This document discusses standards in nursing, including definitions, importance, purposes, and characteristics of standards. It defines a standard as a benchmark of excellence and model for comparison. Nursing standards describe current nursing practice, knowledge, and quality of care, establishing accountability. Standards are important as they influence how healthcare is provided and assure high quality care. The document also discusses sources of standards, classifications of standards, and standards set by organizations like the International Council of Nurses and State Nursing Council. It covers standards for infection control, responsibilities of healthcare workers in following infection control standards, and standard precautions.

1. DEFINITION OF STANDARD
It can be defined as a benchmark of
achievement, which is based on desired level
of excellence. As such standards become
model to be initiated and may serve, in turn, as
basis of comparisons
The Oxford Dictionary,1964

2. DEFINITION OF NURSING STANDARD
NURSING PRACTICE STANDARD ARE
DESCRIPTIVE STATEMENTS THAT AFFECT THE
NATURE OF CURRENT NURSING PRACTICE
CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND CURRENT
QUALITY OF NURSING CARE. AS SUCH THEY
ARE A MEANS OF ESTABLISHING
ACCOUNTABILITY OF NURSING CARE
RENDERED BY THE PROFESSIONAL NURSE.

3. IMPORTANCE OF STANDARDS
•FORM THE FUNDAMENTAL BUILDING BLOCKS
•INFLUENCE AND TRANSFORM THE WAY WE LIVE,
WORK AND COMMUNICATE.
•ASSURANCE THAT THE HIGHEST QUALITY OF CARE
WILL BE PROVIDED TO ALL PATIENT IN ALL HEALTH
CARE SETTING.
•ESTABLISHED CRITERIA FOR THE PRACTICE OF
NURSING.

4. PURPOSE OF STANDARD
•GIVE DIRECTION AND PROVIDE GUIDELINES FOR
PERFORMANCE OF NURSING STAFF
•PROVIDE A BASE FOR EVALUATING QUALITY OF NURSING
CARE, RANGING FROM EXCELLENT CARE OF USAGE CARE
•HELP TO IMPROVE QUALITY OF NURSING CARE INCREASES
EFFECTIVENESS OF CARE AND IMPROVE EFFICIENCY
•HELP TO IMPROVE DOCUMENTATION AND RECORD OF
CARE.
•HELP IN DETERMINE THE DEGREE OF STANDARDS
•HELP SUPERVISOR TO GUIDE NURSING STAFF TO IMPROVE
PERFORMANCE

5. CONTI…..
•HELP TO IMPROVE BASIS FOR DECISION
MAKING AND DESIRE ALTERNATIVE SYSTEM
FOR DELIVERING NURSING CARE.
•JUSTIFY DEMANDS OR RESOURCE
ASSOCIATION.
•HELP TO CLARIFY NURSES’ AREA OF
ACCOUNTABILITY.
•HELP NURSES TO DEFINE CLEARLY DIFFERENT
LEVEL OF CARE.

6. CHARACTERISTICS OF STANDARD
•STATEMENT MUST BE BROAD ENOUGH TO APPLY TO A WIDE
VARIETY OF SETTING.
•MUST BE REALISTIC, ACCEPTABLE AND ATTAINABLE.
•STANDARDS OF NURSING CARE MUST BE DEVELOPED BY
MEMBER OF NURSING PROFESSION.
•SHOULD BE PHASED IN POSITIVE TERMS AND INDICATED,
ACCEPTABLE PERFORMANCE THAT IN GOOD EXCELLENT ETC.
•IT MUST EXPRESS WHAT IS DESIRABLE
•IT MUST BE UNDERSTANDABLE AND STATED IN
UNAMBIGUOUS TERMS
•IT IS BASED ON THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ON SCIENTIFIC
PRACTICE
•REVIEW AND REVISED PERIODICALLY.

7. SOURCES
•THE STANDARD CAN BE ESTABLISHED,
DEVELOPED, REVIEWED OR ENFORCED BY VARIETY
OF SOURCES AS FOLLOW.
•PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATION E.G., TNAI
•LICENSING BODIES- E.G. INC,MCI AND DCI ETC
•INSTITUTION/HEALTH CARE AGENCIES E.G.
UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, HEALTH CENTRES.
•DEPARTMENT OF INSTITUTION- E.G. SPECIFIC
PATIENT UNIT
•GOVERNMENT UNIT AT NATIONAL, STATE LOCAL
UNITS

8. CLASSIFICATION OF STANDARDS
•NORMATIC STANDARD
•EMPIRICAL STANDARD
•END STANDARD
•MEAN STANDARD
•STRUCTURE STANDARD
•PROCESS STANDARD
•OUTCOME STANDARD

9. STANDARD AND PRACTICE DEVELOPED BY
INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL OF NURSES, 1949
THE INC ACT IS THE ONLY NATIONAL
LEGISLATION DIRECTLY RELATED TO NURSING
PRACTICE
•THE RIGHT TO REFUSE TO TREAT THE PATIENT
EXCEPT IN AN EMERGENCY SITUATION.
•THE RIGHT TO ISSUE FOR FEES
•THE RIGHT TO ADD A LITTLE OR DESCRIPTION
TO ONE NAME
•UNREGISTERED PRACTITIONER

10. FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES
TO EXERCISE A REASONABLE DEGREE OF SKILL AND
KNOWLEDGE IN TREATING PATIENT.
OWNS A RELATIONSHIP TO A PATIENT HAS BEEN
ESTABLISHED
A PRACTITIONER MUST GIVE PERSONAL ATTENTION TO
HIS CASE AND ANSWER CALLS
CHILDREN MUST BE PROTECTED FROM HARMING
THEMSELVES
SPECIAL PRECAUTION MUST BE TAKEN IN CASE OF
ADULTS WHO ARE INCAPABLE TO TAKE CARE OF
THEMSELVES.
DANGEROUS DISEASES MUST BE REPORTED.

11. STANDARD BY THE INC
•THE COUNCIL HAS IN THE FRAMEWORK FOR POST-
REGISTRATION NURSING PRACTICE EDUCATION (MAY
2001) PROVIDES THE FRAMEWORK ON WHICH
PARTICULAR COMPETENCIES FOR A DEFINED
SPECIALLY AREA.
•IT DEFINED AS SPECIALLY NURSING PRACTICE IS THE
EXERCISE OF HIGHER.
•IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF PROFESSIONAL SERVICE.
•STANDARD MUST BE EVIDENCE BASED.
•MUST USE STANDARDS TO EVALUATE THEIR PRACTICE

12. STANDARD BY THE SNC
•THE STATE GOVERNMENT CONTROL NURSING
PRACTICE THROUGH THE STATE NURSE’S
REGISTRATION ACT.
•THE TNMC HAVE ACT THAT PREVENT
REGISTRATION OR JUSTIFY REMOVAL FROM THE
REGISTER FOR THE FOLLOWING OFFENSES
•CONVICTION FOR A NONBAILABLE OFFENSE.
•BEING FOUND GUILTY
•POSSESSING DEFECT IN CHARACTER.

13. CONTI….
UNETHICAL PRACTICES PROHIBITED THE TNMC
ARE :
•THE DISHONEST USE OF CERTIFICATES
•PROCURING REGISTRATION BY FALSE MEANS
•FALSIFICATION OF THE REGISTER
•REPRESENTATION OF THE REGISTRATION BY AN
UNRECOGNIZED PERSON
•REPRESENTATION OF REGISTRATION AS A MEDICAL
PRACTITIONER
•A FINE IS THE USUAL PENALTY IMPOSED FOR
DISOBEYING THE LAW STATED BY TNC

14. CONTI……
INFECTION CONTROL; STANDARD SAFETY MEASURES
•SICP (STANDARD INFECTION CONTROL
PRECAUTION) ARE DESIGNED TO PREVENT
CROSS TRANSMISSION FROM RECOGNIZED AND
UNRECOGNIZED SOURCES OF INFECTION.
•EVERY HOSPITAL HAVE INFECTION CONTROL
UNIT WHICH WILL BE HANDLED BY AN
INFECTION CONTROL TEAM WHO WILL OBSERVE
THE STANDARD PRECAUTIONS FOLLOWED BY
EACH STAFF MEMBERS.

15. RESPONSIBILITY OF WORKERS REGARDING STANDARD INFECTION
CONTROL PRECAUTION
•ALL STAFF PROVIDING DIRECT CARE IN A HEALTHCARE SETTING MUST APPLY
PRINCIPLES OF SCIPS.
•ALL STAFF HAS RESPONSIBILITY TO ENCOURAGE PATIENTS/ RELATIVES/
RESIDENTS, CARERS AND OTHER STAFF TO COMPLY WITH THE PRINCIPLES OF
STANDARD INFECTION CONTROL PRECAUTION.
• REPORT TO NURSE IN CHARGE ABOUT THE DEFICIT KNOWLEDGE AND OTHER
FACTOR RELATED TO SCIP, THAT MAY RESULTED TO CROSS CONTAMINATION.
•NOT PROVIDE DIRECT PATIENT CARE WHILE INFECTIOUS AS THIS COULD
CAUSE HARM.
•CONSIDER THE ELEMENTS OF SCIP SUCH AS HAND HYGIENE AS AN
OBJECTIVE WITHIN STAFF CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
ENSURING CONTINUOUS UPDATING OF KNOWLEDGE SKILL
•BE AWARE OF NATIONAL AND LOCAL POLICIES, PROCEDURE, AND
CAMPAIGNS

16. STANDARD PRECAUTION
THEY ARE BASED ON THE CONCEPTS THAT ALL BLOOD, URINE, FAECES,
VOMITING, EXCRETA, SALIVA, SPUTUM, SECRETION FROM NONINTACT SKIN,
WOUNDS AND MUCOUS MEMBRANE SHOULD BE TREATED AS POTENTIALLY
INFECTIOUS.
EVERYONE SHOULD TAKE APPROPRIATE PROTECTIVE MEASURE WHEN COMING
INTO CONTACT WITH THEM. THESE INCLUDE:
•HAND HYGIENE
•RESPIRATORY HYGIENE AND COUGH MANNERS
•USE OF PPE
•PROPER CLEANSING AND DISINFECTION
•PREVENTION OF SHARP INJURY
•WASTE MANAGEMENT
•ISOLATION OF INFECTED PATIENTS
•BARRIER NURSING
SPECIFIC PROTECTION OF THE STAFF INCLUDE:
•IMMUNIZATION
•PERIODICAL HEALTH EXAMINATIONS OF THE EMPLOYEE

17. Made By:
Akansha John
M.Sc Nursing