The document discusses categorical syllogisms, detailing the structure of arguments including major and minor premises, conclusions, and the roles of major, minor, and middle terms. It defines four figures based on the arrangement of the middle term and describes various moods that categorize the types of propositions in syllogistic reasoning. Examples illustrate how to identify figures and moods in different syllogistic cases.

1. ON CATEGORICAL SYLLOGISM
LEGEND
U - universal / P - particular
A - affirmative / N - negative
3 PROPOSITIONS
- MAJOR Premise (first premise)
- MINOR Premise (second premise)
- Conclusion
Rule in constructing the argument:
UUU / UPP / PUP
AAA / ANA / NAN
ON THE TERMS (3 terms)
MAJOR term
- the Predicate of the Conclusion and is found in
the Major premise (subject or predicate)
MINOR term
- the Subject of the Conclusion and is found in the
Minor premise (subject or predicate)
MIDDLE term
- found in the major and minor premises but not in
the conclusion.
EXAMPLES:
 Example No. 1
All philosophers are critical thinkers.
All philosophers are wise.
Therefore, all wise are critical thinkers.
Major term - critical thinkers
Minor term - wise
Middle term – philosophers
 Example No. 2
Some bullies are victims of child abuse.
No victims of child abuse are beings who fully
experienced love and affection.
Thus, some beings who fully experienced love and
affection are not bullies.
Major term - bullies
Minor term - beings who fully experienced love and
affection.
Middle term - victims of child abuse
ON FIGURE (CATEGORICAL SYLLOGISM)
FIGURE-refers to the arrangement of MIDDLE term
in the two premises in the syllogism.
4 FIGURE:
1st Figure (fig 1)
- the middle term is the subject of the major
premise and the predicate of the minor premise
(sub-pre).
2nd Figure (fig 2)
- the middle term is the predicate of both the
major and minor premises (pre-pre).
3rd Figure (fig 3)
- the middle term is the subject of both the major
and minor premises (sub-sub).
4th Figure (fig 4)
- the middle term is the predicate of the major
premise and subject of the minor premise (pre-
sub).

2. CONT.
ON MOODS (CATEGORICAL SYLLOGISM)
MOODS refers to the pattern of the types of
proposition used in the syllogism.
(identifying the type of proposition used in the
argument)
EXAMPLES: Figure and Moods
 Example No. 1
Some members of the drug syndicate are Korean
nationals.
No pro-life advocates are members of the drug
syndicate.
Therefore, some pro-life advocates are not Korean
nationals.
Figure - 1 (sub-pre)
Mood - IEO
Major term - Korean nationals
Minor term - pro-life advocates
Middle term - members of the drug syndicate
 Example No. 2
Every intangible are real properties.
Every franchises are real properties.
Hence, every franchises are intangibles.
Figure - 2 (pre-pre)
Moods - AAA
Major term - intangibles
Minor term - franchises
Middle term - real properties
 Example No. 3
A genius is not idiot.
Some genius is weird in character.
Thus, some weird in character are not idiots.
Figure - 3 (sub-sub)
Moods - EIO
Major term - idiot/idiots
Minor term - weird in character
Middle term – genius
 Example No. 4
Most bubbly individuals are boisterous.
All boisterous are frolic persons.
Hence, most frolic persons are bubbly individuals.
Figure - 4 (pre-sub)
Moods - IAI
Major term - bubbly individuals
Minor term - frolic persons
Middle term – boisterous