This document provides an overview of barcode technology. It defines a barcode as a machine-readable visual representation of data that varies the widths and spacings of parallel lines. Barcodes store product information like manufacturing date and price. They work by being scanned by barcode readers that convert the patterns into binary code for computers. Barcodes are widely used for inventory management in stores and healthcare settings to identify patients and documents. They provide benefits like fast and accurate data collection but require special scanning devices and are susceptible to damage.

1. BARCODE
TECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY:
HARINI.P
ROLL.NO:20R21A1291
IT:B SECTION

2. CONTEXT:
 What is Barcode?
 How do barcodes work?
 Why do we use Barcodes?
 Barcode types.
 Evolution of barcodes.
 Barcode Scanner.
 Advantages of Barcodes.
 Disadvantages of Barcodes.
 Conclusion.

3. WHAT IS BARCODE?
 A barcode or bar code is a method of representing data
in a visual, machine-readable form. Initially, barcodes
represented data by varying the widths and spacings of
parallel lines.
 These barcodes, now commonly referred to as linear or
one-dimensional (1D), can be scanned by special optical
scanners, called barcode readers.
 Barcode stores product related data like the date of
manufacturing, expiry date, name of the manufacturer,
country of the origin and price quantity of the product.

4.  There are two types of barcode one is 1D and other is
2D (2 dimensional).
 “1 D” barcode is used in the normal products like
groceries, pen, and electronic equipments etc.
 “2D” is similar to 1-dimensional barcode, but it can
store more data per unit area as compared to the
1D. You must have seen the use of 2D barcode in
the Paytm App.

5. HOW DO BARCODES WORK?
 As we know that a barcode is a square or
rectangular image consisting of a series of parallel
black lines and white spaces. The information is
encoded between the length of each shaded line
and the space between them.
 A scanning device uses a laser to "read" the bar
code by scanning in the unique bar of shaded
lines. A barcode scanner reads the lines from left to
right.

6.  A barcode scanner reads pattern of black and
white bars which turns the information in the binary
code (0 or 1).
 Computer reads the information in the binary forms
only and same is displayed on the screen of the
monitor. The "number" written in the right hand side
of the "center guard" informs about the type of the
product whether it is made of plastic or by natural
things, vegetarian or non-vegetarian.

7. Now let us know that what barcode is assigned to different
countries of the world:
1. India: 890
2. United States and Canada: 00 -13
3. France: 30-37
4. Germany: 40-44
5. Japan: 45-49
6. Russia: 46
7. Taiwan: 471
8. Sri Lanka: 479
9. Philippines: 480
11. Hong Kong: 89
12. United Kingdom: 50
13. China: 690-692

8. WHY DO WE USE BARCODES?
 Barcodes are widely used around the world in many
contexts.
 In stores, UPC barcodes are pre-printed on most
items other than fresh produce from a grocery
store.
 This speeds up processing at check-outs and helps
track items and also reduces instances
of shoplifting involving price tag swapping, although
shoplifters can now print their own barcodes.
 At the point of sale, shoppers can get product
discounts or special marketing offers through the
address or e-mail address provided at registration.

9.  In addition, retail chain membership cards use
barcodes to identify customers, allowing for
customized marketing and greater understanding of
individual consumer shopping patterns.
 Barcodes are widely used in the healthcare and
hospital settings, ranging from patient identification (to
access patient data, including medical history, drug
allergies, etc.)
 They are also used to facilitate the separation and
indexing of documents that have been imaged in
batch scanning applications, track the organization
of species in biology, and integrate with in-
motion checkweighers to identify the item being
weighed in a conveyor line for data collection.

10. EVALUATION OF BARCODES.
 One of the most common tools used for reading
barcodes is the hand held barcode scanner.
 All of the barcode scanners recommended and sold
by ID Automation have built-in decoders that can
read several different bar code types.
 Most of the scanners sold by ID Automation receive
their power from the PC keyboard or USB port so
no external power supply is required.
 When a barcode is scanned, the data is sent to the
PC as if it was typed using a keyboard.

11. BARCODE SCANNER

12. ADVANTAGES OF BARCODES
Following are the benefits or advantages of
Barcode:
➨It allows realtime data to be collected accurately
and rapidly with the help of barcode readers.
➨It enables fast data entry operations with less
errors.
➨It is mature and proven technology.
➨It is less expensive.

13. DISADVANTAGES OF BARCODES
Following are the disadvantages of Barcode:
➨Barcode scanning requires special device called
Barcode scanner which emits light and collects reflected
light to decode the Barcode.
➨Barcode scanner or reader works with computers or
POS terminals.
➨Barcodes do not have read/write capabilities.
➨It is labour intensive as it requires to be scanned
individually.
➨It is susceptible to environmental damage.
➨scratched or crumpled barcodes may cause problems
while scanning.


14. CONCLUSION
 Barcodes have slowly become an essential part of
modern civilization. Their use is widespread, and the
technology behind barcodes is constantly improving.
Some modern applications of barcodes include:
 Almost every item purchased from a grocery store,
department store, and mass merchandiser has a UPC
barcode on it. This greatly helps in keeping track of a
large number of items in a
 The tracking of item movement, including rental cars,
airline luggage, nuclear waste, mail and parcels.
 Entertainment event tickets can have barcodes that
need to be validated before allowing the holder to enter
sports arenas, cinemas, theatres, fairgrounds,
transportation etc. This can allow the proprietor to
identify duplicate or fraudulent tickets more easily

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