The document provides an overview of arterial blood gas (ABG) testing, which measures acidity, oxygen, and carbon dioxide levels in the blood to assess lung function. It details the history and development of blood gas analyzers since 1957, along with various physiological metrics and conditions that can affect test results. Additionally, it mentions the broad applications of ABG testing in clinical settings, including cardiac and pulmonary support.

1. By
SATHISHKUMAR G
(sathishsak111@gmail.com)

3.  An arterial blood gas (ABG) test measures the
acidity (PH) and levels of oxygen and carbon
dioxide in the blood from an artery.
 This test used to check how well your lungs
are able to move oxygen into the blood and
remove carbon dioxide from the blood.

4.  The first blood gas analyzer that measured
PH,PCO2, and PO2 was developed in 1957.
 Blood gas analysis came to be widely used in
clinical settings , surgery , anesthesia , and
intensive care by 1966. Competent device
were produced later.
 The first combined blood gas/electrolyte
analyzer was introduced in 1985.It comes
with a menu of Ph,pco2,po2,Na,K,iCa, and
hematocrit.

6.  A blood gas test measures the amount of
oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. It
may also be used to determine the pH of the
blood, or how acidic it is.
 The test is commonly known as a blood gas
analysis or arterial blood gas (ABG) test. Your
red blood cells transport oxygen and carbon
dioxide throughout your body.

7.  MEASURES
 PH –percent H+ Concentration
 PCO2-Pressure of CARBONDIOXIDE
 Po2-pressure of oxygen
 Sao2-oxygen saturation
 HCO3-Bicarbonate

8. These may include:
 Kidney failure
 Heart failure
 Uncontrolled diabetes
 Hemorrhage
 Chemical poisoning
 A drug overdose
 Shock

10.  Arterial blood Ph: 7.38 to 7.42
 Bicarbonate: 22 to 28 mill equivalents per
liter
 Partial pressure of oxygen : 75 to 100 mm Hg
 Partial pressure of carbon dioxide: 38 to 42
mm Hg.

11.  Protein buffer systems
 -Amino Acid buffers
 -Hemoglobin buffers
 -Plasma protein buffers
 Phosphate buffer systems
 Carbonic Acid-Bicarbonate buffer system

12.  Ammonia :15-50 MOL/L
 CERULOPLASMIN :15-60 mg/dl
 Chloride:95-105mmol/l
 Copper:70-150mg/dl
 Creatinine:0.8-1.3mg/dl
 Blood urea nitrogen:8-21mg/dl
 Gulcose:65-110mg/dl

13.  Sudden DYSPNEA
 Cyanosis
 Abnormal breath sounds
 Sudden or unexplained TACHYPNEA
 Heavy use of accessory muscles
 Change in ventilator setting
 CPR
 Diffuse infiltrates in C X-ray

14.  Patient must have pulse
 Detects only significant decreases
inP02
 Does not comment on content

15. “ A blood gas test can also measure the
level of bicarbonate in the blood.
“Many blood gas analyzers will also
report concentrations of lactate, hemoglobin,
several electrolytes, oxyhemoglobin,
carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobine.
….. ABG testing also has a variety of
applications in other areas of medicine.”

16.  Both cardiac and pulmonary support
 More experience
 Instant hemodynamic support
 No re-circulation
 Right and Left heart

17.  CANNULATION of major artery and sacrifice of
one carotid in newborn
 Poor coronary and pulmonary perfusion
 Systemic THROMBO embolism
 NONPULSATILE flow
 Myocardial stunning and LV DITENSION

18. THANK U…..