The document describes an electromagnetic flow meter manufactured by BCST Group. It discusses the meter's simple structure with no moving parts, its ability to measure flow without interrupting the fluid, and its high accuracy that is not affected by fluid parameters. It also provides details on the meter's display, data logging and communication capabilities, and lists its technical specifications.
Piping components, materials, codes and standards part 1- pipeAlireza Niakani
The course is focused on four areas: piping components, pipe materials and manufacture, sizes, codes and standards. Applicable piping codes for oil and gas facilities (ISO, B31.3, B31.4, B31.8, etc.), pipe sizing calculations, pipe installation, and materials selection are an integral part of the course. The emphasis is on proper material selection and specification of piping systems.
The document provides an overview of various instrumentation topics including instrument symbols, flow and pressure measurement, temperature measurement, control valves, level measurement and control loops. It discusses common instrument types for measuring these process variables such as orifice plates, pressure gauges, thermocouples and level switches. It also covers related concepts such as sizing control valves using Cv, installing instruments properly and calibrating instruments.
The document provides an overview of the ASME B31.3 Process Piping Code. It discusses the code's philosophy, organization, history, scope, fluid service categories, and application. Key points include that B31.3 applies to process piping systems in chemical, petroleum, and other plants. It covers piping for various fluids and has specific requirements for Category M and high pressure fluid services. The code is organized into chapters that address design, materials, components, fabrication, inspection, and other topics.
This document discusses different types of control valves, including globe valves, butterfly valves, ball valves, and gate valves. It describes control valve fundamentals and characteristics, such as Kv and Cv values that define flow capacity. Factors that affect flow capacity are discussed, along with potential issues like cavitation and solutions like anti-cavitation trim designs. Seat leakage classifications and plug designs are covered. In conclusion, control valves are final control elements in process systems and their characteristic curves define their control behavior.
This document discusses various piping materials used in industrial applications. It describes key factors considered when selecting piping materials such as mechanical properties, safety, corrosion resistance and cost. Various classes of materials are covered including ferrous materials like carbon steel, alloy steels and stainless steel, and non-ferrous materials like copper, aluminum, nickel and titanium. Temperature limitations and common material compositions are provided for different piping materials.
This document provides standards for piping design, layout, and stress analysis. It covers topics such as design and layout considerations including numbering systems, safety, clearance, pipe routing, valves, equipment piping, and stress analysis criteria. The standards are intended to replace individual company specifications and be used in existing and future offshore oil and gas developments. It references other NORSOK and international standards and does not cover all instrument control piping, risers, sanitary piping, or GRP piping.
The document discusses the role and responsibilities of a piping engineer. It outlines that a piping engineer is responsible for the accurate design of piping systems according to specifications while achieving an economic design. A piping engineer must have knowledge of various engineering disciplines and codes/standards. The inputs and outputs of piping design are listed, including things like piping layouts, support designs, and isometric drawings. Common piping symbols and components are also defined.
This document summarizes a student project to design a high temperature and pressure naphtha piping system. It includes the project members, objectives to understand piping design concepts and flexibility, and perform stress analysis manually and using CAESER II software. The problem statement is to design a 6" diameter pipe connecting a centrifugal pump and pressure vessel operating at 300°C and 21.4kg/cm2. The document outlines the design methodology, calculations, material selection, and references used.
Piping components, materials, codes and standards part 1- pipeAlireza Niakani
The course is focused on four areas: piping components, pipe materials and manufacture, sizes, codes and standards. Applicable piping codes for oil and gas facilities (ISO, B31.3, B31.4, B31.8, etc.), pipe sizing calculations, pipe installation, and materials selection are an integral part of the course. The emphasis is on proper material selection and specification of piping systems.
The document provides an overview of various instrumentation topics including instrument symbols, flow and pressure measurement, temperature measurement, control valves, level measurement and control loops. It discusses common instrument types for measuring these process variables such as orifice plates, pressure gauges, thermocouples and level switches. It also covers related concepts such as sizing control valves using Cv, installing instruments properly and calibrating instruments.
The document provides an overview of the ASME B31.3 Process Piping Code. It discusses the code's philosophy, organization, history, scope, fluid service categories, and application. Key points include that B31.3 applies to process piping systems in chemical, petroleum, and other plants. It covers piping for various fluids and has specific requirements for Category M and high pressure fluid services. The code is organized into chapters that address design, materials, components, fabrication, inspection, and other topics.
This document discusses different types of control valves, including globe valves, butterfly valves, ball valves, and gate valves. It describes control valve fundamentals and characteristics, such as Kv and Cv values that define flow capacity. Factors that affect flow capacity are discussed, along with potential issues like cavitation and solutions like anti-cavitation trim designs. Seat leakage classifications and plug designs are covered. In conclusion, control valves are final control elements in process systems and their characteristic curves define their control behavior.
This document discusses various piping materials used in industrial applications. It describes key factors considered when selecting piping materials such as mechanical properties, safety, corrosion resistance and cost. Various classes of materials are covered including ferrous materials like carbon steel, alloy steels and stainless steel, and non-ferrous materials like copper, aluminum, nickel and titanium. Temperature limitations and common material compositions are provided for different piping materials.
This document provides standards for piping design, layout, and stress analysis. It covers topics such as design and layout considerations including numbering systems, safety, clearance, pipe routing, valves, equipment piping, and stress analysis criteria. The standards are intended to replace individual company specifications and be used in existing and future offshore oil and gas developments. It references other NORSOK and international standards and does not cover all instrument control piping, risers, sanitary piping, or GRP piping.
The document discusses the role and responsibilities of a piping engineer. It outlines that a piping engineer is responsible for the accurate design of piping systems according to specifications while achieving an economic design. A piping engineer must have knowledge of various engineering disciplines and codes/standards. The inputs and outputs of piping design are listed, including things like piping layouts, support designs, and isometric drawings. Common piping symbols and components are also defined.
This document summarizes a student project to design a high temperature and pressure naphtha piping system. It includes the project members, objectives to understand piping design concepts and flexibility, and perform stress analysis manually and using CAESER II software. The problem statement is to design a 6" diameter pipe connecting a centrifugal pump and pressure vessel operating at 300°C and 21.4kg/cm2. The document outlines the design methodology, calculations, material selection, and references used.
Within industry, piping is a system of pipes used to convey fluids (liquids and gases) from one location to another. The engineering discipline of piping design studies the efficient transport of fluid
Industrial process piping (and accompanying in-line components) can be manufactured from wood, fiberglass, glass, steel, aluminum, plastic, copper, and concrete. The in-line components, known as fittings, valves, and other devices, typically sense and control the pressure, flow rate and temperature of the transmitted fluid, and usually are included in the field of Piping Design (or Piping Engineering). Piping systems are documented in piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs). If necessary, pipes can be cleaned by the tube cleaning process.
"Piping" sometimes refers to Piping Design, the detailed specification of the physical piping layout within a process plant or commercial building. In earlier days, this was sometimes called Drafting, Technical drawing, Engineering Drawing, and Design but is today commonly performed by Designers who have learned to use automated Computer Aided Drawing / Computer Aided Design (CAD) software
Contract Resources provides specialized pigging modules and services to clean pipelines and process equipment. Their modular units can clean sections up to 400 meters in a closed-loop system with minimal environmental impact. They use a patented pigging process employing flexible pigs with interchangeable cleaning appendages to remove deposits in both directions. This bi-directional cleaning allows them to thoroughly clean contaminated sections of pipelines and increase equipment run lengths with less downtime.
In this day and age of automated computer control valve sizing, the logic and theories behind it are invisible. In his presentation, Al Holton of Allagash Valve & Controls will look at the basic principles that apply and how they affect the application and installation of a wide range of control valve types. He will also review the reasoning behind valve type selection.
This document provides information on various piping drawings used in piping design and installation. It discusses process flow diagrams (PFDs), piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs), piping isometrics, plot plans, and general arrangement drawings. PFDs show the major equipment and process flows at a high level, while P&IDs provide more detailed piping information along with instrumentation and control schemes. Piping isometrics are used for fabrication and show piping runs at an angle for clarity. General arrangement drawings indicate equipment locations and piping layouts from a plan view. Together these drawings provide the necessary information for proper piping system design, installation, and operation.
The document discusses control valves, including their purpose, main components, types of actuators (pneumatic, hydraulic, electrical), and types of valves (linear motion like globe valves and rotary motion like ball valves). It provides details on parts of control valves like the actuator, positioner, and body. It also covers topics like valve sizing, flow characteristics, and considerations for control valves like fluid velocity, noise, vibration, and flow direction.
This document provides an overview of piping systems and components. It discusses that piping is used to convey liquids, gases, or materials through a tubular system. Key piping components include pipes, fittings, flanges, valves, and strainers. Common piping materials include carbon steel, alloy steels, and stainless steels. The document also discusses piping design considerations like material selection, insulation, supports, flexibility analysis, and piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs). Piping stress analysis is conducted to ensure stresses from pressures, temperatures, and other loads do not exceed design limits.
This document provides an overview of piping fundamentals for fresher engineers. It discusses what a piping system is, components like pipes, fittings, valves, supports and insulation. It also covers piping layout, modeling software, stress analysis, sizing calculations considering flow rates, pressures and material selection based on fluid properties. Critical high pressure and temperature piping in power plants requires special design considerations for material selection and allowing for expansion.
This document provides an overview of intelligent pigging and the intelligent pigging survey of a 14-inch crude oil pipeline from Barauni Pump Station to Pump Station 5 that is 756 km long. Intelligent pigging uses specially designed tools called "pigs" to inspect and clean pipelines without stopping flow. The document discusses the types of pigs used for different pipeline activities like construction, maintenance, and operation. It also summarizes the goals and activities of the survey conducted by Rosen Europe B.V. on the 14-inch pipeline, including using a corrosion detection pig (CDP) to detect metal loss and pipe wall defects.
The document discusses weld defect acceptance criteria according to different codes such as ASTM B31.1, ASME VIII, ASME B31.3, and AWS D1.1. It provides details on acceptance limits for various weld defects depending on the examination method, material thickness, loading conditions, and material application. Defects discussed include cracks, lack of fusion, incomplete penetration, undercuts, porosity, and reinforcement. Acceptance criteria include maximum defect sizes, numbers of defects allowed, cumulative lengths of defects, and distances between defects.
This document provides an overview of piping fundamentals, including definitions of pipes and piping systems. It discusses pipe and piping components like fittings, flanges, valves and how they are used. The document also covers piping design considerations such as material selection, sizing calculations, support structures and instrumentation. Key points include how to lay out a basic piping system connecting three tanks, the importance of piping drawings called P&IDs, and using 3D modeling software for physical piping design.
The document provides an overview of fundamentals of process plant design including goals, plant design workflow, process departments and their roles, process flow diagrams, piping and instrumentation diagrams, and common diagram symbols. It discusses key stages in plant design from concept selection through detailed engineering design. It also covers topics like plot plan development, piping studies, piping fundamentals, standards, specifications, fittings, flanges and more. The document serves as an introduction to process plant design concepts and terminology.
The document provides an overview of control valves, including their purpose, key parts, types, flow characteristics, materials of construction, and common accessories. Control valves play an important role in automatically controlling processes by regulating fluid flow. They function as a variable resistance and provide a pressure drop by changing fluid turbulence. Common types include globe, butterfly, ball, and pinch valves. Accessories like positioners, converters, and relays help interface control valves with other system components and controllers.
Piping Components Handbook (Piping Training Material) for Oil & Gas EngineerVarun Patel
Learn in detail every aspect of Pipe & Pipe Fittings used in process industry
•Different types of Pipe, Pipe fittings (Elbow, Tee, reducers, Caps etc.), Flanges, Gaskets, Branch Connection, Bolting materials
•Materials (Metal-Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel, Alloy Steel etc. Non-Metal- PVC/VCM, HDPE, GRE-GRP etc.)
•Manufacturing methods
•Heat treatment requirements
•Inspection and Testing requirements (Non Destructive Testing, Mechanical & Chemical testing)
•Dimensions & Markings requirements
•Code & Standard used in piping
Codes provide legally binding guidelines for design, construction, and installation of piping systems, while standards provide sizes, ratings, and joining methods of piping components. Dimensional standards ensure interchangeability of similar components from different suppliers. Major organizations establishing standards include ASME, BIS, BSI, and DIN. Commonly used codes include ASME B31.1 through B31.12 governing various piping applications. ASME B16 standards specify pipes and fittings.
This document provides concise summaries of key terms and concepts for a QC welding inspector interview. It defines common quality control terms like QA, QC, QAP, ITP, and explains the differences between them. It also summarizes welding concepts such as the four main welding types, the purpose of welding procedures like WPS and PQR, essential versus non-essential variables, and what organizations like ASME and AWS stand for.
This document provides information about flanges, including their purpose, types, materials, dimensions, and pressure ratings. It discusses how flanges are used to connect pipes and equipment to form piping systems. The key types of flanges mentioned are welding neck, slip on, socket weld, lap joint, threaded, and blind flanges. The most common materials used are carbon steel, stainless steel, cast iron, and aluminum. Dimensions and pressure ratings of flanges are determined according to ASME standards.
Refinery mechanical piping systems a fundamental overviewChetan vadodariya
This paper is based on experience gained by the author in fabrication, design and installation in multinational
manufacturing, contracting and client companies in India, Saudi Arabia and Bahrain. Piping systems in
any oil refinery is the most critical mechanical hardware for the transportation of feed product i.e. crude oil to
processing units, process piping intra and inter process units and further movement of intermediate distillates
from one processing unit to another for the purpose of processing, blending, value addition and maximization of
recovery from feed stock to finish products. Pipelines are the ultimate transportation solution for despatch of final
product to storage tank farms and to the shipping terminal for internal consumption and for export. This paper lists
proven and established international design
The document provides an introduction to Piping Material Specifications (PMS). It discusses that PMS gives details about all piping components, including material details, dimensions, connection types, applicable codes and standards. It is generated by the piping engineering team. PMS is used to define and specify piping components on piping and instrumentation diagrams. Each pipe class listed in the PMS includes material specifications, dimensions, ratings and other details for items like pipes, flanges, fittings and valves. New piping classes are developed in job-specific PMS documents based on project requirements.
This document provides an overview of the ASME Code for Pressure Piping, 831 (ASME B31.3). It outlines the code's scope and definitions, design requirements, pressure design of piping components, fluid service requirements, flexibility and support, fabrication and inspection standards. The code applies to process piping and sets safety standards for the design, materials, fabrication, assembly, inspection and testing of piping. It is intended for international use on piping associated with industrial and power generation facilities processing chemicals, petroleum, natural gas and other fluids.
Before we get into the best types of flow meters that are best compatible for hot/chilled water systems, we need to get familiar with what electromagnetic flow meters are, what components make this flow meter well sorted after in the industry and what makes them better than the rest of the competition.
What is an Electromagnetic Flow Meter?
Electromagnetic flow meters for hot/cold water systems, also known as magmeters, are part of the concept of velocity or volumetric flow meters. These devices work in accordance with Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, which states that a voltage will be induced when a conductor passes through a magnetic field. Magmeters can only be used to measure conductive fluid flow rates.
Prior Magmeter designs required a fluidic conductivity of between 1 and 5 microsiemens per centimeter to function properly. The necessary threshold has, however, been 100 times lower in modern designs, remaining between 0.05 and 0.1.
What constitutes an Electromagnetic Flow Meter for Hot/Chilled Water Systems?
The Electromagnetic Flow Meter for Hot/Chilled Water Systems is constituted of a non-magnetic pipe that is lined with an insulating material. Magnetic coils in paired together are also included and a pairing of electrodes can be found penetrating the pipe and its linings.
Magmeter Excitation
The voltage that is developed at the location which sits the electrodes has been measured to be in millivolt signals. This can be easily converted into a standard current (4 - 20 mA) or into a frequency output of 0 - 10,000 Hz at or in close proximity to the flow tube. With the installation of intelligent magnetic transmitters with digital outputs gives room for direct connection to a distributed control system.
Due to the weakness in strength of the signals generated by the magmeter, the lead wire is shielded (and is advised by manufacturers to be shielded) and twisted if you sort to make the transmitter a remote.
Powering of the magmeter’s coils can be performed through either using alternating or direct currents. During an AC excitation, line voltage is applied to the magnetic coils, this then results in the flow signal becoming more like a sine wave in appearance. The amplitude of the wave is proportional to velocity.
Noise voltages can also be induced in the electrode loop in addition to the flow signal. Out-of-phase noise can be easily filtered, but in-phase noise has the requirement of the stoppage of the flow (with the pipe full) and the transmitter output set to zero.
One main issue with the AC magmeter designs is that the noise can vary with process conditions and frequency re-zeroing is required to maintain accuracy.
In a DC excitation design, a low frequency (7 – 30 Hz) DC pulse is used to stimulate the magnetic coils. When the coils are pulsed on, the transmitter reads both the flow and noise signals. In between pulses, the transmitter only the identifies noise signal. Therefore, the noise can be continuously eliminated afte
Electromagnetic flowmeters measure liquid flow using Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. They generate a magnetic field which induces a voltage in conductive liquids proportional to flow velocity. This voltage is measured by electrodes and converted to a standardized output. Key features include a choice of wetted materials, remote or integral transmitter, accuracy from 0.5-1% of measured value, and suitability for pipes 10mm to 600mm handling corrosive or aggressive liquids. They are used in chemical, petrochemical, and other process industries.
Within industry, piping is a system of pipes used to convey fluids (liquids and gases) from one location to another. The engineering discipline of piping design studies the efficient transport of fluid
Industrial process piping (and accompanying in-line components) can be manufactured from wood, fiberglass, glass, steel, aluminum, plastic, copper, and concrete. The in-line components, known as fittings, valves, and other devices, typically sense and control the pressure, flow rate and temperature of the transmitted fluid, and usually are included in the field of Piping Design (or Piping Engineering). Piping systems are documented in piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs). If necessary, pipes can be cleaned by the tube cleaning process.
"Piping" sometimes refers to Piping Design, the detailed specification of the physical piping layout within a process plant or commercial building. In earlier days, this was sometimes called Drafting, Technical drawing, Engineering Drawing, and Design but is today commonly performed by Designers who have learned to use automated Computer Aided Drawing / Computer Aided Design (CAD) software
Contract Resources provides specialized pigging modules and services to clean pipelines and process equipment. Their modular units can clean sections up to 400 meters in a closed-loop system with minimal environmental impact. They use a patented pigging process employing flexible pigs with interchangeable cleaning appendages to remove deposits in both directions. This bi-directional cleaning allows them to thoroughly clean contaminated sections of pipelines and increase equipment run lengths with less downtime.
In this day and age of automated computer control valve sizing, the logic and theories behind it are invisible. In his presentation, Al Holton of Allagash Valve & Controls will look at the basic principles that apply and how they affect the application and installation of a wide range of control valve types. He will also review the reasoning behind valve type selection.
This document provides information on various piping drawings used in piping design and installation. It discusses process flow diagrams (PFDs), piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs), piping isometrics, plot plans, and general arrangement drawings. PFDs show the major equipment and process flows at a high level, while P&IDs provide more detailed piping information along with instrumentation and control schemes. Piping isometrics are used for fabrication and show piping runs at an angle for clarity. General arrangement drawings indicate equipment locations and piping layouts from a plan view. Together these drawings provide the necessary information for proper piping system design, installation, and operation.
The document discusses control valves, including their purpose, main components, types of actuators (pneumatic, hydraulic, electrical), and types of valves (linear motion like globe valves and rotary motion like ball valves). It provides details on parts of control valves like the actuator, positioner, and body. It also covers topics like valve sizing, flow characteristics, and considerations for control valves like fluid velocity, noise, vibration, and flow direction.
This document provides an overview of piping systems and components. It discusses that piping is used to convey liquids, gases, or materials through a tubular system. Key piping components include pipes, fittings, flanges, valves, and strainers. Common piping materials include carbon steel, alloy steels, and stainless steels. The document also discusses piping design considerations like material selection, insulation, supports, flexibility analysis, and piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs). Piping stress analysis is conducted to ensure stresses from pressures, temperatures, and other loads do not exceed design limits.
This document provides an overview of piping fundamentals for fresher engineers. It discusses what a piping system is, components like pipes, fittings, valves, supports and insulation. It also covers piping layout, modeling software, stress analysis, sizing calculations considering flow rates, pressures and material selection based on fluid properties. Critical high pressure and temperature piping in power plants requires special design considerations for material selection and allowing for expansion.
This document provides an overview of intelligent pigging and the intelligent pigging survey of a 14-inch crude oil pipeline from Barauni Pump Station to Pump Station 5 that is 756 km long. Intelligent pigging uses specially designed tools called "pigs" to inspect and clean pipelines without stopping flow. The document discusses the types of pigs used for different pipeline activities like construction, maintenance, and operation. It also summarizes the goals and activities of the survey conducted by Rosen Europe B.V. on the 14-inch pipeline, including using a corrosion detection pig (CDP) to detect metal loss and pipe wall defects.
The document discusses weld defect acceptance criteria according to different codes such as ASTM B31.1, ASME VIII, ASME B31.3, and AWS D1.1. It provides details on acceptance limits for various weld defects depending on the examination method, material thickness, loading conditions, and material application. Defects discussed include cracks, lack of fusion, incomplete penetration, undercuts, porosity, and reinforcement. Acceptance criteria include maximum defect sizes, numbers of defects allowed, cumulative lengths of defects, and distances between defects.
This document provides an overview of piping fundamentals, including definitions of pipes and piping systems. It discusses pipe and piping components like fittings, flanges, valves and how they are used. The document also covers piping design considerations such as material selection, sizing calculations, support structures and instrumentation. Key points include how to lay out a basic piping system connecting three tanks, the importance of piping drawings called P&IDs, and using 3D modeling software for physical piping design.
The document provides an overview of fundamentals of process plant design including goals, plant design workflow, process departments and their roles, process flow diagrams, piping and instrumentation diagrams, and common diagram symbols. It discusses key stages in plant design from concept selection through detailed engineering design. It also covers topics like plot plan development, piping studies, piping fundamentals, standards, specifications, fittings, flanges and more. The document serves as an introduction to process plant design concepts and terminology.
The document provides an overview of control valves, including their purpose, key parts, types, flow characteristics, materials of construction, and common accessories. Control valves play an important role in automatically controlling processes by regulating fluid flow. They function as a variable resistance and provide a pressure drop by changing fluid turbulence. Common types include globe, butterfly, ball, and pinch valves. Accessories like positioners, converters, and relays help interface control valves with other system components and controllers.
Piping Components Handbook (Piping Training Material) for Oil & Gas EngineerVarun Patel
Learn in detail every aspect of Pipe & Pipe Fittings used in process industry
•Different types of Pipe, Pipe fittings (Elbow, Tee, reducers, Caps etc.), Flanges, Gaskets, Branch Connection, Bolting materials
•Materials (Metal-Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel, Alloy Steel etc. Non-Metal- PVC/VCM, HDPE, GRE-GRP etc.)
•Manufacturing methods
•Heat treatment requirements
•Inspection and Testing requirements (Non Destructive Testing, Mechanical & Chemical testing)
•Dimensions & Markings requirements
•Code & Standard used in piping
Codes provide legally binding guidelines for design, construction, and installation of piping systems, while standards provide sizes, ratings, and joining methods of piping components. Dimensional standards ensure interchangeability of similar components from different suppliers. Major organizations establishing standards include ASME, BIS, BSI, and DIN. Commonly used codes include ASME B31.1 through B31.12 governing various piping applications. ASME B16 standards specify pipes and fittings.
This document provides concise summaries of key terms and concepts for a QC welding inspector interview. It defines common quality control terms like QA, QC, QAP, ITP, and explains the differences between them. It also summarizes welding concepts such as the four main welding types, the purpose of welding procedures like WPS and PQR, essential versus non-essential variables, and what organizations like ASME and AWS stand for.
This document provides information about flanges, including their purpose, types, materials, dimensions, and pressure ratings. It discusses how flanges are used to connect pipes and equipment to form piping systems. The key types of flanges mentioned are welding neck, slip on, socket weld, lap joint, threaded, and blind flanges. The most common materials used are carbon steel, stainless steel, cast iron, and aluminum. Dimensions and pressure ratings of flanges are determined according to ASME standards.
Refinery mechanical piping systems a fundamental overviewChetan vadodariya
This paper is based on experience gained by the author in fabrication, design and installation in multinational
manufacturing, contracting and client companies in India, Saudi Arabia and Bahrain. Piping systems in
any oil refinery is the most critical mechanical hardware for the transportation of feed product i.e. crude oil to
processing units, process piping intra and inter process units and further movement of intermediate distillates
from one processing unit to another for the purpose of processing, blending, value addition and maximization of
recovery from feed stock to finish products. Pipelines are the ultimate transportation solution for despatch of final
product to storage tank farms and to the shipping terminal for internal consumption and for export. This paper lists
proven and established international design
The document provides an introduction to Piping Material Specifications (PMS). It discusses that PMS gives details about all piping components, including material details, dimensions, connection types, applicable codes and standards. It is generated by the piping engineering team. PMS is used to define and specify piping components on piping and instrumentation diagrams. Each pipe class listed in the PMS includes material specifications, dimensions, ratings and other details for items like pipes, flanges, fittings and valves. New piping classes are developed in job-specific PMS documents based on project requirements.
This document provides an overview of the ASME Code for Pressure Piping, 831 (ASME B31.3). It outlines the code's scope and definitions, design requirements, pressure design of piping components, fluid service requirements, flexibility and support, fabrication and inspection standards. The code applies to process piping and sets safety standards for the design, materials, fabrication, assembly, inspection and testing of piping. It is intended for international use on piping associated with industrial and power generation facilities processing chemicals, petroleum, natural gas and other fluids.
Before we get into the best types of flow meters that are best compatible for hot/chilled water systems, we need to get familiar with what electromagnetic flow meters are, what components make this flow meter well sorted after in the industry and what makes them better than the rest of the competition.
What is an Electromagnetic Flow Meter?
Electromagnetic flow meters for hot/cold water systems, also known as magmeters, are part of the concept of velocity or volumetric flow meters. These devices work in accordance with Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, which states that a voltage will be induced when a conductor passes through a magnetic field. Magmeters can only be used to measure conductive fluid flow rates.
Prior Magmeter designs required a fluidic conductivity of between 1 and 5 microsiemens per centimeter to function properly. The necessary threshold has, however, been 100 times lower in modern designs, remaining between 0.05 and 0.1.
What constitutes an Electromagnetic Flow Meter for Hot/Chilled Water Systems?
The Electromagnetic Flow Meter for Hot/Chilled Water Systems is constituted of a non-magnetic pipe that is lined with an insulating material. Magnetic coils in paired together are also included and a pairing of electrodes can be found penetrating the pipe and its linings.
Magmeter Excitation
The voltage that is developed at the location which sits the electrodes has been measured to be in millivolt signals. This can be easily converted into a standard current (4 - 20 mA) or into a frequency output of 0 - 10,000 Hz at or in close proximity to the flow tube. With the installation of intelligent magnetic transmitters with digital outputs gives room for direct connection to a distributed control system.
Due to the weakness in strength of the signals generated by the magmeter, the lead wire is shielded (and is advised by manufacturers to be shielded) and twisted if you sort to make the transmitter a remote.
Powering of the magmeter’s coils can be performed through either using alternating or direct currents. During an AC excitation, line voltage is applied to the magnetic coils, this then results in the flow signal becoming more like a sine wave in appearance. The amplitude of the wave is proportional to velocity.
Noise voltages can also be induced in the electrode loop in addition to the flow signal. Out-of-phase noise can be easily filtered, but in-phase noise has the requirement of the stoppage of the flow (with the pipe full) and the transmitter output set to zero.
One main issue with the AC magmeter designs is that the noise can vary with process conditions and frequency re-zeroing is required to maintain accuracy.
In a DC excitation design, a low frequency (7 – 30 Hz) DC pulse is used to stimulate the magnetic coils. When the coils are pulsed on, the transmitter reads both the flow and noise signals. In between pulses, the transmitter only the identifies noise signal. Therefore, the noise can be continuously eliminated afte
Electromagnetic flowmeters measure liquid flow using Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. They generate a magnetic field which induces a voltage in conductive liquids proportional to flow velocity. This voltage is measured by electrodes and converted to a standardized output. Key features include a choice of wetted materials, remote or integral transmitter, accuracy from 0.5-1% of measured value, and suitability for pipes 10mm to 600mm handling corrosive or aggressive liquids. They are used in chemical, petrochemical, and other process industries.
This document summarizes research on multiphase flow instrumentation and measurement techniques being developed in Brazil. It describes three sensors: 1) A resonant cavity sensor that measures water cut using resonance frequency shifts; 2) An electrical capacitance tomograph that estimates phase fractions using capacitance measurements between electrode pairs; 3) A wire-mesh sensor that provides 2D phase distribution images using conductivity or capacitance measurements at wire crossings. Experiments show the techniques can accurately measure phase fractions in oil-water and air-water flows.
The document provides details about three experiments conducted using instrumentation and control systems lab equipment:
1. The first experiment investigates strain gauges and how metal foil gauges can be used to measure strain. A linear relationship was observed between position and output voltage.
2. The second experiment uses a Wheatstone bridge circuit to determine the value of an unknown resistor. The measured value matched closely with the theoretical value.
3. The third experiment studies a linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) and how it can convert mechanical displacement into an electrical output signal. Graphs of AC and DC output versus core position showed the expected linear relationship.
This document discusses signal conditioning, which involves processing sensor output signals to prepare them for the next stage of a measurement system. Common issues with raw sensor outputs are low amplitude, noise, and incorrect voltage/current form. Signal conditioning circuits are used to amplify, filter, convert, and isolate signals to meet requirements. Processes like amplification, filtering, attenuation, linearization, and bridge completion are described. Signal conditioning is necessary to convert sensor outputs into a form that can be accurately measured, processed, transmitted, and stored in digital systems.
Water is the most vital utility in any industry, hence Manas has produced an affordable variety of electromagnetic flowmeters for accurate water flow measurement.
Wafer Style electromagnetic Flow Meter, called Jal-Oagh provides the solution to knowing your water use, not only by guesswork but by proper instrumentation with economy and fairly good accuracy.
Sizes available for Wafer Type are DN 50 to DN 200
The document describes the RBEF-E Mini Magnetic Inductive Flow Meter, a compact, low-cost magnetic inductive flow meter for measuring the flow of conductive liquids. It uses magnetic induction and has no moving parts. Key features include full-bore design with minimal pressure drop, small pipe sizes from DN3 to DN20, economical price, and optional temperature measurement, display, and outputs like 4-20mA, pulse, and Modbus. It is suitable for applications in food/beverage, chemicals, cooling systems, pharmaceuticals, plumbing, and animal feeding where reliable low-pressure flow measurement is needed.
1) A new coreless transformer design is presented that can measure voltage at medium voltage levels for power quality applications. It has high linearity, galvanic isolation, and a wide frequency range.
2) The transformer output voltage is proportional to the derivative of the input voltage. An integrator must be used to obtain an output voltage proportional to the input voltage.
3) Simulations and laboratory tests showed the transformer accurately measures voltage signals up to 15kV with deviations below 1% and is immune to noise due to its derivative behavior and use of an integrator.
1) A new coreless transformer design is presented for power quality measurement at medium voltage levels that provides galvanic isolation, high linearity, and a wide frequency range.
2) The transformer output voltage is proportional to the derivative of the input voltage, requiring integration to obtain the voltage proportional to the input.
3) Simulation and laboratory tests showed the transformer accurately measures voltage signals up to 1.5 kHz, including distorted waveforms, and is immune to noise due to the integrating output.
The RBEF-E Mini Magnetic Inductive Flow Meter is a compact, low-cost, inductive magnetic flow meter that measures the flow of conductive liquids using Faraday's law of magnetic induction. It has no moving parts, results in no additional pressure drops, and is designed for continuous measurement of conductive liquids in small pipe sizes ranging from DN2.5 to DN20. Key features include full-bore design, magneto-inductive technology, economical pricing, and optional display, temperature measurement, outputs, and liners.
Design of up converter at 2.4GHz using Analog VLSI with 22nm Technologyijsrd.com
This document describes the design of an up converter at 2.4GHz using Analog VLSI with 22nm technology. It summarizes the design of a previous up converter at 2.4GHz using 0.18um technology. It then discusses the simulation of a Gilbert mixer up converter with different input frequencies and local oscillator signals. Parameters like width to length ratio, input common mode range, noise margin, and power dissipation are also calculated and analyzed. The goal is to design the up converter with low power dissipation using the recent 22nm technology.
The document describes a project report on wireless power transfer submitted by a student for their Bachelor of Technology degree. It includes a cover page, certificate from the project guide, acknowledgements, declaration, table of contents, and sections describing the abstract, block diagram, hardware requirements including various electronic components, schematic diagram, hardware testing, results, future prospects, medical applications, and conclusion.
A new precision peak detector full wave rectifierVishal kakade
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new precision peak detector/full-wave rectifier circuit based on dual-output current conveyors. The key points are:
1) The proposed circuit uses MOS transistors, a phase shifter, and dual-output current conveyors to generate a DC output voltage equal to the peak amplitude of the input sinusoidal signal over a wide frequency range.
2) An all-pass filter is used to shift the phase of the input signal by 90 degrees. This allows the circuit to fully rectify both halves of the sinusoidal wave.
3) Simulation results show the circuit has very low ripple voltage and harmonic distortion compared to existing techniques, making it
This document provides an operating manual for an electromagnetic flow meter converter that is battery powered. It includes sections on performance indexes, requirements for matched sensors, mounting drawings, pictures of converters, definitions of signal lines, flow verification procedures, setting meter parameters, and alarm displays. The converter uses lithium batteries that can power it for 3 years, and it has communication capabilities via GPRS or CDMA networks. It is designed to work with common electromagnetic flow meters to provide flow rate measurement.
Pemesanan produk, hubungi PT Siwali Swantika melalui WhatsApp, Jakarta : 0811-1519-949 (chat only) | Surabaya : 0811-1519-948 (chat only). Kunjungi website kami di www.siwali.com, untuk detail informasi spesifikasi dan model alat.
We have very commenly used two types of Magnetic Level Gauge in our range - Follower Capsule type and Bi-color type.
These Magnetic Gauges are installed outside of a vessel or tank either on the top of the tank or, on the side. The liquid level in the tank can easily be observed from the change of the flag color or, follower type magnet. Optional devices of magnetic switch and level transducer can be added for electrical signal output and level transmitting.
Process Connection : Flanged or, Screwed
Range : 300 mm up to 3500 mm
Construction of guide pipe : SS or, PP
Specific Gravity of Liquid : min. 0.7
Current transformers are used to measure high alternating currents and provide safety isolation. They work by inducing a current in the secondary winding that is proportional to the primary current passing through the transformer core. Current transformers scale down large primary currents to safer secondary currents used for instrumentation and protection devices. They are used extensively in power generation, transmission and distribution systems to monitor operations and protect equipment.
Hall generators and low resistance shunts are used to measure high direct currents. Hall generators use the Hall effect - when a current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, a voltage is produced perpendicular to the current and field. This voltage is proportional to the current. Low resistance shunts measure the small voltage drop across the shunt, which is proportional to the current.
Current transformers are used to measure high power alternating currents, as they provide electrical isolation. Electro-optical techniques transmit the voltage signal through an optical fiber to improve accuracy at high voltages.
Resistive shunts, magnetic probes, and Hall/Faraday effect devices are used for high frequency and impulse currents. Res
Similar to Bcst-jc090 electromagnetic flowmeter catalog (20)
The document describes the JC-080 smart vortex flowmeter. It can measure the flow of industrial fluids like gas, liquid, and steam with high accuracy. It has a low pressure loss and wide measurement range. The flowmeter uses the Karman vortex street principle to measure volumetric flow by detecting vortex shedding frequency from a bluff body in the flow stream. It provides pulse output signals and 4-20 mA current output. The document provides technical specifications, operating principles, installation requirements, and model selection guidelines.
BCST can make compact electromagnetic flow meter , insertion electromagnetic flow meter , JC090, JC091 , welcome to visit our website www.bcstgroup.com
BCST Flow Measurement Solution , include electromagnetic flow meter , ultrasonic flow meter , vortex flow meter , thermal mass gas flow meter , v-cone flow meter
This document provides information on various flowmeter models from Jiangsu Jiechuang Science and Technology Co., Ltd. It lists 12 models of flowmeters from JC-090 to JC-010 that can measure liquids, gases, and steam with pipe sizes ranging from DN10 to DN6000. Key specifications listed include material, viscosity range, accuracy, temperature range, power supply, and more. It also provides a functional safety verification certificate from Ente Certificazione Macchine, verifying that several of the listed models are capable of safety instrumented function (SIF) applications up to SIL 2 level when properly designed into the safety system.
This document provides specifications for the JC-56L Magnetic Level Indicator. It includes information on available models with different outputs, materials, densities, temperatures, pressures, and flange sizes. An example model is specified: the basic type, side mounted, without output, with a 304 stainless steel body, 0.45-0.51 g/cm3 density, operating at 1.6MPa and normal temperature, with a 2" ANSI flange and 500mm measuring range. The second document is a safety certificate from Ente Certificazione Macchine verifying the JC-56L and other models are capable of Safety Integrity Level 2 when used properly in safety systems, as outlined in IEC
Newest catalog for Jiangsu Jiechuang Science And Technology Co.,Ltd Emily Xu
This document lists different types of instruments including flow, pressure, calibration, temperature, level, and display instruments as well as control valves and others. The document does not provide details about the instruments but rather lists their types with dashes of varying lengths below each type.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise stimulates the production of endorphins in the brain which can help alleviate feelings of stress or sadness.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Design and optimization of ion propulsion dronebjmsejournal
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...bijceesjournal
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
2. Electromagnetic Flow meter
Electromagnetic Flow meter
Simple structures, firm, no movable parts and long operation life.(Guarantee in 1 year)
No intercepting fluid parts, no pressure loss and fluid clogging.
No mechanical inertia, quick response and good stability, application in automatic examination,
adjustment & controlling.
Measuring accuracy not influenced by physical parameters such as style, temperature, viscosity,
density and pressure.
Employ Teflon or rubber liner and different combination of electrode material such as Hastelloy C,
Hastelloy B, 316L, and Titanium and adapt the need of different mediums.
Integral type flow meters and remote type fl
LCD back light display with high clearness
Bi-direction measurement (Option)
Approved from CE, EMC,ISO.
Programming language: English .
★ LED display(Option)
★ Data Logging ability
★ Range-ability(turn down): 20:1
★ Reputability: Below 0.25%
Electromagnetic flow meter is a kind of induction
instrument designed by Faraday’s law of
electromagnetic induction to measure flow of conductive
media in the tube. It adopts the technology of insertion
of single chip to realize digital excitation and employs
CAN local fieldbus.
Electromagnetic flow meter can realize local indication
and output electrical current signal of 4-20mA which can
be used to record, adjust and control. Electromagnetic
flow meters are widely used in industrial sectors such as
chemical industry, environmental protection, metallurgy,
pharmaceutical, paper making, water supply and
removal etc.
Besides measuring flow of general conductive liquid
electromagnetic flow meter can measure flow of liquid-
solid mixed fluid, high-viscosity fluid and salt, strong
acid and strong alkali.
Description of products
Features
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4. E = K B d V
Electromagnetic Flow meter
Working principle
Electromagnetic flow meter is based on Faraday’s law of
electro-magnetic induction. The measuring tube is a non-
magnetic-conductive alloy short pipe with a inside-liner of
insulated materials.
Along the pipeline the two electrodes perforate the pipe
and are fixed on the measuring pipe.
The head of the electrodes is basically paralleled with inner
surface of the liner. When excitation coils excited by
bidirectional square-wave pulse, a working magnetic field
with magnetic flux density B will generate in the direction
vertical with the measuring pipeline.
At this time if the flux with specific electro-conductivity flows
through the measuring pipe, the line of magnetic force will
induct electromotive force E. Electromotive force E is in
positive proportion to magnetic flux B, product of inside
diameter d and average flow velocity v, electromotive force
E (flow signal) is examined by electrodes and sent through
cable to transducer. After the transducer magnifies flow
signal, the flow rate of flux will be displayed, and capable of
outputting pulse and analog current, used to control and
adjust flow.
In the formula, d is a constant. Because the excitation
current is constant B is also a constant.
We can know from E = KBdV that volume flow Q is in
positive proportion to signal voltage E, that is, signal
voltage E inducted by flow velocity is in linear relation to
volume flow Q.
So if only E is measured ten flow rate Q can be defined.
This is the basic working principle of electromagnetic flow
meter.
From E=KBdV we can know that the temperature of
measured flux, density, pressure, electro-conductivity and
the liquid-solid proportion of the liquid-solid mixed flux will
not affect measurement result.
To moving condition if only it accords with the flow of axial
symmetry (such as laminar flow) it will not affect the result
of measurement.
Therefore, we say that electromagnetic flow meter is a
genuine volume flow meter.
For manufacturer and users, if only practically calibrated
with average water can volume flow of any other
conductive flux be measured, without any amendment.
This is a prominent merit of electromagnetic flow meter
while any other flow meter doesn’t possess. In the
measuring pipe there’s no moving and choking parts,
therefore there’s nearly no pressure loss, and the reliability
is very high.
Working Principle
E --- Internal electrode signal voltage (v)
B---- Density of magnetic flux (T)
d---- Internal diameter of measuring pipe (m)
V --- Average flow velocity (m/s)
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5. C C of Products
onfirmation of measuring range
Electromagnetic Flow meter
Generally for electromagnetic flow meter used in
industry the flow velocity of measured medium
should be 2~ 4m/s. Under special conditions the
minimum flow rate should be not less than 0.3m/s,
and the maximum should be not more than 8m/s. If
the medium includes solid granules, the usual flow
rate should be less than 3m/s to prevent the liner
and electrodes from excessively rubbing. To those
viscous liquid, the flow rate should be more than
2m/s. The bigger flow rate is conducive to
automatically eliminating the role of viscid
substances apposed on the electrodes and
advancing the accuracy. Under the condition that the
span Q is defined, diameter D of flow meter can be
decided according to the above flow velocity V, and
the value is counted according to the following
formula:
Q =
Π D2
V
4
Q : flow rate(m3/h)
D : Internal Diameter (m)
V : flow velocity(m/h)
Span Q of electromagnetic flow meter should be
more than anticipated max value of flow rate. While
the normal value of flow rate should be slightly more
than 50% of full scale of the span of flow meters.
lassification
Series smart electromagnetic flow meters consist of
sensor and smart signal transducer.
And it can be classified into two structures- integral
type and remote type according to the set-up form of
the sensor and transducer. In terms of integral type
electromagnetic flow meters, transducer and sensor
directly assembles as a whole and cannot be
dissociated.
It is usually used at the scene where the
environmental situation is good.
To remote type electromagnetic flow meters
transducer composes a product through a special
electric cable and sensor.
The sensor is installed at the scene and the
transducer is installed in the place where the
conditions are good. It is usually used at the scene
where the environmental situation is poor, such as
underground wells, high temperature and the place
where people cannot reach.
Pictures of Transducers
COMP OUT POWER Switch
Battery type Remote type
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6. Electromagnetic Flow meter
Technical data
Items Description
Suitable Diameter DN ~DN2600 (below DN15 on-standard)
Electrode no. 2~3pcs
Min conductivity More than 5 microsimens.
Suitable Fluid Liquid with conductive ratio more than 5 µs/cm
Measuring Range 0.5~10m/s (extendable to 15m/s)
Upper Limit of Span 0.5~10m/s. 1~5m/s recommended
Accuracy 0.3% (Option), 0.5%, 1.0% of F.S..
Repeatability Below 0.25%
Display of Converter
Display : Flow rate ( 4-digits), Totalizer (9-digits), Velocity, Alarm status
by LCD ( LED-option)
Scale unit: selectable of L/h, L/m, L/s, m
3
/h, m
3
/m, m
3
/s
Flow direction : selectable by program
3 Digits display below of decimal points.
K-factor: 5 digits.
Data logger for 2-3years.
Programming language: English, Korean(on request)
Mounting: Integral type; Remote Type
Power AC: 220V, 50-60Hz; DC: +24V(Option)
Output Signals
4~20m ADC, load ≤ 750ohm,
0~3kHz, 5V with source and changeable width.
High terminal and effective frequency output
Voltage output:0-5 V DC
Conduit connection M20 * 1.5 Thread
Communication Interface RS-232; RS-485; HART
Operation Pressure 1.0MPa, 1.6MPa, 4.0MPa, 6.3 MPa , special need confirm us
Fluid Temperature -20°C~80°C, 80°C ~130°C, 130°C ~180°C Depending on Lining Material
Ambient Temperature Sensor -40°C ~80°C. transducer -15°C ~50°C
Ambient Humidity ≤ 85%RH (at 20C)
Cable Outlet Size M20×1.5
Power Supply 220VAC±10%, 50-60Hz±1Hz, 24VDC±10%, Battery power (3-5years)
Power Consumption ≤ 8W
Protection Ratings Integral type: IP65. Remote type: sensor IP68, transducer IP65.
Materials
Electrode 316L (stainless steel), Hastelloy C, Hastelloy B, Titanium, Tantalum, etc.
Liner PTFE, Soft rubber, Hard rubber, F46, FS, PUR.
Measuring tube SUS 304
Flange Carbone Steal
Ground ring 316L (stainless steel), HC, Ti, Ta, Cu.
Connection of Flange
National Standard GB9119-88 (DIN2051, BS4504), JIS, ANSI. Screw.
Tri-clamp for sanitary application
Insertion type.
EX-proof protection Exde ib ii BT2
Quality control ISO9001-2008, CE
10 n
,1/2"NPT
, 1/2"NPT
,304SS ,316SS
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,
7. Product
Electromagnetic Flow meter
Selection
1. Model Selection Sheet 2
Code
Nominal
Diameter (mm)
Flow Range
(m
3
/h)
Code
Nominal
Diameter (mm)
Flow Range
(m
3
/h)
-15
-20
-25
-32
-40
-50
-65
-80
-100
125
-150
-200
-250
-300
-350
-400
DN15
DN20
DN25
DN32
DN40
DN50
DN65
DN80
DN100
DN125
DN150
DN200
DN250
DN300
DN350
DN400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
DN-450
DN-500
DN-600
DN-700
DN-800
DN-900
DN-1000
DN-1200
DN-1400
DN-1600
DN-1800
DN-2000
DN-2200
DN-2400
DN-2600
Code Electrode Material
K1
K2
K3
K4
K5
K6
K7
SS 316L
Hastelloy B
Hastelloy C
Titanium
Tantalum
Pt/Iridium Alloy
Stainless Steel Painting Tungsten Carbide
Code Material of liner
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
C7
PTFE (F4 or Teflon)
Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene (FEP)
FS
Neoprene (Soft Rubber)
Polyurethane Rubber (PUR)
Hard Rubber
PFA
Code Function
E1
E2
E3
X4
F1
F2
F3
F4
T1
T2
T3
P1
P2
P3
P4
P0
D1
D2
D3
J1
J2
J3
Class 0.3%
Class 0.5%
Class 1.0%
Class 0.2%
4~20mA DC, load ≤750Ω
0~3kHz, 5V active, changeable pulse, high-terminal and effective frequency output
RS 485 interface (Modbus)
HART
Normal Temperature
High Temperature
Ultra Temperature
1.0MPa
1.6MPa
4.0MPa
16MPa
Special Pressure
220VAC+10%; 50Hz+ 1Hz
24VDC+10%
Battery Operated
Integral Type
Remote Type
Explosion
-
JC090-10
JC090
JC090
JC090
JC090
JC090
JC090
JC090
JC090
JC090
JC090-
JC090
JC090
JC090
JC090
JC090
JC090
DN10 0.04-2.8
0.19-6.36
0.34-11.3
0.53-17.66
0.87-28.94
1.36-45.22
2.12-70.65
3.58-119.40
5.43-180.86
8.48-282.6
13.25-441.56
19.08-635.85
33.91-1130.4
52.99-1766.25
76.30-2543.40
103.86-3461.85
135.65-4521.60
JC090-
JC090-
JC090-
JC090-
JC090-
JC090-
JC090-
JC090-
JC090-
JC090-
JC090-
JC090-
JC090-
JC090-
JC090-
171.00-5722.65
211.95-7065.00
305.21-10173.00
415.42-13847.40
542.59-18086.40
686.72-22890.60
847.80-28260.00
1220.83-40694.40
1661.69-55389.60
2170.37-72345.6
2746.87-91562.40
3391.20-113040.00
4103.35-136778.40
4883.33-162777.60
5731.13-191037.6
W1 Flange connection
Standard:ANSI,JIS,DIN,GB
W2 Thread connection
NPT,BSP,G1",2"...
W3 Sanitary connection
Tri-clamp
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F5 A: Profibus PA/ D: Profibus DP ( F5A is Profibus PA ,F5D is Profibus DP )
8. Electromagnetic Flow meter
2. Selection of Liner
Sheet 3
Material of Liner Main Functions
Max Fluid Temp.
Application
Integral Remote
Teflon
(PTFE)
1. Most steady plastic of chemical living
energy; resist boiling hydrochloric acid,
sulfuric acid, nitric acid, nitro-
hydrochloric
acid, thick alkali and all kinds of organic
solvent; not resist chlorine trifluoride,
chlorine trifluoride of high temperature,
liquid fluorine of high rate, liquid
fluorine,
corrosion of ozone.
2. Performance of resisting abrasion not
as good as polyurethane rubber.
3. Capability of resisting sub atmospheric
pressure not as good as
polychlorobutadiene rubber.
100°C
120°C
~150°C
(require
special
order)
1. Thick acid,
alkali, etc.
with strong
corrosion
2. Sanitary
mediums
3. Industrial Waste
water
Fluorinated
Ethylene
Propylene (FEP or
F46)
Same
above
Fs
Upper limit of suitable temperature lower
than teflon, as well as cost
80°C
Polychlorobutadiene
rubber
1. Excellent elasticity, high strength of
pulling apart, good performance of
resisting abrasion
2. Resist corrosion of generally low-
density
acid, alkali and salt; not resist corrosion
of
oxidized matters
70°C
80°C
120°C
(require
special
order)
Water, sewage,
Mud and pulp with
Weak abrasion.
Polyurethane rubber
1. Strong performance of resisting
abrasion
2. Poor performance of resisting corrosion
80°C
Neutral pulp, coal
And mud with
Strong Abrasion.
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1. Having the same abration resistance with
PTFE.
2.Resistance for low abration.3.Having strong
resistance to load pressure
9. Electromagnetic Flow meter
3. Selection of Materials of Electrodes
Sheet 4
Materials of
electrodes
Performance of resisting erosion and abrasion
Stainless steel
0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti
Apply to industrial water, domestic water, polluted water, etc. with weak erosion,
applied in petroleum chemical industry, steel and iron, etc. and fields in government
and environmental protection.
Hastelloy B
Good performance of resisting erosion to hydrochloric acid of all degrees of density
below the boiling point; resisting sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrofluoric acid,
organic acid, etc. non- chlorine acid, alkali, erosion of non-oxidized salty fluid.
Hastelloy C
Resisting non-oxidized acid, such as nitric acid, nitration mixture, or the erosion of the
mixture of chromic acid and sulfuric acid; resisting oxidized salt such as Fe +++, Cu++ or
the erosion of other oxidizers, such as the erosion of higher than normal temperature
hypochlorite liquor and the sea water.
Titanium
Resisting erosion of sea water, all kinds of chloride and hypochlorite, oxidized acids
(including Fuming sulfuric acid), organic acid, alkali; not resisting the erosion of purer
reducing acids( such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid); if oxidizer exists in acids
(such as nitric acid, Fe+++. Cu++) the erosion will reduce greatly.
Tantalum
Good performance of resisting erosion, similar to glass; Besides hydrofluoric acid,
fuming nitric acid, alkali, nearly can resist erosion of all chemical mediums (including
boiling hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and below 150°C sulfuric acid ).
Not resisting erosion in alkali.
Pt/ Iridium Alloy Can nearly resist all chemical matters, not fit for aqua and ammonium salt
Stainless Steel
Painting
Tungsten Carbide
Fit for mediums without erosion and strong attrition
Remarks:
Due to multiple types the erosion is subject to complex factors such as temperature, density, flow rate etc.,
This sheet is for reference only. Users should make decision according to practical conditions, if necessary make
experiment of resisting erosion of to-be-chosen materials, such as the experiment of hanging pieces.
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18. Flow,Pressure,Level Instrumentation,Control Valve Manufacturer rer
Add: 288#,Tongtai road , Jinhu Indutrial Park , Huai'an,Jiangsu
Tel: 0086-517-86989565 Fax:0086-517-86980638
Skype:emilyxyd Whatsapp:008615052699328
Email:info@bcstgroup.com sales@bcstgroup.com
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Magnetic Flow
meter
Pipe In-line Flange connection
Type Compact type Remote Type Large size SS sanitary SS body Thread Battery type High pressure Cement Slurry
Pipe size DN6 to DN 2600 (1/4" to 100") Dn15 to DN 100 (1/2" to 4" )
DN15 to DN300
(1/2" to 12")
DN15 to DN1200
(1/2" to 48")
DN80-DN800(3" tp
30")
Pressure 1.6/2.5/4 Mpa (150#/300#/600#) 1.6/2.5MPA 1.6/2.5MPA 1.6/2.5/4 Mpa 25Mpa 1.6/2.5/4 Mpa
Process Connection Flange (DIN,ANSI , JIS etc ) Tri-clamp Thread NPT ,BSP Flange (DIN,ANSI , JIS etc )
Power Supply 24 VDC±10%/220 VAC /110 VAC/120 VAC Battery type 24 VDC±10%/220 VAC ± 10%
Output 4-20ma /pulse (frequency ) pulse /RS485 4-20ma /pulse (frequency )
Communication RS485 /Hart
Lining PTFE, soft rubber, hard rubber, PFA, F46 ,Polyurethane etc PTFE
Fluid Liquid with conductive ratio more than 5 μs/cm
Temperature Rubber liner : -25 to 70 °C,PTFE liner below 100 °C, PFA liner below 150 °C
Display unit L/h, L/m,L/s , m3/h, m3/min , m3/s ,m3/h, kg/h
19. Flow,Pressure,Level Instrumentation,Control Valve Manufacturer
www.bcstgroup.com info@bcstgroup.com
Insertion
Mag Flow meter
Insertion Type
Compact type Remote type Battery type With built-in Pressure sensr
Pipe size Dn 100-DN 2600 (4" to)100"
Pressure
Process Connection Ball valve +welded seat
Power Supply 24VDC/220VAC 24VDC/220VAC Battery type 24VDC/220VAC /Battery
Output 4-20ma /pulse (frequency ) Pulse 4-20ma /pulse (frequency )
Communication RS 485
Lining PVDF
Fluid Liquid with conductive ratio more than 5 μs/cm
Temperature Below 120 °C
Display unit L/h, L/m,L/s , m3/h, m3/min , m3/s ,m3/h, kg/h