Valve Selection & Sizing
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Brief description about sizing consideration of valves in process industries & selection as per control strategy.
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Control valves are devices used to modify fluid flow rates in process systems. There are two basic types - rotary motion valves with ball, butterfly, or plug closures, and linear motion valves with globe, diaphragm, or pinch closures. Common actuator types are pneumatic (piston or diaphragm actuators) and electric (VMD or modulating). Actuators position the valve closure based on a control signal to accurately control fluid flow.
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1. The document discusses procedures for calculating pressure safety valve (PSV) sizes for various scenarios that could lead to overpressure. It covers scenarios like closed outlets, external fires, control valve failures, hydraulic expansion, heat exchanger tube ruptures, and power or cooling failures.
2. Calculation methods include enthalpy balances for fractionating columns and the use of relief equations specified in codes like API 521. Worst cases are chosen from all possible scenarios to determine the required PSV size.
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Control Valves
A Control Valve is the most commonly used
final control element used to regulate fluid flow in
a process. In a process, normally it is the only
controllable element residing in the loop.
Ø This is a device used to modulate flow of
process fluid in pipe lines by creating a variable
area in the flow path.
Ø The flow path is varied with respect to the
control signal received from the controller
towards the required flow modulation.
Recommended
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Control valves are devices used to modify fluid flow rates in process systems. There are two basic types - rotary motion valves with ball, butterfly, or plug closures, and linear motion valves with globe, diaphragm, or pinch closures. Common actuator types are pneumatic (piston or diaphragm actuators) and electric (VMD or modulating). Actuators position the valve closure based on a control signal to accurately control fluid flow.
Control valve ppt
This document discusses control valves, including their applications in flow, level, pressure, and temperature control. It defines control valves as valves that are remotely controlled to maintain parameters like flow rate, level, pressure, and temperature. The document then covers classifications of control valves based on actuator and valve action. It also discusses components like the valve body and actuator. Characteristics, plugs, cages, and typical valve types are described. Failure modes and valve leakage classes are defined.
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Control valves are used to control process variables like pressure, flow, level and temperature. They work with a controller to form a control loop. The control valve manipulates the flow of process fluids like gas, steam, water or chemicals. It has a valve body, internal trim parts, an actuator and accessories. Control valves are classified based on their design as linear or rotary, and based on operation as throttling or on-off. Cavitation or flashing can occur if the downstream pressure reduces below the vapor pressure of the fluid.
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Psv scenario-and-calculation
1. The document discusses procedures for calculating pressure safety valve (PSV) sizes for various scenarios that could lead to overpressure. It covers scenarios like closed outlets, external fires, control valve failures, hydraulic expansion, heat exchanger tube ruptures, and power or cooling failures.
2. Calculation methods include enthalpy balances for fractionating columns and the use of relief equations specified in codes like API 521. Worst cases are chosen from all possible scenarios to determine the required PSV size.
3. Key scenarios discussed in detail include closed outlets on vessels, external fires, failures of automatic controls, hydraulic expansion, heat exchanger tube ruptures, total and partial power failures, reflux losses,
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Pressure relief devices are important safety components that protect process equipment from overpressure. Standards like the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code provide guidelines for the proper design, installation, and sizing of relief valves, rupture disks, and other pressure relief devices. These standards help ensure personnel safety and prevent equipment damage in the event excess pressure develops from sources like explosions, fires, or pump failures.
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This document provides an overview of control valves, including applicable standards, types of control valves, leakage classes, characteristics, selection criteria, and noise and cavitation controls. It discusses control valve fundamentals like flow characterization using different cage designs, cavitation and flashing issues, and remedies. The document also summarizes Reliance Petroleum's control valve selection process and installed base of control valves from manufacturers like Fisher, ABB, and CCI.
Control Valves
A Control Valve is the most commonly used
final control element used to regulate fluid flow in
a process. In a process, normally it is the only
controllable element residing in the loop.
Ø This is a device used to modulate flow of
process fluid in pipe lines by creating a variable
area in the flow path.
Ø The flow path is varied with respect to the
control signal received from the controller
towards the required flow modulation.
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Valves have different types and functions depending on the type of service. The main types are on-off valves like gate valves, plug valves, and ball valves which are used to start and stop flow. Throttling or regulating valves like globe valves and butterfly valves are used to control the flow rate. Check valves prevent backflow and include swing check valves, lift check valves, and ball check valves. Pressure relief valves like safety valves and relief valves are used to release excess pressure to protect systems. Control valves combined with actuators, controllers and sensors are used for automatic pressure control.
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either the flow or the pressure of the fluid. This duty may involve stopping
and starting flow, controlling flow rate, diverting flow, preventing back
flow, controlling pressure, or relieving pressure.
Pressure safety valves
This document provides an overview of early sizing considerations for pressure safety valves (PSVs). It discusses important terminologies, types of PSVs, sizing basis, applicable standards, and the early sizing procedure. The procedure involves selecting possible orifice areas to meet capacity requirements. The objectives of early sizing are to remove holds in piping and instrumentation diagrams and allow early release of piping designs. The document also discusses inter-discipline interfaces, lessons learned, and quality management system documents related to PSV sizing.
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- It covers PSV types, causes of chattering, and outlines the step-by-step process for sizing calculations including developing relief scenarios, determining required relief areas, and selecting valve sizes.
- Relief scenarios considered include blocked outlets, thermal expansion, tube rupture, gas blow-by, inlet valve failure, and exterior fires. Relief calculations involve assessing single-phase, two-phase, and transient relief situations.
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This document describes different types of valves and their functions, including:
- On-off valves like gate valves, plug valves, ball valves which are used to fully open or close flow.
- Throttling valves like globe valves and butterfly valves which are used to control the rate of flow.
- Check valves which allow flow in only one direction to prevent backflow.
- Pressure relief valves which open at a set pressure to release excess pressure and protect systems.
- Control valves and the components that are used in pneumatic pressure control systems.
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Safety valves are automatic pressure relief devices that prevent excessive pressure buildup in systems like reactors, pipelines, and compressors. They open rapidly when pressure exceeds the set point to safely release pressure and reclose once normal pressure is restored. Proper safety valve design and sizing according to codes like API 520 and 526 is critical to ensure the valve can relieve the required flow rate without overpressurizing equipment. Key parameters include pressure conditions, required flow rate, orifice area, and type of valve.
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Excel sheet Download Link: https://www.scribd.com/document/385945712/PSV-Sizing-Tool-API-Based-Calc-Sheets
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Valves are the components in a fluid flow or pressure system that regulate
either the flow or the pressure of the fluid. This duty may involve stopping
and starting flow, controlling flow rate, diverting flow, preventing back
flow, controlling pressure, or relieving pressure.
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Get an overview of pressure relief value and its elements. This document has also highlighted specification and advantage of pressure relief valve.
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Valves have different types and functions depending on the type of service. The main types are on-off valves like gate valves, plug valves, and ball valves which are used to start and stop flow. Throttling or regulating valves like globe valves and butterfly valves are used to control the flow rate. Check valves prevent backflow and include swing check valves, lift check valves, and ball check valves. Pressure relief valves like safety valves and relief valves are used to release excess pressure to protect systems. Control valves combined with actuators, controllers and sensors are used for automatic pressure control.
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Control valves are used to control conditions like flow, pressure, temperature, and liquid level by opening or closing in response to signals from controllers. The document discusses sizing, construction, and types of control valves. It covers topics like globe body design, ANSI standards for sizing and construction, end preparations, and tests conducted on control valves like hydrostatic shell tests and functional tests. Actuator types and positioners are also mentioned. Standards for sizing, testing, cavitation, and noise are listed.
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flow characteristics of control valves
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In this day and age of automated computer control valve sizing, the logic and theories behind it are invisible. In his presentation, Al Holton of Allagash Valve & Controls will look at the basic principles that apply and how they affect the application and installation of a wide range of control valve types. He will also review the reasoning behind valve type selection.
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Valves are the components in a fluid flow or pressure system that regulate
either the flow or the pressure of the fluid. This duty may involve stopping
and starting flow, controlling flow rate, diverting flow, preventing back
flow, controlling pressure, or relieving pressure.
Pressure safety valves
This document provides an overview of early sizing considerations for pressure safety valves (PSVs). It discusses important terminologies, types of PSVs, sizing basis, applicable standards, and the early sizing procedure. The procedure involves selecting possible orifice areas to meet capacity requirements. The objectives of early sizing are to remove holds in piping and instrumentation diagrams and allow early release of piping designs. The document also discusses inter-discipline interfaces, lessons learned, and quality management system documents related to PSV sizing.
psv and pvrvdesign calculation.ppt
- The document discusses sizing pressure safety valves (PSVs) for oil and gas facilities.
- It covers PSV types, causes of chattering, and outlines the step-by-step process for sizing calculations including developing relief scenarios, determining required relief areas, and selecting valve sizes.
- Relief scenarios considered include blocked outlets, thermal expansion, tube rupture, gas blow-by, inlet valve failure, and exterior fires. Relief calculations involve assessing single-phase, two-phase, and transient relief situations.
Troubleshooting of Distillation
Distillation is one of the widely used separation method in most of the chemical process industries. Improper design
/operation & maintenance leads to various troubles like reduced plant capacity, poor quality of separated products,
high energy (utility) consumption, etc.
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This document describes different types of valves and their functions, including:
- On-off valves like gate valves, plug valves, ball valves which are used to fully open or close flow.
- Throttling valves like globe valves and butterfly valves which are used to control the rate of flow.
- Check valves which allow flow in only one direction to prevent backflow.
- Pressure relief valves which open at a set pressure to release excess pressure and protect systems.
- Control valves and the components that are used in pneumatic pressure control systems.
Safety valve in process industry1
Safety valves are automatic pressure relief devices that prevent excessive pressure buildup in systems like reactors, pipelines, and compressors. They open rapidly when pressure exceeds the set point to safely release pressure and reclose once normal pressure is restored. Proper safety valve design and sizing according to codes like API 520 and 526 is critical to ensure the valve can relieve the required flow rate without overpressurizing equipment. Key parameters include pressure conditions, required flow rate, orifice area, and type of valve.
PSV Sizing - API Based
Excel sheet Download Link: https://www.scribd.com/document/385945712/PSV-Sizing-Tool-API-Based-Calc-Sheets
PSV Sizing for Blocked Liquid Discharge Condition
PSV Sizing for Blocked Gas Discharge Condition
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This document provides an overview of control valves, pressure regulators, and solenoid valves. It defines a control valve as a final control element used to manipulate flow for process control. It describes various types of control valves based on control action, flow characteristics, construction, and movement. Pressure regulating valves are designed to maintain a set pressure. Solenoid valves use an electric solenoid to switch ports and are commonly used as control accessories.
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Control Loop Foundation for Batch and Continuous Control
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This document provides information about common control valve components and types. It discusses how positioners have advanced to take input from sensors, alter control functions, modify valve movements, and interface with communication systems. It then focuses on the most widely used control valve types for industrial fluids: globe valves, rotary valves like ball valves and butterfly valves, and their characteristics. Key factors in valve sizing like system definition, allowable pressure drop, valve characteristic, preliminary selection, and minimum flow are also covered.
Valve type-modi-11
This document discusses control valves and their components. It provides details on common valve types including globe valves, ball valves, butterfly valves, and plug valves. It describes the basic components of each valve type as well as their typical applications, advantages, and disadvantages. It also discusses factors to consider when selecting and sizing a control valve for a given application.
DOC-20240201-WA0004..pdf
1. Hydraulic systems typically operate at higher pressures than pneumatic systems and are suitable for very high loads, while pneumatic systems are generally used for lower pressures and forces.
2. Hydraulic components like cylinders and valves tend to be more expensive than similar pneumatic components.
3. Pneumatic systems use compressed air and flexible tubing, while hydraulic systems use pressurized liquids and metal tubing to withstand higher pressures.
First fare 2013 pneumatics 2013
This document provides information on pneumatic systems for robots. Pneumatics can provide powerful, reliable linear motion and are well-suited for applications that require grabbing, lifting, or braking. The key components of a pneumatic system include compressors, air tanks, regulators, gauges, solenoid valves, tubing, and actuators. Setting up the system properly requires following safety guidelines. Pneumatics are best for fast movements, two-position mechanisms, and creating substantial force but not as good for precision position control or sustained movement. Resources for learning more about pneumatic systems are provided.
pressure relief devices scott ostrowski.ppt
The document discusses various types of pressure relief devices including safety relief valves, rupture discs, and rupture pins. It covers basic terminology related to pressure, code requirements for pressure relief, operating principles and advantages/disadvantages of different relief valve designs like conventional spring-loaded, balanced bellows, and pilot-operated valves. Design considerations for inlet and outlet piping are also addressed, along with causes and solutions for chatter. Rupture discs and pins are compared as alternatives to relief valves in certain applications.
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CONTROL VALVES: CHARACTERISTICS, GAIN & TRANSFER FUNCTION
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Brief about control valves & their sizing and selection
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Valve Selection & Sizing
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