This document outlines components of maternal and child health care services including antenatal care, intranatal care, and postnatal care. It discusses the objectives and services provided at each stage of care. Antenatal care aims to promote the health of the mother and baby during pregnancy through regular checkups and health education. Intranatal care focuses on a clean delivery through aseptic measures. Postnatal care monitors for complications and provides family planning services after birth. The document provides details on the services, advantages, and disadvantages of care delivered at home or in institutions.
Vital statistics related to maternal health in indiaPriyanka Gohil
This topic contains introduction of vital statistics, list of important statistics, birth rate, death rate, specific death rates, infant mortality rate, neonatal mortality rate, under five mortality rate, maternal mortality rate (detailed), perinatal mortality rate (detailed), expectation of life, general fertility rate and still births.
Maternal and child health” refers to
the promotive, preventive ,curative
and rehabilitative health care for
mothers and children ,child health,
family planning, school health,
handicapped children, adolescence
and health aspects of children in
special setting such as day care.
Vital statistics related to maternal health in indiaPriyanka Gohil
This topic contains introduction of vital statistics, list of important statistics, birth rate, death rate, specific death rates, infant mortality rate, neonatal mortality rate, under five mortality rate, maternal mortality rate (detailed), perinatal mortality rate (detailed), expectation of life, general fertility rate and still births.
Maternal and child health” refers to
the promotive, preventive ,curative
and rehabilitative health care for
mothers and children ,child health,
family planning, school health,
handicapped children, adolescence
and health aspects of children in
special setting such as day care.
Obsterics and Gynaecology-
introduction-Preventive obstetrics is the concept of prevention or early detection of particular health deviations through routine periodic examinations and screening .
The concept of preventive obstetrics concerns with the concepts of the health & wellbeing of the mother her baby during the antenatal,intranatal & postnatal period.
The goal of the preventive obstetrics is the delivery of a healthy infant by a healthy mother at the end of a healthy pregnancy.
Pregnancy & child birth normal physiological
process that change from conception to
delivery.
Objectives
To promote , protect and maintain the health of the mother during pregnancy.
To detect “high risk” cases and give them special attention
To foresee complications and prevent them.
To remove anxiety and dread associated with delivery
This presentation is the analysis of current newborn care in India. It focuses on the Hospital birth scenario and Factors contributing to newborn death. It further highlights , how the Midwives can make a difference.
Introduction
Screening of high risk cases
High risk cases (according to WHO)
Management of high risk cases
Risk approach (according to WHO)
Interventions to reduce maternal mortality
Safe motherhood services basically a topic of commutiny medicine...
All of the services are described well in the slides
Hope so all of uu will find it and it 'll be helpfull for all of you
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
3. OBJECTIVES;
At the end of this session, learners will be able to undeerstand;
1. Maternal and Child Health Care Service and it’s Components.
2. Antenatl Care, Intranatl Care & Postnatal Care aims, objectives,
services, advantages, disadvantages and Complications.
4. MOTHER & CHILD HEALTH CARE (MNCH)
• It is a branch of public health, which is planned for health
supervision of the mother and child, not only physical but
mental and emotional health.
• AIMS:
• Making available the best possible care for women during
pregnancy, labour and puerperuim.
• Best possible care to childen while they are growing and are
valnurable.
5. COMPONENTS OF MNCH
1. Antenatal/Prenatl Care
2. Intranatal Care
3. Postnatal Care
4. Infant Care
• under five years
• Immunization.
• Nutritional disorders
5. Training Programs.
6. Health Education.
6. 1. ANTENATAL/PRENATAL CARE
It means care of mother during pregnancy.
AIMS:
• The aim of antenatl care is to achieve healthy mother and
healthy baby at the end of pregnancy.
• OBJECTIVES:
• To promote, protect and maintain health of the mother
during pregnancy.
• To detect high-risk cases and give them special attention.
• To assess complications and prevent them.
7. Antenal Care Objectives....
• To reduce anxiety associated with delivery.
• To reduce maternal and fatal mortality and morbidity.
• To sensitize mother to the need for family planing.
• To teach the mother elements of child health care,
nutrition, personal hygiene and environmental
sanitation.
• To attend the under five years accompanying the
mother.
8. COMPONENTS OF ANTENATAL/PRENATAL CARE
1. Antenatal care clinic.
2. Home visits.
3. Labortary and diagnostic facilities.
4. mental prepration and family planing.
5. making referrals and follow-up.
9. 1. Antenatal/Prenatal Care Clinic
• Carefull and complete obstretic history.
• Medical Examination.
• Consultation.
• Health education classes.
Routine Visits;
• 1st visit as soon as possible.
• After every 4 weeks till 28 weeks.
• After every 2 weeks till 36 weeks.
• Once a week till she delivers.
10. Minimum Visits;
• 1st visit- before 12 weeks to confirm pregnancy.
• 2nd visit at 24 weeks for baseline health profile.
• 3rd visit at 32-34 weeks to find-out position and presenting
part.
• Last visit at 36 weeks to decide where to deliver the baby.
11. 2. Home Visits
• It is the backbone of MCH services, 1/3 of the visits must be
home visits, if mother is attending antenatal clinic.
It’s aims are;
• Health education.
• To observe home environment (nutrition sanitation, personal
hygiene).
• Follow-up services.
12. Routine at 1st Visit;
• Confirm pregnancy.
• Know the baseline health status (Vitals).
• Complete general physical examintion.
• Routine investigations (blood complete picture, urine DR
(detailed report), BP.
• Special investigations ( blood sugar random, Rh factor, etc).
13. Routine at consequent Visits
• Fundal height, to check duration of pregnancy.
• Blood pressure and weight.
• Breast examination.
• Fatal heart rate.
• Urine examination for sugar and albumin.
14. Antenatl/Prenatal Advice
• It is a major component pf prenatal/antenatl care.
A. Diet;
• Weight gain should be 10-12 kg and 60,000 kcal for total duration
of pregnancy.
B. Personal Hygiene;
• Light work is advised but heavy work is not recommded.
• 8 hours of sleep with 2 hours after mid-day meals.
• Avoid smoking.
• Proper dental hygiene.
• Sexual intercourse is restricted especially during last trimester.
15. C. Drugs;
• Some drugs cause congenital abnormalties, so they are
contraindicated, eg. tetracycline, streptomycin,
corticosteroids.
D. Immunization;
• Immunization of mother for Tetanus Toxoids.
16. 3. Labortary & Diagnostic Facilties
There are helpful in detection of special health problems related with
pregnancy.
• Anemia:
• It means Haemoglobin Hb level is less than 11gm/dl.
• Majority of women during pregnancy suffer from anemia.
• Rh Factor: It is an essential aspect to detect antibody.
• In order to prevent Rh sensitization/reaction in all women at risk (Rh
negative women with Rh positive husband or Rh positive fetus).
• I/M administration of 200-300 microgram of Rh Ig (immunoglobulin) at 28-
34 weeks.
• Second dose is given after delivery, if baby is Rh positive.
17. TOXIMIA OF PREGNANCY:
The presence of albumin in urine, an increased BP, and edema
indicates toximia of pregnancy.
GERMAN MEASLES:
• It is characterized by fever and malaise for a day or two.
• If mother suffers from german measles during first trimester, the
infant maybe born with congenital abnormalities.
• In such cases, termination of pregnancy is suggested.
18. 4. MENTAL PREPARATION AND FAMILY PLANING
• Mental preparation is very important.
• Mother must be informed about all aspects of pregnancy and
delivery.
• During pregnancy, mother is more acceptive to advice on family
plannig than at other times.
• She must be informed about problems of large sized family.
• She is motivated to limit her family to 2 to 3 children.
19. 5. MAKING REFERRALS AND FOLLOW UP
• This is very important component for high-risk
people.
• Complicated cases should be referred to specialist
where adequate facilities are provided.
• There must be follow up visit to know the postpartum
complications.
20. 2. INTRANATAL CARE
• It means care of mother during child birth and also of child.
• Childbirth is a normal physiological process but complications
may rise.
• Therefore, need for intranatl care is necessary.
21. AIMS:
• Clean delivery through aseptic measures. It is achieved by;
• Clean delivery.
• Clean hands.
• Clean cutting and care of the cord.
• Delivery with minimum injury to infant and mother.
• Ready to deal with complications such as prolonged labour,
antipartum hemorrhage, convulsions, mal presentations, etc.
• Care of the baby at the time of delivery.
22. INTRANATAL SERVICES:
1. The above aims of intranatal care are achieved by following services;
2. Domicilliary midwifery care.
3. Intitutional care.
4. Home helps.
5. Maternity homes.
6. Transport facilities for midwives.
7. Ambulance services
8. Blood transfusion services.
9. Diagnostic and labortary facilities.
10.Arrangments for consultation and refferals.
23. 1. Domiciliary Care:
• The care provided at home is called domiciliary care.
• Mothers with normal obstretric history may be advised to have
domiciliary care.
• In such cases, delivery is conduced br trained Dai/Midwife (one
midwife is for 100 births or 3000 population).
24. ADVANTAGES:
• Domiciliary care is less expensive.
• No tension of going to hospital.
• mother is delivered in familiar sorroundings.
• It is convenient and psychological satisfactory.
• Mother keep an eye upon her children and home affairs,
• Chances of cross infection are rare.
• No chance of mixing of children
25. DISADVANTAGES:
• Less medical care at home.
• Less rest for women, she may resume her duties earlier.
• her diet maybe neglected.
• Not fully safe.
26. 2. INSTITUTIONAL CARE:
The care provided in a institutional (hospitals, maternity homes,
etc.) is called institutional care.
• Institutional care is recommended for all high-risk cases and
where homes conditions are not suitable.
• Mother is allowed to rst in bed on first day after delivery.
• From next day she is allowed to sit.
• After 3-4 days, she is discharged.
27. ADVANTAGES:
• Aseptic measures.
• Better medical service.
• Safe for high-risk cases.
• Diet and health is properly looked after.
• Emergency conditions and complications are managed.
28. DISADVANTAGES:
• More expensive.
• Psychological tension of goint to hospital.
• Chances of cross infections.
• Chances of mixing of children.
29. DANGER SIGNALS DURING LABOUR:
• Sluggish /slow or no repair after rupture of memranes.
• Prolonged of first stage labour.
• Obstructed labour.
• Meconuim stained liquor MSL has been considered a
sign of fetal distress due to hypoxia.
• (Meconium is the early stool passed by a newborn soon
after birth, before the baby starts to feed and digest
milk or formula).
• Post-partum hemorrhage.
30. ROOMING IN & ITS ADVANTAGES:
• ROOMING IN;
• Keeping the baby’s crib by the side of mother’s bed is called
rooming in.
• ADVANTAGES:
• This gives mental satisfaction to mothet.
• She can easily breast feed her child.
• She has no fear of misplacement of her child and this builds up
her self-confidence.
• Child gets familiar with mother.
31. 3. POSTNATAL CARE
• The care of the mother after deliver is known as postnatal or
postpartal care.
• After birth, care of mother is the responsilbilty of obstetrician
and peadiatrician.
• This combined area of responsibilty is called neonatology.
32. OBJECTIVES:
• To prevent postnatal complications.
• To provide family planning services.
• To check adequacy of breastfeeding.
• To provide basic health education to mother, e.g.
postnatal exercises.
33. SERVICES OF POSTNATAL CARE
• Home visiting program by health visitors:
• Day 1-3 twice a day.
• Daily for 7 days.
• Last visit at the end of 6 weeks.
• Welfare centres for supply of milk, etc.
• Providing consultation and health education.
• Postnatal clinic for mothers.
• Hospital beds for complicated cases.
• Family Planning Services.
• Referral’s and Follow up.
34. POSTNATAL COMPLICATIONS:
• Puerperal sepsis (it is an infection of the genital tract occurring at
any time between rupture of membrane or labour and 42 days
postpartum or after miscarriege).
• Thrombophlebitis (is an inflammatory process that causes a
blood clot to form and block one or more veins, usually in the
legs).
• Secondary Postpartum Haemorrhage (is defined as any
significant vaginal bleeding that occurs between 24 hours after
placental delivery and during the following 6 weeks).
35. • Mastitis (Mastitis is an inflammattion of breast, with or
without a bacterial infection. The symptoms are red, painful,
hot, swollen breasts, and sometimes fever, chills and flu-like
symptoms).
• Urinary Tract Infection.
• Air Emblosim (Postpartum pulmonary embolism can also be
caused by obstructions, amniotic fluid* due to pregnancy
complications, air when placing a central venous catheter into
the blood, tissue, fat, and air bubbles.. .enters the bloodstream
and then travels to the lungs during caesarean section).
• Amniotic fluid* is the fluid that surrounds your baby during
pregnancy.