This document discusses the use of base maps in soil surveys. It defines a base map as a map that provides fundamental geographic information that can be overlaid with additional data. The document then describes several common types of base maps used in soil surveys, including line maps, cadastral maps, planimetric maps, and topographic maps. Each base map type provides different levels of geographic detail and features.

1. BASE MAP USE IN SOIL
SURVEY
VENKATESH R
2014004003

2. Soil survey is the systematic examination,
description, classification and mapping of
soils of an area.
Simply, studying and mapping of soils.

3. PURPOSE OF SOIL SURVEY
• To obtain knowledge of soil and its origin.
• To classify and group the soils based on its characteristics.
• To understand the behavior of soil under different
conditions.
• Prediction of soil suitability for various land uses.
• Demarcate fertile and non-fertile land.
• Nutrient status for various region.

4. • Soil geography and mapping are
indispensable components of soil science.
• Pedology and Edapology.
• Therefore, it can be beneficial to review the
historical development of soil mapping, as it
relates to evolving concepts in geography.

5. • The on-line Dictionary of Cartography (2014)
defines a base map as a “map on which
information may be placed for purposes of
comparison or geographical correlation.”
• Base map provides fundamental information,
which can be used as a base upon which
additional data are overprinted. Base map of small
cartographic scale.

6. KINDS OF BASE MAP
• Line Map
• Cadastral Map
• Planimetric Map
• Topographic Map

7. LINE MAP
• Developed by U.S. Census Bureau to aid in the
census as TIGER (Topological Integrated
Geographically Encoding & Referencing) Line
map.
• Base maps were often limited to outline maps,
which provide only positional reference.

8. CADASTRAL MAP
• Cadastral map is a map showing boundaries and ownership
details such as names of the Survey District, Block
numbers.
• Cadastral Map covering smaller areas.
• It can be obtained from government departments (VAO
OFFICE).
• The map scale of Cadastral Map is larger (1:5000).
• It will not have any geo reference.

9. PLANIMETRIC MAP
• The ability to locate features in soil surveys accurately and with
greater detail was markedly enhanced by the use of aerial
photography in the 1930s (Soil Survey Staff, 1951).
• In 1951, standards for interpreting aerial photographs were added to
the U.S. Soil Survey Manual (Soil Survey Staff, 1951).
• From an aerial photograph, interpretations can be made about
geomorphology, landscape position, vegetation, soil wetness,
erosion status, land use, among other parameters useful for
predicting soil properties (Goosen, 1968; Soil Survey Staff, 1993).

10. TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP
• Topographical map are detailed, accurate graphic
representations of features that appear on the earth’s
surface. The features include landscape, topography,
cultural features, water bodies and vegetation. The map
scale of Topographical Map is Smaller (1:50000).
• Although topographic maps usually contain information
about topography, they also regularly include information
on cultural features, water bodies, and vegetation.

11. AGE OF GEOGRAPHIC
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
• REMOTE SENSING
• GPS
• GIS

12. THANK YOU