the body together
8. TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION
Types of Connective Tissue:
1. Fibroblasts – are large, flat
cells with branching processes.
They are usually the most numerous.
They migrate through the connective
tissue, secreting the fibers and
ground substance of the
extracellular matrix
9. TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION
2. Macrophages – are capable of
engulfing bacteria and cellular
debris by phagocytosis
Fixed macrophages
- reside in specific tissues
Wandering macrophages
- can move throughout the
tissues where inflammation and
infection are located
10. TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION
3. Plasma cells – small cells that
develop from immune cells called Blymphocytes. They secrete
antibodies.
4. Mast cells – abundant alongside
the blood vessels that supply
connective tissue. They produce
histamine, a chemical that
influences inflammatory response.
They can also engulf bacteria.
11. TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION
5. Adipocytes – also called fat
cells or adipose cells. They store
triglycerides as a reserve source
of energy
6. White blood cells – they migrate
from blood into the connective
tissue during infection or allergic
reactions.
12. TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION
EMBRYONIC CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Mesenchyme
- composed of irregularly
shaped cells, a semifluid ground
substance, and delicate reticular
fibers.
- Function: forms all other
types of connective tissue
- present in the embryo
13.
14. TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION
Mucous connective tissue
- found mainly in the umbilical
cord of the fetus
- Function: supports the 2
arteries and 1 vein in the
umbilical cord
- also called Wharton’s jelly
15.
16.
17. TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION
MATURE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
- Loosely intertwined between cells
1. Areolar
- Most widely distributed
- All types of fibers (collagen,
elastic, reticular) are arranged
randomly throughout the tissue
- Combined with adipose tissue,
they form the SUBCUTANEOUS LAYER
of the skin
18.
19. TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION
2. Adipose
- Contain adipocytes
- Good insulator that reduces heat
loss through the skin
- Protection for various organ
- Energy reserve
White Adipose Tissue
- usually found in adults
Brown Adipose Tissue
- Has very rich blood supply
20.
21. TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION
3. Reticular
- Forms the stroma (supporting
tissue) of the liver, spleen,
and lymph nodes
- Helps bind together smooth
muscle cells
- Also removes worn out cells and
bacteria
22.
23. TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION
DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
- More numerous thicker and denser
fibers, but fewer cells
1. Dense Regular
- Bundles of collagen are regularly
arranged in parallel patterns to
provide great strength to tissues
- Fibroblasts appear in rows
between the fibers
- Tissues are silvery white and
tough. Ex. Tendons, ligaments
24.
25.
26. TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION
2. Dense Irregular
- Contains collagen fibers that are
packed more tightly together and
irregularly arranged
- Found in parts of the body where
pulling forces are exerted in
various directions
- Ex. Dermis of the skin,
pericardium of the heart
27.
28. TISSUE LEVEL OF
ORGANIZATION
3. Elastic
- Contains branching elastic fibers
that gives the tissue a yellow
color
- Fibroblasts are present between
the fibers
- Very strong and recoils to
original shape after being
stretched
- Ex. Lungs, arteries