This document discusses the researcher's perspective on open access. It begins by outlining the author's background and current MRC fellowship project. It then discusses key points from the researcher's viewpoint, including the steps and costs involved in publishing research, a case study of the author's own publications, and the benefits of open research beyond publications alone. The author argues that an alternative open access model based on the community-driven R software provides benefits over the traditional commercial publishing system.
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Antonio Gasparrini: Open access: a researcher's perspective
1. Open access: a researcher’s perspective
Antonio Gasparrini
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
Open Research and Data
Open Access Week
22 October 2012 - Birbeck College, London
2. My background
Graduated in biology in Italy, then 4 years working as
epidemiologist in a cancer research center in Florence
MSc + postgraduate school (still in Italy) + PhD (in UK) in
medical statistics,
Worked at LSHTM in the last 5 years, mainly in statistical
methodology and software development
3. My MRC fellowship
Awarded a Research Methodology fellowship from MRC (Dec
2011 – Nov 2014)
Project developed on my previous research
Success of this project critical for next funding application
Need to comply with the MRC regulations on open access
My budget for open access costs: 6000£ in total
4. Outline
Some points:
My perspective: as scientist and junior academic
Publishing: steps and costs
My publications as a case study
Open research: beyond publications
5. The scientist’s perspective
I favour a system which:
guarantees high-quality research
allows the independent assessment of research findings
ensures the dissemination of the such findings
6. The academic’s perspective
I favour a system which:
covers the costs of my research
delivers a fast and effective peer-review process
provides tools for disseminating my work
7. Publishing a research paper: steps
Literature review
Drafting the manuscript
Choice of the journal and submission
Review and acceptance
Copyright agreement
Open access fee
Publication
Actors: the researcher, the institution, the research community,
the funder, the journals/publishers
An efficient and fair system?
8. A first article
Published online in Statistics in Medicine (2012):
The choice of the journal
Copyright transferred
Open access fee ∼2250£
Impact factor 1.99
10. A second article
Firstly submitted to Biostatistics:
Copyright transferred
Open access fee ∼2250£
Impact factor 2.145
Rejected, re-submitted to BMC Med Res Method:
Copyright retained
Open access fee ∼1475£ (∼1255£ with LSHTM discount)
Impact factor 2.67
11. A third article
Published in Journal of Statistical Software (2011):
Not automatically indexed in PubMed
Included ’manually’ through PubMed Central
Copyright retained
Open access fee: 0£
Impact factor 4.01
12. Open research: beyond publishing
Open data: research data collected with public funding available
to other researchers
Open source and free software
Reproducible research: open and thorough assessment of
research findings
13. A similar case
Statistical software is mainly based on commercial programs
(e.g. Stata, SAS, SPSS)
Substantial fees to be paid by research institutions
However, implementation of novel methodologies provided by
researchers
Same story: researchers working (for free) for third parties...
14. An alternative model
An example: the R software
A project entirely based on a community of users and developers
Comparison with commercial programs
Model also applicable to publishing
15. The third article again
The manuscript is freely available at journal’s web site and other
repositories
The code for the analysis is included as supplementary material
The software is implemented and fully documented in a free
statistical package
The data are stored online and freely available through the
software
All of this at no cost
16. The internet era
Different approach to search and dissemination: what role for
journals?
Drop in editorial and publication costs: do we really need
publishers?
Role of funders, institutions and research community is critical
Why so late?!
17. The open access era
Important changes: Wellcome and RCUK policies
Limitations of the Finch Report
Alternative models already available
Changes require a different approach from researchers