A&P II Endocrinology11
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This document provides an overview of endocrinology and the endocrine system. It discusses the key endocrine glands including the thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, pancreas, and adrenal glands. For each gland, it describes the hormones produced, their normal functions in maintaining homeostasis, and disorders that can result from too much or too little hormone secretion. The cellular mechanisms of hormonal action are also summarized, focusing on second messengers like cyclic AMP and calcium.
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This document provides an overview of the endocrine system. It describes that the endocrine system uses hormones to regulate body functions more slowly than the nervous system. The key endocrine glands discussed are the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries and testes. For each gland, the document outlines the hormones produced, their actions in the body, and how their secretion is controlled by feedback mechanisms in the endocrine and nervous systems.
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This document provides information about hormones and the major endocrine glands. It defines hormones as chemical messengers secreted by one tissue and carried in the bloodstream to target tissues. The major hormone secreting glands are the pituitary, thyroid and parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. Hormones can be classified based on their chemical structure as peptide/protein, amine, or steroid hormones. They can also be classified based on their mechanism of action as either binding intracellular receptors or cell surface receptors. The document then describes each major endocrine gland and the hormones they secrete.
Endocrine Physiology.pptx
The document discusses several endocrine glands and hormones. It begins by describing the pancreatic islets containing alpha, beta, and delta cells that secrete glucagon, insulin, and somatostatin. It then discusses insulin and glucagon's roles in regulating blood glucose levels. The document also covers the adrenal gland's cortex and medulla, describing hormones like cortisol, aldosterone, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. It concludes by mentioning other local hormones produced in tissues, including acetylcholine, serotonin, histamine, and kinins.
endocrine drugs pharmacology
This document discusses the endocrine system and hormones. It focuses on steroid hormones like cortisol and aldosterone that are produced by the adrenal cortex. Cortisol regulates glucose metabolism and has anti-inflammatory effects. Aldosterone controls electrolyte and fluid levels. Long-term high-dose use of glucocorticoids can lead to diabetes, osteoporosis, and infections due to immune suppression. Adrenal crisis is a medical emergency caused by a lack of cortisol and requires immediate treatment with hydrocortisone injections. Abrupt withdrawal from glucocorticoid therapy should be avoided.
6. Endocrine physiology.pptx
This document outlines the physiology of the endocrine system, focusing on the thyroid gland. It discusses the synthesis and transport of thyroid hormones, including iodine uptake, thyroglobulin production, iodination, and oxidative coupling to form T3 and T4. These hormones are then released into capillaries and transported bound to thyroxine-binding globulin and other proteins in plasma to target tissues. The thyroid gland contains follicles lined with cells that take up iodine and produce thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) which regulate metabolism.
Adrenal medulla.pptx
The patient is likely suffering from pheochromocytoma, a rare tumor of the adrenal medulla that causes excessive and uncontrolled secretion of catecholamines like epinephrine. Common symptoms include sustained high blood pressure, headaches, palpitations, anxiety, sweating, and panic attacks. A diagnosis would be confirmed through blood and urine tests showing elevated catecholamine levels. Treatment requires surgical removal of the tumorous adrenal gland.
The endocrine system 980218
The document discusses several topics related to endocrine signaling and hormone function:
1. It describes three general classes of hormones - proteins/polypeptides, steroids, and tyrosine derivatives - and where their receptors are located in cells.
2. It provides details on the metabolic effects of specific hormones like growth hormone, thyroid hormones, and insulin. Growth hormone enhances protein synthesis and fat mobilization while decreasing glucose use. Thyroid hormones increase metabolic rate and cellular activity. Insulin promotes glucose uptake and fat/protein synthesis.
3. Additional sections cover hormone regulation, effects of cortisol, aldosterone, glucagon, and calcium, as well as the organic matrix and salts that make up bone
Endocrine System
Hormones regulate many bodily functions through feedback mechanisms. Insulin and glucagon regulate blood glucose levels through negative feedback with the pancreas. When blood glucose levels rise, the pancreas secretes insulin to lower them. Leptin from fat cells signals satiety in the brain. Melatonin from the pineal gland controls circadian rhythms and its use can help with jet lag by resynchronizing the body clock. Thyroxine from the thyroid increases metabolism and helps control body temperature.
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- 2. ENDOCRINOLOGY Marieb and Hoehnth 8th Edition- CHAP. 16
- 5. Exocrine with duct Endocrine / ductless
- 8. Fig. 16.1
- 23. Fig. 16.3
- 24. Fig. 16.5
- 27. Fig. 45.7
- 28. Fig. 16.8
- 32. Fig. 16.10 Goiter Grave’s Disease
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