Villa Capra, also known as La Rotonda, is a Renaissance villa near Vicenza, Italy designed by Andrea Palladio in 1565. The villa was commissioned by priest Paolo Almerico as a country house upon his retirement. Inspired by the Pantheon in Rome, the symmetrical villa features a central circular hall beneath a dome, surrounded by four identical porticos with steps leading up to entrance corridors. Each portico faces a different direction to maximize sunlight and complement the surrounding landscape. The villa's symmetrical design harmonizes with the asymmetry of the natural surroundings.
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OUTLINE
Intro
Biography
Pioneers of Modern architecture
Philosophy
Style
Features
Traditionalism to Modernism
Characteristic features
Furniture
Works
Chicago school
Barcelona pavilion
S.r crown hall
Less is more
OUTLINE
Intro
Biography
Pioneers of Modern architecture
Philosophy
Style
Features
Traditionalism to Modernism
Characteristic features
Furniture
Works
Chicago school
Barcelona pavilion
S.r crown hall
The building style of the Baroque era, begun in late 16th-century Italy, that took the Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new theatrical fashion, often to express the triumph of the Catholic Church and the absolutist state.
It was characterized by new explorations of form, light and shadow, and dramatic intensity.
The building style of the Baroque era, begun in late 16th-century Italy, that took the Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new theatrical fashion, often to express the triumph of the Catholic Church and the absolutist state.
It was characterized by new explorations of form, light and shadow, and dramatic intensity.
1591 Villa Rotunda Vicenza, Italy Andreas PalladioBuil.docxjoyjonna282
1591 Villa Rotunda
Vicenza, Italy
Andreas Palladio
Built in the 1570c. For the prelate Paolo Almerico, once referendario apostolico of the Popes Pio IV and Pio V, La Rotonda - the more famous invention of Palladio is an original example of villa of the prelate. Tipologically it differs from the other Palladio's buildings: in fact, it hasn't a longitudinal plane and it is also the only crowned by a cupola.
La Rotonda differentiates in the scenery of the Venetian villas of the latter half of the ‘500 it’s a suburban mansion, refined meeting point for the aristocratic of Vicenza, place of amusement and "literary idleness." Only Capra family, that acquired it in the 1591, ordered to Vincenzo Scamozzi the adjacent buildings assigned to the agricultural life.
In the villa designed for the prelate, Palladio introduces, thus, formal elements assigned to suggest a significance of sacredness. Palladio probably was ispired by the roman Pantheon, then named "Rotonda", resuming the classical theme of the "sacred space" that comes from the contamination between the different formal models of the circle and of the quadrate, of the cube and of the sphere. Palladio opts for the central plan, crowns the building with the cupola, and repeats four times the classical pronao, realizing a "villa-tempio" that celebrates the prestige of the commissioner and his important offices beside Popes.
Also the sixteenth century frescoes, by Alessandro and Giambattista Maganza and by Anselmo Canera, appear in tuning with this celebrating program. There are many Allegories connected to the Virtues of the religious life. In the cupola, for example, are represented the Religion, the Benignity, the Moderation and the Chastity. The west Room, besides, was named "Room of the Religion" just for the subject of the ceiling frescoes, while in the east Room there is the apologetical Allegory of Paolo Almerico, crowned from the Celebrity and surrounded from the Fidelity, from the Affability, from the Persuasion and from Europe.
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LUXURY VILLA ITALY
luxury villaThe palladian styled, Villa Moro Malipiero, now owned by the Rigoni Savioli noble family, was commissioned by Nicolò Malipiero in 1557. On the front there are four Ionic order semi-columns. On the ground floor there is a splendid cap vaulted cellar. The ball room, which once occupied both floors of the central part of the house, was divided after the French Revolution leaving the top half intact, while the bottom was divided into 5 portions. The property sits on 20,000 sq m of land with a garden, three orchards, a thermal water well, a Colombara tower, and various barns. Another architectural jewel is the still consecrated chapel. Many of the rooms contain frescoes by Gian Battista Zelotti, student of Veronese. The paladin floors are original Venetian with a single cast
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Spanish architecture
Madrid’s Retiro Park
Its name refers to its function under Philip II’s rule – it was a place from which to escape from the rigours of the court life.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
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Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
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The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
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The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
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Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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1. VILLA CAPRA
“LA
ROTONDA”
Villa Capra "La Rotunda" is
a Renaissance villa just
outside Vicenza,
northern Italy, designed
by Andrea Palladio. The
proper name is Villa
Almerico-Capra. It is also
known as La
Rotonda, Villa Rotunda, Vill
a La Rotonda, and Villa
Almerico.
2. INSPIRATION
In 1565 a priest, Paolo Almerico, on his
retirement from the Vatican, decided to
return to his home town of Vicenza in
the Venetian countryside and build a
country house. This house, later known as
'La Rotonda', was to be one of Palladio's
best-known legacies to the architectural
world. Villa Capra may have inspired a
thousand subsequent buildings, but the
villa was itself inspired by
the Pantheon in Rome.
3. DESIGN
•The site selected was a hilltop just outside
the city of Vicenza. This sophisticated
building was designed for a site which was, in
modern terminology, "suburban".
•The design is for a completely symmetrical
building having a square plan with four
facades, each of which has a
projecting portico. The whole is contained
within an imaginary circle which touches
each corner of the building and centres of
the porticos.
•The name La Rotonda refers to the central
circular hall with its dome. To describe the
villa, as a whole, as a 'rotonda' is technically
incorrect, as the building is not circular but
rather the intersection of a square with
a cross.
•Each portico has steps leading up, and opens
via a small cabinet or corridor to the circular
domed central hall
•The design reflected the humanist values
of Renaissance architecture. In order for each
room to have some sun, the design was
rotated 45 degrees from each cardinal point
of the compass.
•Each of the four porticos
has pediments graced by statues
of classical deities .The pediments were each
supported by six ionic columns.
4. INTERIOR
The highlight of the
interior is the central,
circular hall, surrounded by
a balcony and covered by
the domed ceiling; it soars
the full height of the main
house up to the cupola,
with walls decorated
in trompe l'oeil.Abundant
frescoes create an
atmosphere that is more
reminiscent of a cathedral
than the principal salon of
a country house.
5. LANDSCAPING
From the porticos wonderful views of the surrounding
countryside can be seen; this is no coincidence as the Villa
was designed to be in perfect harmony with the landscape.
This was in complete contrast to such buildings as Villa
Farnese of just 16 years earlier. Thus, while the house
appears to be completely symmetrical, it actually has
certain deviations, designed to allow each facade to
complement the surrounding landscape and topography.
Hence there are variations in the facades, in the width of
steps, retaining walls, etc. In this way, the symmetry of the
architecture allows for the asymmetry of the landscape, and
creates a seemingly symmetrical whole. The landscape is a
panoramic vision of trees and meadows and woods, with
the distant Vicenza on the horizon.
