Jahangirnagar University MSC admission Test Question solved- 2018 PMITREZAUL KARIM REFATH
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Jahangirnagar University MSC admission Test Question solved- 2014 Spring EMSCREZAUL KARIM REFATH
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Jahangirnagar University MSC admission Test Question solved- 2018 PMITREZAUL KARIM REFATH
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Jahangirnagar University MSC admission Test Question solved- 2014 Spring EMSCREZAUL KARIM REFATH
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Sujith K received a Bachelor of Technology degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Calicut after placing first in his class at the April 2013 examination. The university Senate conferred the degree on Sujith K, granting him all the associated rights, privileges, and honors. The degree was certified by appointed examiners and signed digitally by the university representative.
Talking website and spoken technology - Supply chain management - issues and strategies - J I T just in time - inventory management, Perishable goods, CRM (customer relationship management), Logistics. Innovative idea to get inventory of every kitchen. BOM for dairy concepts - Presentations shows ERP, Internet and E-commence concepts to manage Dairy plant that produces milk and products. If you like this ppt then share
The document is a scanned receipt from a grocery store purchase on June 15th, 2022 totaling $58.37. It lists items bought including ground beef, chicken breasts, tortillas, cheese, and produce such as tomatoes, lettuce, and onions. The receipt shows the item prices, taxes, and total amount due.
Manual Instruction for LEPIN LEDLIGHT Super Star Destroyer 05028Wiki Brick
Manual Instruction for LEPIN LEDLIGHT Super Star Destroyer 05028
-------------
Manual Instruction for LEPIN LEDLIGHT Super Star Destroyer 05028
- Compatible with LEGO 10221 of the same name. The set consists of 3208 pieces and is designed for 16 years old.
•
✅ SET DETAILS
• 3208 pieces
• Ages 16+
•The flagship of Darth Vader has arrived! The Super Star Destroyer Executor was the command ship at both Hoth and Endor. With its distinguished dagger shape bridge, the Executor is among the most powerful battle space ship the Empire ever produced.
• Includes 5 minifigures: Darth Vader, Admiral Piett, Dengar, Bossk and IG-88
• Jaw-dropping measurement of 1.245m long and weight almost 4kg!
• Includes display stand and label sticker.
• The upper deck can be opened from center to reveal the interior operation.
• Match up with other LEPIN StarWars brick sets to re-create the classic scenes in the Star Wars: Episode VI Return of the Jedi. Just a perfect add-on to any other Star Wars brick sets.
• This is a 100% LEGO compatible Movies knock off set.
• This is a 100% LEGO replica knock off building blocks and bricks set from LEPIN.
✅ DISCLAIMER: Bricks You May Want does not condone buying clone brands or copying original products in any way or form.
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• Website: http://Wiki-brick.com
• Twitter: https://twitter.com/wikibrick
• Tumblr: https://www.tumblr.com/blog/wikibrick
• Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/wikibrick/
✅ORDER IN: https://bit.ly/2Sa7DqQ
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Computer Aided Drawing sheets for using the commands of AutoCAD Software.
The sheets for beginners , who want to learn the commands of AutoCAD software .
After finishing those sheets , you will feel confident in using AutoCAD in general.
Sujith K received a Bachelor of Technology degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Calicut after placing first in his class at the April 2013 examination. The university Senate conferred the degree on Sujith K, granting him all the associated rights, privileges, and honors. The degree was certified by appointed examiners and signed digitally by the university representative.
Talking website and spoken technology - Supply chain management - issues and strategies - J I T just in time - inventory management, Perishable goods, CRM (customer relationship management), Logistics. Innovative idea to get inventory of every kitchen. BOM for dairy concepts - Presentations shows ERP, Internet and E-commence concepts to manage Dairy plant that produces milk and products. If you like this ppt then share
The document is a scanned receipt from a grocery store purchase on June 15th, 2022 totaling $58.37. It lists items bought including ground beef, chicken breasts, tortillas, cheese, and produce such as tomatoes, lettuce, and onions. The receipt shows the item prices, taxes, and total amount due.
Manual Instruction for LEPIN LEDLIGHT Super Star Destroyer 05028Wiki Brick
Manual Instruction for LEPIN LEDLIGHT Super Star Destroyer 05028
-------------
Manual Instruction for LEPIN LEDLIGHT Super Star Destroyer 05028
- Compatible with LEGO 10221 of the same name. The set consists of 3208 pieces and is designed for 16 years old.
•
✅ SET DETAILS
• 3208 pieces
• Ages 16+
•The flagship of Darth Vader has arrived! The Super Star Destroyer Executor was the command ship at both Hoth and Endor. With its distinguished dagger shape bridge, the Executor is among the most powerful battle space ship the Empire ever produced.
• Includes 5 minifigures: Darth Vader, Admiral Piett, Dengar, Bossk and IG-88
• Jaw-dropping measurement of 1.245m long and weight almost 4kg!
• Includes display stand and label sticker.
• The upper deck can be opened from center to reveal the interior operation.
• Match up with other LEPIN StarWars brick sets to re-create the classic scenes in the Star Wars: Episode VI Return of the Jedi. Just a perfect add-on to any other Star Wars brick sets.
• This is a 100% LEGO compatible Movies knock off set.
• This is a 100% LEGO replica knock off building blocks and bricks set from LEPIN.
✅ DISCLAIMER: Bricks You May Want does not condone buying clone brands or copying original products in any way or form.
------------------
✅ SUBSCRIBE & Follow us for more!
• Website: http://Wiki-brick.com
• Twitter: https://twitter.com/wikibrick
• Tumblr: https://www.tumblr.com/blog/wikibrick
• Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/wikibrick/
✅ORDER IN: https://bit.ly/2Sa7DqQ
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Computer Aided Drawing sheets for using the commands of AutoCAD Software.
The sheets for beginners , who want to learn the commands of AutoCAD software .
After finishing those sheets , you will feel confident in using AutoCAD in general.
This document provides an overview and introduction to A Practical Guide to AutoCAD Civil 3D 2013 by Rick Ellis. It discusses the purpose and structure of the guide, which is to provide a practical learning experience for effectively using AutoCAD Civil 3D 2013. The guide focuses on real-world tasks and exercises rather than comprehensive coverage of all features. It also lists the objectives and prerequisites for users of the guide. The document describes how to install the required datasets and provides an overview of the guide's content and organization.
This document provides an overview of the key components and features of AutoCAD Map 3D 2010, including the ribbon, task pane, properties palette, data table, status bars, layout tabs, dynamic input, shortcut menus, and options. It also outlines lessons and exercises for getting started with AutoCAD Map 3D, building a map by adding multiple data sources, styling features, changing display by zoom level, creating and editing map features, finding objects, creating a legend, and publishing the map.
This document provides a list of staff members and credits for a book on basic engineering circuit analysis. It includes the names and roles of the senior acquisitions editor, project editor, senior production editor, executive marketing manager, senior designer, senior illustration editor, senior photo editor, media editor, editorial assistant, interior design, cover design, and photographers. It also provides copyright information and publishing details for the book.
This document provides an overview and getting started guide for AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009:
- It describes how to install AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 on a single computer or network. It also highlights new features in the 2009 release related to project management, survey, pipe networks, labels, surfaces, grading, alignments, profiles, corridors, mass haul, Google Earth integration, and hydraulics/hydrology.
- It provides an overview of sample data, tutorials, guides, and training materials that are included to help users learn how to use AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009.
- It introduces the object-based design approach in AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 and describes tools for object management, editing,
Auto cad workbook for architects and engineersمحمد نمير
The exercises in this book went through many years ofstudent testing both at Mohawk
College and at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Since the student
edition appeared in January 1993,there have been many positive suggestions and much
constructive criticism. I would like to thank all my students over the past 27 years of
teaching CAD for working with me on the development ofnew proj ects, and for proofing tutorials and exercises.
I would like to thank Brian McKibbin, Diego Gomez, and Trevor Garwood Jones for
their generosity in letting me use their architectural designs to provide students with
up-to-date architectural work. I would also like to thank Robert Deeks and Henry
Brink for their help in updating the mechanical engineering examples, and Ken Mercer for checking the accuracy ofthe wood-related drawings.
Finally I would like to thank Catriona Dixon and Madeleine Metcalfe from Blackwell
Publishing for their efforts in polishing this text.
This document provides an overview of AutoCAD, including:
- Definitions of CAD, CADD, and AutoCAD and how AutoCAD is the largest selling CAD software used worldwide.
- Details on the version history and releases of AutoCAD from 1982 to present.
- Descriptions of the scope of AutoCAD applications across various engineering fields.
- Explanations of the advantages of AutoCAD over manual drafting, including speed, accuracy, flexibility and enhanced visualization.
- An overview of the graphical user interface of AutoCAD and the main screen areas like the drawing area, UCS icon, crosshairs, menus and toolbars.
The document provides an introduction to using AutoCAD 2007 to create basic 2D drawings. It discusses starting up AutoCAD, setting up drawing units and limits, and using commands like LINE, ERASE, and GRID to create and modify simple geometric shapes. The tutorial emphasizes using the on-screen interface over keyboard commands. It aims to help users learn fundamental CAD concepts and skills for constructing 2D designs.
AutoCAD Workbook packed with over 200 exercises to enable you practice until you become an expert. The book does not contain any text, just pure exercises to enable you practice and practice. Get a copy today. https://gumroad.com/l/sxXqs
This 36 pages free eBook is a collection of 17 practical exercises for artists. I have learnt some of them over the years and designed some to fulfil my own needs. I am a painter, so most of these exercises are visual ones. However, many of them do not require specific artistic skills and are suitable for anyone regardless of their age or level of artistic ability.
These exercises are varied and you probably already own most of the required materials.
You can use them as warm-up before you start a new project or as a way to explore new avenues. I also hope teachers will use these exercises in their classes as they are great fun.
This document provides an overview of 100 CAD exercises divided into 2D and 3D sections. The objective is to help readers learn CAD skills and self-assess their abilities. It includes 50 2D and 50 3D exercises for practice. Readers can download the original DWG files to learn, practice or improve the designs. Upon completing all the exercises, readers will have gained skills to tackle real-life CAD problems.
This document presents an outline for a presentation on AutoCAD 2013. It will cover the introduction to AutoCAD including its history and latest version. It will demonstrate the AutoCAD screen and interface. It will explain the coordinate system and demonstrate various 2D and 3D commands. Examples of 2D and 3D modeling projects will be shown. The presentation will conclude by discussing the benefits of using AutoCAD software.
Computer Aided Drawing (CAD) involves using computer software to electronically prepare drawings of objects. CAD provides benefits like improved productivity, accuracy, and ability to easily modify designs. Common CAD software includes AutoCAD, which allows users to construct drawings using basic elements like points, lines, and circles. Commands are used to create objects, edit them, and perform other functions. CAD improves the design process.
Download link: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318852873_Engineering_Drawing_-_I
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.22512.56328
An engineering drawing is a type of technical drawing, used to fully and clearly define requirements for engineered items, and is usually created in accordance with standardized conventions for layout, nomenclature, interpretation, appearance size, etc.
Its purpose is to accurately and unambiguously capture all the geometric features of a product or a component. The end goal of an engineering drawing is to convey all the required information that will allow a manufacturer to produce that component.
Structure of a Research Paper
Parts of A Research Paper
I. Preliminaries
A. Title Page
B. Approval Sheet
C. Acknowledgment Sheet
D. Abstract
E. Table of Contents
F. List of Tables
G. List of Figures
II. Text
A. Introduction
1) Background of the Study
2) Conceptual Framework
3) Statement of the Problem
4) Hypothesis
5) Significance of the Study
6) Scope and Delimitation of the Study
7) Definition of Terms
B. Review of Related Literature and Studies
1) Foreign Literature
2) Foreign Studies
3) Local Literature
4) Local Studies
5) Synthesis and Relevance to the Studies
C. Methodology
1) Method of Research to be Used
2) The Population frame and Sample Size
3) Instrumentation
4) Data-gathering Procedure
5) Statistical Treatment of the Data
D. Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
E. Summary, Conclusions and Recommendation’s
III. Reference
A. Bibliography
B. Appendices
C. Curriculum Vitae
This site development plan shows a vegetable garden and a fruit garden separated by a road. The plan labels two areas as gardens on either side of a centrally located road.
This single sentence document provides a scale drawing for a front elevation of 1:1 meters. It conveys essential information about the scale and subject of a technical drawing in only 5 words.
SpecialCam is a new type of camera that can take high-resolution photos in low-light conditions without using a flash. It has a large image sensor and advanced image processing software that allows it to capture light photons more effectively than traditional cameras. This new technology will enable photographers to take clearer pictures indoors and at night without disturbing others with a flash.
The rockerarm transmits motion from the camshaft to the intake and exhaust valves. It pivots on a shaft and has a roller or flat pad at each end that rides on the camshaft lobe and the tip of the valve stem. As the camshaft lobe rotates, it pushes up on the rockerarm which then pushes down on the valve stem to open the valve.
The gasket hand-wheel is a component used to seal openings on equipment. It consists of a hand wheel attached to a threaded stem that compresses a gasket material between flanges or surfaces to create a fluid-tight seal. Turning the hand-wheel in one direction compresses the gasket while turning it in the opposite direction releases the compression.
GlassProfile is a company that manufactures custom glass products for residential and commercial buildings. They have over 30 years of experience crafting glass railings, windows, and doors. Their team of expert glassworkers and engineers can design functional yet beautiful glass elements to enhance any architectural space.
This document provides specifications for drawing different line types including solid, hidden, centered, dashed, and divided lines with varying widths between 0.25mm and 0.40mm and a hidden, centered, or divided spacing of 0.13mm.
MORALITY OF HUMAN ACTS
Human Acts
Acts of Man
Basic Element of Human Acts
• Types of Voluntariness
Major Determinants of the Morality of Human Acts
Four Types of Circumstances
Specific Types of Circumstances
Modifiers of Human Acts
1) Ignorance
• Types of Ignorance
2) Passion
3) Fear
Act done ‘with’ fear
Act done ‘out’ of fear
4) Violence
5) Habit
Norm
Norm of Morality
• Types of norm:
Eternal Divine Law
Human Reason
Law as the object norm of morality
• General Notion of Law
o Law of Nature
o Natural Law
Moral Law
o Essential Elements for a Law to be Reasonable:
• Divisions of Law
o Eternal Law
The Natural Moral Law
Law of Conscience
i. Attributes of the Natural Law
ii. The Contents of Natural Law
Formal norms
Material norms
Human Positive Law
Law as the subject norm of morality
Conscience
• Conscience as an Act of Intellect
(Judgement of Reason)
• Conscience as a Practical Moral Judgement
• Conscience as the Proximate Norm of Morality
• Kinds of Conscience
i. Correct or True Conscience
ii. Erroneous of False conscience
Invincibly erroneous conscience
Vincibly erroneous conscience
Perplexed conscience
Pharisaical conscience
i. Certain Conscience
ii. Doubtful Conscience
iii. Scrupulous Conscience
iv. Lax Conscience
Topic: DEONTOLOGICAL ETHICAL THEORY
Contents:
A. Historical Origin
Early beginning of human civilization
• The word of the king is the law
Deontological
Greek word “dein” or “deon” meaning “To be obligated” or simply “duty”
B.Kants’ Major Contribution to Deontological Theory
Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)
• Avid defender of deontological theory
• Contributed as many important and brilliant ideas to the philosophical study of ethics
C.The Good Will: The Core of Kant’s Ethics
Morality of an action lies on the inner motive rather than the external effects
Kants’ ethics primarily based on good will
Duty must be done out of pure reverence to the moral law
D.Duty over Inclination
“A person is only acting morally only when he suppresses his feelings and inclinations and does that which he is obliged to do”
Inclination
means doing the things that one’s feels like doing, and thus no obligation exists.
Example:
Helping your neighbor to fix her flat tire.
• Three possible reasons of helping:
1) Expectation of the reward-immoral
2) Pity-immoral
3) Duty-moral
1 is done out of desire to get a reward and 2 is done out of emotion thus, the acts are considered immoral. On the other hand, 3 is done out of obligation and this makes the act moral.
E.Duty is Superior to Happiness
“Our duties cannot consist simply in following rules that promote pleasure and avoidance of pain as the utilitarian’s claim, since that would make right actions depend upon consequences, on how well they satisfied our desires”
Example:
1) Lying
2) Breaking promise
The above examples are immoral actions not because it can create bad consequences but because these are wrong in itself.
F.The Categorical Imperative: The Universalizability Principle
“Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law”
Maxim is a personal and subjective guiding principle
We must universalize our moral judgement
G.The Principle of Humanity (Respect for Persons)
Also known as ’Principle of Ends’
Concerns respect for the dignity of persons
Rational beings are ends in themselves
Do not treat others as means
H.Autonomy of The Will (Kingdom of Ends)
“For without personal autonomy, Morality becomes an impossibility”
Autonomous will
The will becomes autonomous when the genuinely moral actions are chosen:
• Freely
• Rationally
• By The Self (Autonomously)
Kingdom of ends
It is a moral universe of the moral beings in which:
• Respect for Intrinsic Worth
• Respect for Value of All Persons
is exercised by everyone.
ON CATEGORICAL SYLLOGISM
LEGEND
U - universal / P - particular
A - affirmative / N - negative
3 PROPOSITIONS
- MAJOR Premise (first premise)
- MINOR Premise (second premise)
- Conclusion
Rule in constructing the argument:
UUU / UPP / PUP
AAA / ANA / NAN
ON THE TERMS (3 terms)
MAJOR term
- the Predicate of the Conclusion and is found in the Major premise (subject or predicate)
MINOR term
- the Subject of the Conclusion and is found in the Minor premise (subject or predicate)
MIDDLE term
- found in the major and minor premises but not in the conclusion
ON FIGURE (CATEGORICAL SYLLOGISM)
FIGURE-refers to the arrangement of MIDDLE term in the two premises in the syllogism
CONT.
ON MOODS (CATEGORICAL SYLLOGISM)
MOODS refers to the pattern of the types of proposition used in the syllogism.
I:Autocad
is a full featured collection of software tools used for designing and drafting.
Developed by Autodesk, Inc. (Mill Valley, California)
Released in December, 1982
II:Reasons why use Autocad
-Accurate
-Productive and efficient
-Capable of sharing data
III:Drawing Commands
Keystrokes -Commands
l -Line
pl -Polyline
rec -Rectangle
c - Circle
a -Arc
el -Ellipse
pol- Polygon
e -Erase
m -Move
co -Copy
ar -Array
ro -Rotate
tr -Trim
ex- Extend
o- Offset
s -Stretch
mi -Mirror
f -Fillet
cha -Chamfer
J- Join
Br -Break
sc -Scale
po -Point
spl -Spline
la -Layer
mt -Mtext
dim -Dimension
h -Hatch
ch -Properties
lw -Line weight
IV:Entering points in Autocad
-Absolute coordinates
-Relative rectangular coordinates / relative coordinates
-Relative polar coordinates / polar coordinates
V:2 Types of Array
-Rectangular array
-Polar array
VI:Layer properties
-Status
-Name
-On
-Freeze
-Lock
-Color
-Linetype
-Lineweight
-Plot style
-Plot
-Description
VII:Dimension
a.Basic Types:
-Linear
-Angular
-Radial
-Ordinate
-Arc length
b.Parts of Dimension:
-Dimension text
-Dimension line
-Arrowheads
-Extension line
-Center mark
-Center lines
Models of Communication
• Aristotelian
• Lasswell
• Shannon-Weaver
• Schramm
• Berlo
• White
SUMMARRY:
MODELS FOCUS FEATURE
1. Aristotle Speaker, Message, listener One way process
2. Lasswell Speaker, Message, Receiver, channel, effect Linear and sequential
3. Shannon-Weaver Information, source, transmitter, receiver, destination, noise Linear , sequential
4. Schramm Communicators, messages, and field of experience Interactive, circular
5. Berlo Source, message, channel, and receiver Almost complete model but suggests linearity
6. White Eight stages: thinking, symbolizing, expressing, transmitting, receiving, decoding, feedback Cyclical and sequential relationship
*The Nature and Importance of Effective Listening
-The Nature of Listening
-Difference between Hearing and Listening
-The Significance of Listening
-The Process of Listening
*Diverse of Listening
-Types of Listening
-Barriers to Effective Listening
-Some Tips in Effective Listening
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.