Mitosis is the process by which a cell divides to form two identical daughter cells, occurring in somatic cells but not in sex cells. It involves several phases: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, culminating in cytokinesis, and is essential for growth, repair, and reproduction in organisms. Each human cell contains 46 chromosomes organized in 23 homologous pairs, with genetic information stored in DNA within chromatids.

1. MITOSIS(CELL DIVISION)
 MITOSIS IS A PROCESS
WHERE BY A CELL DIVIDE
TO FORM TWO IDENTICAL
DAUGHTER CELLS, THE
TWO DAUGHTER ARE
ALSO IDENTICAL TO THE
PARENT CELL.
 MITOSIS TAKES PLACE IN
EVERY SOMATIC CELL
(BODY CELLS) EXCEPT IN
SEX CELLS( MEIOSIS
TAKES PLACE THERE)

2.  Chromosomes form when the chromatin network in the nucleus of the cell, coil up, shortens and
thickens.
 Each organism has a specific amount of chromosomes.
 All humans have 46 chromosomes.
 These chromosomes are arranged in identical pairs called homologous chromosome pairs –
 Therefore humans have 23 homologous pairs of chromosomes.
 These chromosomes is only visible during cell division processes.
 One chromosome consist of 2 chromatids and one centromere that attach the chromatids
together.
 Each chromatid consist of genes which in turn consist of DNA.
CHROMOSOMES

3. THE PHASES OF THE CELL DIVISION CYCLE
INTERPHASE (INCLUDE G1- , S- [DNA SYNTHESIS] AND G2 PHASE)
MITOSIS
CYTOKINESIS
GROWTH
THE RESULTS IS TWO NEW IDENTICAL DAUGHTER CELLS

4. WHY IS IMPORTANT FOR MITOSIS TO OCCUR?
FOR GROWTH IN ORGANISMS
TO REPAIR DAMAGED CELLS/TISSUES
TO REPLACE DEAD CELLS/TISSUES
FOR REPRODUCTION IN SOME SIMPLE ORGANISMS SUCH AS BACTERIA.

5. MITOSIS CONSISTS OF THIS PHASES
INTERPHASE
PROPHASE
METAPHASE
ANAPHASE
TELOPHASE

6. INTERPHASE
 CELL BUILDS UP ENOUGH ENERGY
FOR DIVISION PROCESS.
 DNA REPLICATION OCCURS
 CELL LOOK NORMAL, LIKE BEFORE
DIVISION

7. PROPHASE
 Nuclear envelope and nucleolus
disappear.
 Chromatin become more tightly
coiled, and condenses into
individual chromosomes.
Chromosomes arrange
randomly in the cell.
 Centrioli move to opposite
poles, with spindle fibers
stretching between them.

8. METAPHASE
 The centrioli reached the
opposite poles with the
spindle fibers in between.
 The chromosomes arrange
randomly on the equator, each
single chromosome attaching
to a separate spindle fiber by
means of the centromere.

9. ANAPHASE
 The spindle fibers pull tight.
 The centromers attaching
the chromatids of the
chromosomes split in half.
 Daughter chromosomes
move to opposite poles.

10. EARLY
TELOPHASE(KARYOKINESIS-
DIVISION OF A NUCLEUS)
 Daughter chromosomes reach
poles.
 Nuclear envelope surrounds
chromosomes.
 Nucleolus reappear at each pole.
 Chromosomes become less
condense forming chromatin.
 Two identical nuclei has been
formed

11. LATE TELOPHASE
(CYTOKINESIS-DIVISION OF
THE CYTOPLASM)
 Invagination of the cytoplasm and
plasma membrane occurs.
(Cleavage furrow forms in animal
cells and a cytoplasmic plate
forms in plant cells)
 Continues until the cell in divided
into 2 separate cells. (Identical to
one another and to the original
cell)

12. CONCLUSION ON MITOSIS

13. REFERENCE
HTTPS://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/LOUIEJANEELECCION/THE-CELL-CYCLE-
MITOSIS-109592570
HTTPS://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/FARRELLW/MITOSIS-POWERPOINT-11179257
HTTPS://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/STEVEN_IANNUCCILLI/CHAPTER-4CELL-
DIVISION-MITOSIS-DNA-PROTEIN-PRODUCTION
HTTPS://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/RCHOONG/POWERPOINT-MITOSIS-1
HTTPS://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/CATHERINEPATTERSON/CELL-DIVISION-
MITOSIS-AND-MEIOSIS-PRESENTATION