Cells come in different shapes and sizes. The document summarizes the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including that prokaryotic cells are smaller, always unicellular, lack a nucleus and organelles, have circular DNA and smaller ribosomes, and reproduce asexually, while eukaryotic cells are generally larger, often multicellular, have a nucleus and organelles, linear DNA associated with proteins, larger ribosomes, and can reproduce sexually or asexually. It also mentions the evolution of mitochondria and chloroplasts.
6. Summary of differences!
Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic cells
small cells (< 10 µm) larger cells (10-100 µm)
always unicellular often multicellular
no nucleus or any membrane-bound
organelles
always have nucleus and other
membrane-bound organelles
DNA is circular DNA is linear and associated with proteins
to form chromatin
ribosomes are small (70S) ribosomes are large (80S)
reproduction is always asexual
(Eg. binary fission)
reproduction could be asexual or sexual
by mitosis or meiosis
