Aseptic technique involves strict practices and procedures to prevent contamination from pathogens during medical procedures. It aims to minimize the risk of infection transmission. Healthcare workers follow aseptic technique in surgery rooms and clinics to protect patients from harmful bacteria. The key principles of aseptic technique include thorough hand hygiene, maintaining a sterile environment and equipment, properly wearing protective equipment, and avoiding touching sterile surfaces. Following aseptic technique helps prevent healthcare-associated infections in patients.

1. ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE
ARVIND JOSHI
M.SC. NURSING (CHILD HEALTH NURSING)
NURSING OFFICER
AIIMS MANGALAGIRI

2. CONTENT
• INTRODUCTION
• ASEPSIS
• DEFINITION OF ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE
• TERMINOLOGIES
• TYPES OF ASEPSIS
• PURPOSE AND BENEFITS OF ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE
• WHEN SHOULD AN ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE SHOULD BE USED
• PRINCIPLES OF ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE
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3. INTRODUCTION
• ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE MEANS USING PRACTICES AND PROCEDURES TO PREVENT
CONTAMINATION FROM PATHOGENS. IT INVOLVES APPLYING THE STRICTEST RULES TO
MINIMIZE THE RISK OF INFECTION. HEALTHCARE WORKERS USE ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE
IN SURGERY ROOMS, CLINICS, OUTPATIENT CARE CENTERS, AND OTHER HEALTH CARE
SETTINGS TO PROTECT PATIENTS FROM HARMFUL BACTERIA AND OTHER PATHOGENS
DURING MEDICAL PROCEDURES
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4. WHY TO FOLLOW ?
• TO PREVENT HEALTH CARE ASSOCIATED INFECTION
“AN INFECTION OCCURRING IN A PATIENT DURING THE PROCESS OF CARE IN A
HEALTH-CARE FACILITY WHICH WAS NOT PRESENT OR INCUBATING AT THE TIME OF
ADMISSION”
• BURDEN OF HCAI- THE OVERALL PREVALENCE OF HCAI IN DEVELOPING
COUNTRIES VARIES BETWEEN 5.1% AND 11.6%
• SURGICAL SITE INFECTION (SSI) REPRESENTS THE MOST SURVEYED AND
MOST FREQUENT TYPE OF INFECTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES.
ACCORDING TO THE LITERATURE, THE INCIDENCE OF SSI RANGES FROM
1.2 TO 23.6 PER 100 SURGICAL PROCEDURES.
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5. WHY TO FOLLOW ?
ACCORDING TO THE AVAILABLE EVIDENCE, THE IMPACT OF HCAI IMPLIES
• PROLONGED HOSPITAL STAY
• LONG-TERM DISABILITY
• INCREASED RESISTANCE OF MICROORGANISMS TO ANTIMICROBIALS
• MASSIVE ADDITIONAL FINANCIAL BURDEN FOR HEALTH SYSTEMS
• HIGH COSTS FOR PATIENTS AND THEIR FAMILY
• DEATHS
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6. ASEPSIS
• ASEPSIS IS RECOGNIZED AS THE STATE OF BEING FREE FROM PATHOGENIC
MICROORGANISMS
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Asepsis

7. DEFINITION OF ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE
• IT IS A TECHNIQUE WHICH AIMS TO PREVENT PATHOGENIC MICROORGANISMS
FROM BEING INTRODUCED TO SUSCEPTIBLE SITES BY HANDS, SURFACES AND/OR
EQUIPMENT
• IS A MEANS OF PREVENTING OR MINIMIZING THE RISK OF INTRODUCING HARMFUL
MICRO-ORGANISMS ONTO KEY PARTS OR KEY SITES OF THE BODY WHEN
UNDERTAKING CLINICAL PROCEDURES
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8. ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE
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Asepsis
Aseptic
Technique

9. KEY PARTS AND KEY SITES
• KEY SITE - AN AREA BELONGING TO THE PATIENT WHERE HARMFUL ORGANISMS CAN
ENTER THE BODY AND CAUSE INFECTION EG WOUNDS, URINARY TRACT, CANNULA
INSERTION SITE.
• KEY PARTS -STERILE EQUIPMENT PARTS
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10. KEY PARTS
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11. TYPES OF ASEPSIS
1. SURGICAL ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE
2. MEDICAL ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE
3. CLEAN TECHNIQUE
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12. ASEPSIS
CLEAN TECHNIQUE MEDICAL ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE SURGICAL ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE
Modified aseptic technique
used for certain procedures
that use of some non-sterile
items/fluids but aims to reduce
the risk of contamination by
pathogens
Medical asepsis is the
reduction of the number of
disease-causing agents and
their spread.
It means the complete
elimination of the disease-
causing agents and their spores
from the surface of an object is
called the surgical asepsis.
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13. PURPOSE AND BENEFITS OF ASEPTIC
TECHNIQUE
• THE SKIN IS THE BODY'S FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE.
• A PERSON IS VULNERABLE TO INFECTION IF THERE IS A BREACH IN SKIN
• ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE HELPS PREVENT HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED
INFECTIONS
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14. COMMON HCAIS INCLUDE
• CATHETER-ASSOCIATED INFECTION
• CENTRAL LINE-ASSOCIATED BLOODSTREAM INFECTION
• SURGICAL SITE INFECTION
• VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA
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15. WHEN TO USE ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE?
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16. THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ASEPTIC
TECHNIQUE
I. PLANNING AHEAD
II. HAND HYGIENE
III. ENVIRONMENT
IV. MAINTAINING AN ASEPTIC FIELD
V. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
VI. SITE PREPARATION
VII.NON TOUCH TECHNIQUE
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17. PLANNING AHEAD
• PLANNING AHEAD PREPARE THE AREA AND THE PATIENT
• ASSEMBLE EVERYTHING THAT IS NEEDED IN ADVANCE
• ENSURING SUFFICIENT TIME FOR THE PROCEDURE AND HELP IF NEEDED.
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18. HAND HYGIENE
• HAND HYGIENE IS CRUCIAL TO PREVENT CROSS INFECTION.
• TRANSIENT BACTERIA CAN BE REMOVED BY EFFECTIVE HAND HYGIENE.
• WHO GUIDELINE FOR HAND WASHING
• USE ANTISEPTIC HAND HYGIENE PRODUCTS
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19. HAND HYGIENE
• SLEEVES THAT ARE SHORT OR ROLLED BACK,
• NO WRIST JEWELRY/WATCHES, FALSE NAILS AND RINGS.
• CUTS AND GRAZES MUST BE COVERED.
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20. ENVIRONMENT
• CLEANING –IMMEDIATELY PRIOR TO THE PROCEDURE, PREPARE THE SETTING INCLUDING
DECONTAMINATION OF WORK SURFACES USING DISINFECTANTS
• ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE PROCEDURES IN AN INPATIENT ENVIRONMENT SHOULD NOT BE
UNDERTAKEN FOR AT LEAST 30 MINUTES AFTER BED MAKING OR CLEANING.
• CLOSE DOORS AND WINDOWS DURING PROCEDURES WHEREVER POSSIBLE TO MINIMIZE
DUST.
• LIMIT TRAFFIC AND NUMBER OF PEOPLE AND DO NOT USE FANS WHILE UNDERTAKING ANY
PROCEDURE.
• IF AT IS INTERRUPTED FOR MORE THAN 30 MINUTES, NEW STERILE PACKS MUST BE
OPENED.
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21. ENVIRONMENT
PROCEDURE ROOMS SHOULD BE DESIGNED TO MINIMIZE CROSS INFECTION RISKS
• THE ROOM CONTAMINATED DURING A PROCEDURE SHOULD BE CLEANED AND DISINFECTED
BETWEEN PATIENTS THIS INCLUDES EXAMINATION COUCHES, DRESSING TROLLEYS AND
EXAMINATION LAMPS.
• STERILITY OF EQUIPMENT – STERILE EQUIPMENT/DRESSINGS USED FOR THE PROCEDURE
MUST BE CHECKED TO CONFIRM STERILITY BEFORE
STERILE PACKS, SINGLE USE TUBES, SACHETS, AMPOULES, BOTTLES OF LIQUID MUST ALWAYS
BE CONSIDERED CONTAMINATED ON THE OUTSIDE
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22. MAINTAINING AN ASEPTIC FIELD
• RECOGNIZE AN ASEPTIC AREA OR FIELD
• PLACE ONLY STERILE ITEMS WITHIN THE ASEPTIC FIELD.
• DECONTAMINATED ITEMS E.G. AMPOULE CLEANED WITH DISINFECTANT SOLUTION
PLACED ON THE EDGE OF ASEPTIC FIELD
• IF AN OBJECT COMES IN CONTACT WITH A NON-STERILE THE OBJECT IS NO LONGER
STERILE.
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23. MAINTAINING AN ASEPTIC FIELD
• AT NO TIME SHOULD THE ASEPTIC FIELD BE CONTAMINATED
• DO NOT ALLOW PEOPLE TO REACH ACROSS THE ASEPTIC FIELD.
• CARRY OUT PROCEDURE TAKING CARE TO AVOID CONTAMINATION OF ASEPTIC FIELDS
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24. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
• PPE SHOULD BE WORN TO PREVENT THE TRANSFER OF POTENTIALLY HARMFUL
MICRO-ORGANISMS FROM PATIENT TO STAFF OR STAFF TO PATIENT
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25. HOW TO WEAR SURGICAL GLOVES ?
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26. SEQUENCE OF WEARING PPE
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27. SEQUENCE OF REMOVING PPE
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28. SITE PREPARATION
• GOOD SKIN PREPARATION REDUCES THE RISK OF INFECTION
• LOWERING THE RISK OF CONTAMINATION FROM PATIENTS OWN
SKIN FLORA.
• ANTISEPTIC SOLUTIONS SHOULD BE APPLIED TO SKIN FOR 30
SECONDS TO A MINUTE AND ALLOWED TO AIR-DRY IN ORDER TO
DECONTAMINATE THE SKIN BEFORE PROCEDURE.
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29. NON TOUCH TECHNIQUE
• AVOID TOUCHING STERILE PARTS OF EQUIPMENT .
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30. WHAT A NURSING OFFICER CAN DO ?
• SURGICAL HAND ANTISEPSIS BEFORE AND AFTER ANY PROCEDURE
• DISCUSSIONS OF SURGICAL ATTIRE AND STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
• ESTABLISHING A STERILE FIELD
• ENSURING THAT ITEMS ON THE STERILE FIELD ARE STERILE AND TRANSFERRED TO
THE STERILE FIELD APPROPRIATELY
• MONITORING A STERILE FIELD
• MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS THAT CAN INFLUENCE THE
INTEGRITY OF THE STERILE FIELD
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