Anti spasmodics
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This document discusses various antispasmodic and anticholinergic drugs including atropine, hyoscyamine, timonium, mebeverine, coloverin, oxybutynin, tolterodine, and trospium. It provides information on their mechanisms of action, current uses such as treatment of organophosphorus poisoning with atropine, dosing schedules including three times daily doses for some drugs, and references for further information.
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This document discusses various classes of antiemetic, prokinetic, and digestant drugs. It covers:
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Antiemetics
The document discusses antiemetics, which are drugs used to treat nausea and vomiting. It defines nausea, vomiting, and antiemetic agents. It describes the vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone in the brain which stimulate vomiting once activated. It explains the different mechanisms of action that various antiemetics use to block vomiting pathways, such as blocking acetylcholine, histamine H1 receptors, dopamine receptors, serotonin receptors, and cannabinoid receptors. Finally, it reviews the indications for different classes of antiemetics in treating conditions like chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, postoperative nausea, and motion sickness.
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Antiemetics are drugs that prevent nausea and vomiting. They work by blocking receptors in the vomiting center of the brain such as H1 receptors, muscarinic receptors, dopamine D2 receptors, and 5-HT3 receptors. Common antiemetics include antihistamines like cyclizine for motion sickness, scopolamine for motion sickness, phenothiazines like prochlorperazine for chemotherapy induced vomiting, and 5-HT3 receptor antagonists like ondansetron for chemotherapy and radiation induced vomiting. The document discusses the mechanisms and uses of various classes of antiemetic drugs for conditions like morning sickness, motion sickness, vertigo, and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiation, or other illnesses.
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- 7. Spasmolytic drugs • Hyoscyamine • Timonium • Mebeverine • Dose : 3 times Daily ½ hour Before meals
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- 9. Overactive bladder (OAB) medications • Oxybutynin • Tolterodine • trospium