Downloaded 30 times
Uploaded byAshley Evans
Bio 124 Lab Exam 2 Study Guide
The document describes the characteristics of different plant divisions, including their life cycles, reproductive structures, and distinguishing features. It covers bryophytes like mosses, liverworts, and hornworts as well as seedless vascular plants like club mosses, whisk ferns, horsetails, and true ferns. For each group, it highlights aspects of their sporophyte and gametophyte phases, spores, gametangia, and other structures.
More Related Content
Similar to Bio 124 Lab Exam 2 Study Guide
Bio 124 Lab Exam 2 Study Guide
- 1. Nucleus Domain Intercellular structures Cytoskeleton Eukarya Linear chromosomes Meiosis and Mitosis Primary Endosimbiosis Supergroup Contain plastids Archaeplastida Chlorophyll A Contain Cellulose in cell walls Starch used as food storage Chlorophyll B, Carotene, Xanthophyll Kingdom Flagella Charophycean Internal fertilization, egg retained Form phragmoplast during cell plate formation
- 2. Nucleus Domain Intercellular structures Cytoskeleton Eukarya Linear chromosomes Meiosis and Mitosis Primary Endosimbiosis Supergroup Contain plastids Archaeplastida Chlorophyll A Contain Cellulose in cell walls Starch used as food storage Diplohaplontic life cycle Kingdom Apical meristem Plantae Cuticle Dispersed by seeds or spores
- 3. Primary Endosimbiosis Supergroup Contain plastids Chlorophyll A Archaeplastida Contain Cellulose in cell walls Starch used as food storage Diplohaplontic life cycle Kingdom Apical meristem Plantae Cuticle Dispersed by seeds or spores Homosporous Non Vascular, small size Bryophytes Flagellated Sperm Gametophyte dominant Sporophyte dependant on gametophyte No true leaves, stems or roots (anchors with rhizoids) Have Gametangia: Antheridia & Archegonium
- 4. • Bryophyte Life Cycle – Diplohaplontic, Homosporous • Gametophyte dominant, Sporophyte dependant on gametophyte • Gametangia (cluster of sex organs) • Sporangium
- 5.
- 6.
- 7. Moss Sporophyte • Growsout of adult gametophyte • Dependant on gametophyte • Sporangium containing spores located on the top
- 8. Rhizoids • A structurein plants that functions like a root in support or absorption. • Not a true root due to lack of vascular tissue
- 9. Diplohaplontic life cycle Kingdom Apical meristem Cuticle Plantae Dispersed by seeds or spores Homosporous Non Vascular, small size Bryophytes Flagellated Sperm Gametophyte dominant Sporophyte dependant on gametophyte No true leaves, stems or roots (anchors with rhizoids) Have Gametangia: Antheridia & Archegonium Division Hepatophyta Gametangia are antheridia and archegonia (liverworts) Just pores, no stomata Flattened leaf-like lobes
- 10. Division Hepatophyta (liverworts) • Flattenedleaf-like lobes • Looks like liver, originally thought to be good for the liver when eaten • Just pores, no stomata
- 11. Diplohaplontic life cycle Kingdom Apical meristem Cuticle Plantae Dispersed by seeds or spores Homosporous Non Vascular, small size Bryophytes Flagellated Sperm Gametophyte dominant Sporophyte dependant on gametophyte No true leaves, stems or roots (anchors with rhizoids) Have Gametangia: Antheridia & Archegonium Division Anthocerophyta Hornlike sporangia (hornworts)
- 12. Division Anthocerophyta (hornworts) Greentop parts: Sporangia (horns) Dark slime looking bottom: Dominant Gametophyte
- 13. Diplohaplontic life cycle Kingdom Apical meristem Cuticle Plantae Dispersed by seeds or spores Homosporous Non Vascular, small size Flagellated Sperm Bryophytes Gametophyte dominant Sporophyte dependant on gametophyte No true leaves, stems or roots (anchors with rhizoids) Have Gametangia: Antheridia & Archegonium Division Has Leaf like structures Bryophyta Sporophyte has a capsule with calyptras (mosses) Gametophyte grows from protonema Important part of the eco system
- 14.
- 15. Division Bryophyta (moss) capsule •Operculum falls off when dry • Teeth open • Internal spores are released
- 16. Division Bryophyta (moss)capsule with calyptras
- 17. Division Bryophyta (moss)Protonema • When a moss first grows from the spore, it grows as a protonema which develops into a leafy gametophyte.
- 18. Kingdom: Plantae Domain: Bryophyta Genus:Sphagnum • Demonstrated moss absorbance in the lab • Looked at the clear, non photosynthetic, absorbent cells • Compared to green, photosynthetic cells • Absorbance important in the global ecosystem
- 19. Division Bryophyta (mosses)gametophyte
- 20. Diplohaplontic life cycle Kingdom Apical meristem Cuticle Plantae Dispersed by seeds or spores Structure, grow larger, nutrient movement Stomata Seedless Vascular Roots, shoots and leaves (micro/megaphylls) Plants Sporophyte dominant “seen” Gametophyte dependant on Sporophyte Contain Phloem and Xylem
- 24. Structure, grow larger,nutrient movement Seedless Vascular Stomata Roots, shoots and leaves (micro/megaphyll) Plants Sporophyte dominant “seen” Gametophyte dependant on Sporophyte Contain Phloem and Xylem Division Lycophyta (club moss, ground pines, spike moss, quillworts) Genus Lycopodium (club moss)
- 25.
- 26. Lycopodium leaf crosssection
- 27.
- 29.
- 30. Structure, grow larger,nutrient movement Seedless Vascular Stomata Roots, shoots and leaves (micro/megaphyll) Plants Sporophyte dominant “seen” Gametophyte dependant on Sporophyte Contain Phloem and Xylem Division Lycophyta (club moss, ground pines, spike moss, quillworts) Genus Selaginella
- 31.
- 32.
- 35. Diplohaplontic life cycle Kingdom Apical meristem Cuticle Plantae Dispersed by seeds or spores Structure, grow larger, nutrient movement Seedless Vascular Stomata Plants Roots, shoots and leaves (micro/megaphyll) Sporophyte dominant “seen” Gametophyte dependant on Sporophyte Contain Phloem and Xylem Division Pterophyta (whisk ferns, horsetails, ferns)
- 36. Structure, grow larger,nutrient movement Seedless Vascular Stomata Roots, shoots and leaves (micro/megaphyll) Plants Sporophyte dominant “seen” Gametophyte dependant on Sporophyte Contain Phloem and Xylem Division Pterophyta Class Pterophyta (ferns)
- 37.
- 38.
- 39.
- 41.
- 42.
- 43.
- 44. fern sporangium withannulus
- 46. Structure, grow larger,nutrient movement Seedless Vascular Stomata Roots, shoots and leaves (micro/megaphyll) Plants Sporophyte dominant “seen” Gametophyte dependant on Sporophyte Contain Phloem and Xylem Division Pterophyta Class Psilophyta (whisk ferns)
- 47.
- 49.
- 50. Structure, grow larger,nutrient movement Seedless Vascular Stomata Roots, shoots and leaves (micro/megaphyll) Plants Sporophyte dominant “seen” Gametophyte dependant on Sporophyte Contain Phloem and Xylem Division Pterophyta Class Sphenophyta (horsetails)
- 51. Life cycle shownin lab
- 52. Equisetum life cycle 1.Sporophyte plant 2. Strobilus 3. Sporangium 4. Spores 5. Antheridium 6. Sperm 7. Male gametophyte 8. Female gametophyte 9. Archegonium 10. Egg 11. Zygote 12. Young sporophyte
- 54.
- 55.
- 56.
- 57. Structure, grow larger,nutrient movement Seedless Vascular Stomata Roots, shoots and leaves (micro/megaphyll) Plants Sporophyte dominant “seen” Gametophyte dependant on Sporophyte Contain Phloem and Xylem Division Pterophyta Class Sphenophyta (horsetails)
- 58. Kingdom Plantae Moss gametophyte, moss sporophyte, Division Hepatophyta moss capsule with calyptras, Division Anthocerophyta moss antheridium, Division Bryophyta moss archegonium, moss protonema, Division Lycophyta moss rhizoids, Division Pterophyta Selaginella strobilis nonmagnified & magnified, Division Ginkgophyta fern sporophyte, Division Cycadophyta fern sorus, Division Gnetophyta fern sporangium with annulus, Division Coniferophyta fern gametophyte, Division Anthophyta stomata, megaphyll, Lycopodium strobilis, fern gametophyte, Psilotum sporophyte, Selaginella sporophyte, Equisetum spores, Equisetum sporophyte
Editor's Notes
- #9 roots (rhizoids) that anchor them to their substrate
- #18 A protonema is a thread-like chain of cells that forms the earliest stage (the haploid phase) of a bryophyte life cycle. When a moss first grows from the spore, it grows as a protonema which develops into a leafy gametophyte.
- #19 Sphagnum spp. specimen
- #26 Kingdom: PlantaeDivision: LycopodiophytaClass: LycopodiopsidaOrder: LycopodialesFamily: LycopodiaceaeGenus: Lycopodium
- #32 Kingdom: Plantae Division: Lycopodiophyta Class: Isoetopsida Order: Selaginellales Family: Selaginellaceae Genus: Selaginella
- #49 Psilotum sporophyte