This document provides an overview of maternal and child health services. It defines maternal and child health as promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative health care for mothers and children. The key components of maternal and child health services discussed are maternal health care, child health care, and family planning. Maternal health care includes antenatal care during pregnancy, intranatal care during delivery, and postnatal care after delivery. The document outlines the objectives, services, and indicators of maternal and child health programs.

1. MaternalAnd Child Health
PRESENTED BY-
SAURABH SINGH TOMAR
ASSIT.PROFESSOR
(COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING)
E-MAIL-saurabh.singh406@gmail.com

2. INTRODUCTION
“ Maternal and child health” refers to
the promotive, preventive ,curative
and rehabilitative health care for
mothers and children ,child health,
family planning, school health,
handicapped children ,adolescence
and health aspects of children in
special setting such as day care.

3. DEFINITION
“Maternal and child health services can be defined as
“promoting, preventing, therapeutic or rehabilitation
facility or care for the mother and child.”
According to WHO
• “Maternal and child health (MCH) refer to a package
of comprehensive health care services which are
developed to meet promotive, preventive, curative,
rehabilitative needs of pregnant women before, during
and after delivery and of infants and pre-school
children from birth to five years.”

4. OBJECTIVES
• Early diagnosis and treatment of the health problems
of all mothers and children
• Reduce maternal mortality and morbidity.
• Reduce prenatal and neonatal mortality and morbidity.
• Prevent malnutrition
• Prevent communicable diseases
• Promoting reproductive health or safe motherhood
• Regulate fertility so as to have wanted and healthy
children when desired.
• Provide basic maternal and child health care to all
mother and children.

5. • Promote and protect health of mothers.
• Promote and protect physical growth and psycho-
social development of children.
• Health education and family planning service
• Child survival
• Ensure birth of healthy child
• Promote healthy G & D

6. INDICATORS OF MCH
MMR
IMR
Neonatal
mortality
rate
Under
five
mortality
rate
Child
survival
rate

7. RECENT TRENDS IN MCH
CARE
Integration
of care
Risk
approach
Manpower
changes
Primary
health care
Reproductiv
e and child
health

8. ORGANIZATIONAL ACTIVITIES
OF MCH SERVICES
• Complete health check up and
care of the child and mother
from conception to birth
• Studying the health problems
of mothers and child
• Providing health education to
parents for taking care of
children
• Training to professionals and
assistant workers

9. COMPONENTS /SERVICES
OF MCH
1. Maternal
Health care
2. Child
Health care
3. Family
Planning

11. 1.MATERNAL HEALTH CARE
• Maternal health care include care of women during
pregnancy, child birth and after child birth. It also
includes treatment of child-less couples
• Components of Maternal health care:
1. Antenatal Care 2. INTRANATAL
CARE
3. Postnatal
Care

12. 1. ANTENATAL CARE:
The care of the women during pregnancy.
AIM
The primary aim of
antenatal care is to
achieve a healthy
mother and a
healthy baby at the
end of a pregnancy.

13. OBJECTIVES
1. To promote protect and maintain the health of
the mother during pregnancy
2. To detect:” high risk” cases and special attention
3. To foresee complications and prevent them
4. To remove anxiety and dread associated with
delivery
5. To reduce maternal and infant mortality and
morbidity
6. To teach the mother elements of child care,
nutrition ,personal hygiene and environmental
sanitation
7. To sensitise the mother to need for family
planning
8. To attend to the under –fives accompanying
the mother

14. ANTENATAL SERVICES AND
CARE
1. Registration Registration of pregnant women:- the mother
must be registered within 12 weeks of pregnancy
2.Antenatal
visits
Mother should attend a minimum of 3 visits
covering the entire period of pregnancy should be
1st visit at 20th weeks
2nd visit at 30th weeks
3rd visit at 36th weeks
a).Preventive
services for
mothers
( before delivery)
a. The first visit:
• Health history
• Physical examination
• Laboratory examination
b. On subsquent visits:
• Physical examination
• Laboratory tests

15. c. Iron and folic acid supplementation is given one
tablet of iron and folic acid twice a day for at least
100days to prevent anemia in mother & to promote
proper growth of fetus
d. Immunization against tetanus 2doses of tetanus
toxoid should be given. 1st dose at 16-20 weeks and
2nd dose at 20-24 weeks of pregnancy
e. Instruction on nutrition, family planning ,self-
care, delivery and parenthood
f. Home visiting by a female health worker
g. Referral services
b). Risk
approach
Risk approach for high risk cases like elderly primi,
malpresentations, antepartum hemorrahage,
pre-eclampsia, anemia, twins, ho previous caesarian
delivery, and general diseases like kidney disease,
diabetes, tuberculosis, liver diseases etc.

16. c).Maintenance
of records
Maintenance of records: the antenatal care is
prepared at the first examination, it include
registration number, identifying data, previous
health history, and main health events.
3.Prental
advices
A). Diet: lactation demand about 550 kcal a day.
Total weight gain 12kg , at 1st trimester 2 kg, 2nd
trimester 5 kg& 3rd trimester 5kg of weight
B). Personal hygiene:
Personal cleanliness
Rest and sleep: 8 hrs sleep and 2 hrs rest
Bowels
Exercise
Smoking and alcohol should be avoided It lead
to low birth weight and retardation
Dental care

17. Sexual inter course restricted during the first & last
trimester.1st trimester it increases the risk of abortion
& last trimester it predisposes to infection
c).Drugs the mother should be advised not to take any
medicine unless it is prescribed by the Doctor
d). Warning signs: unusual pain, Swelling of feet
hand or face, fits, headache, blurred vision bleeding or
discharge from vagina, dizziness, high fever baby’s
movement not being felt.
e). Child care :-the mother should be educated on
various aspects of child care
f).Radiation:-the mother should be advised to avoid
abdominal X-ray it predisposes child to the risk of
leukemia and other cancers.
g).Travel:-Avoid travel during first and last trimester
h)Follow up visits:-mother must be educated about the
need for regular visit and proper care during
pregnancy.

18. i).Psychological preparation of the mother:
The expectant mother, especially the primary Para
mother has fear and anxiety about child birth, its
outcome, complications etc. It is very important to
discuss various aspects of pregnancy and delivery.
This helps in overcoming their fears and anxieties.
4.Specific
protection
Anemia
Nutritional deficiencies
toxemias of pregnancy
tetanus
syphilis
German measles
RH status
HIV infection
5.Mental
preparation
Mother craft classes at MCH centers help a
great deal in achieving this objective

19. 6.Family
planning
The mother should be educated and motivated
for small family norm and spacing of children
7. Paediatric
component
All antenatal clinics to pay attention to the
under-fives accompanying the mothers

20. 2. INTRANATAL CARE
Natal care refers to care during
confinement/delivery/ birth of a child.
• Child birth is a normal physiological
process ,but complications may arise,
septicemia may arise result from
unskilled and septic manipulations, and
tetanus neonatarum from the use of
unsterile instruments. The emphasis on
the cleanliness. It entails
 Clean hands and fingernails
 Clean surface for delivery
 Clean cutting and care of cord

21. INTRANATAL CARE
AIMS
• To provide Thorough asepsis
• Delivery with minimum injury to
the infant and mother
• Readiness to deal with
complications such as prolonged
lobour, ante-partum hemorrhage,
convulsions, mal-
presentation,prolapse of cord etc..
• Care of the baby at delivery-
resuscitation, care of the cord, care
of the eyes.

22. OBJECTIVE:
• The objectives of natal care:
1. To prevent infection,
2. Prevent injury to both mother and
baby,
3. To detect and deal with any
complications e.g. ante partum and
post-partum hemorrhage,
prolonged labour, Malpresentation,
prolapse cord etc.,
4. To resuscitate the baby and to
provide immediate care to baby.

23. INTRANATAL CARE
INCLUDES….
1.Domicillary
care:
Mother with normal obstetric history may be
advised to have their confinement in their
homes,provided the home conditions are
satisfactory.
In such cases the delivery may be conducted
by the” health worker female or trained dai”
this is known as “ domiciliary midwifery
service”.

24. DOMICILLARY SERVICE
ADVANTAGES
• Mother delivers in the
familiar surroundings of
her home –
• Less chance of cross
infection –
• Mother is able to keep
an eye upon her children
and domestic affairs.
DISADVANTAGES
• Mother may have less
medical and nursing
supervision –
• Mather may have less
rest –
• Mother resume her
duties too soon –
• Diet may be neglected

25. Responsibilities Of Female Health
Worker In Domiciliary Care
• She should be adequately trained to
recognize the” danger signals” are
 Sluggish pains or rupture of
membranes
 Prolapsed of the cord or hand
 Meconium stained liquor
 Excessive show or bleeding during
labour
 Late placental separation
 Post-partum hemorrhage or collapse
increased temperature

26. 2.Institutional care: At about 1% of deliveries tend to
be abnormal, requiring the
services of a doctor institutional
care is recommended for all ‘ high
risk’ cases and where home
conditions are unsuitable.
3. Rooming in Keeping the baby’s crib at the
side of the mother’s bed is called
“rooming-in”.
It also allays the fear in the mother
mind that the baby is not misplaced
in the central nursery.

27. CARE AND SERVICES
 Preparation of place and surroundings of confinement.
 Preparation of equipment and supplies required during
delivery. ž
 Physical and psychological preparation of the mother.
 Examination of mother’s physical condition abdominal
palpation, monitoring fetal heart sound, observation of
vital signs, labour pain and uterine extraction etc.
 Conducting delivery, watchful about any problem and
helping mother in taking pains. ž
 Referral of mother immediately in case of any such
problem. ž
 Giving immediate care to mother and baby after delivery. ž
 Giving instruction to the mother and family members. ž
 Maintaining record and reporting of birth to authority.

28. 3.POSTNATAL CARE
• It refer to care which is
rendered to both mother
and the baby after delivery

29. OBJECTIVES
• To restore, promote and maintain health of mother and
baby.
• To promote breast feeding.
• To prevent complications.
• To establish good nutrition's of the baby.
• To prevent infection and identify any health
problem/disorder in the baby.
• To support and strengthen the parents confidence and
their role within their family and cultural environment.
• To motivate for planed and small family norms.
• To educate mother and family on various aspects of
mother and child care.

30. IMMEDIATE CARE OF THE
MOTHER
• After the baby is born and placenta is delivery, it is very
important that mother is made comfortable and watched
for any complication.
• The fundus is palpated, clots are expressed, and fundal
height is measured.
• The perineum is inspected for any laceration or tear,
perineal care is given, napkin fixed.
• Mother is made comfortable by removing the soiled
linen, thorough cleaning and by keeping her warm etc.
• Hot drink is given thereafter.
• The vital signs are recorded

31. Restoration Of Mother To Optimum
Health:
Physical 1. Postnatal examinations:
 Soon after delivery ,the health check-up must be
frequent, Twice a day during the first 3 days and
subsequently once a day till umbilical cord drops
off.
 FHW should checks vitals, breasts, check progress
of normal involution of uterus, examines lochia for
any abnormality,
 Check urine and bowels and advises on perineal
care
2.Anaemia:Routine HB estimation can be done
when anaemia discovered.If its there continue
treatment for 1 year.

32. 3.Nutrition:the nutritional needs of the
mother must be adequately met
4.Postnatal exercises: is to bring
streched abdominal and pelvic muscle back
to normal
2.Psychological Fear and insecurity may be eliminated by
proper prenatal instruction.
3.Breast feeding
4.Family
planning:
Mother should attend postnatal contacts to
adopt a suitable method for spacing the next
birth.
5.Basic health
education
Hygiene, feeding for mother and infant,
pregnancy spacing, importance of health
check-up, birth registration

33. IMMEDIATE CARE OF THE NEW BORN
1.Clearing the
airway
Immediately after birth the baby should cry
and breathe. In order to promote breathing the
airway needs to be cleared of mucus and any
other secretions.
2.Apgar score Apgar scoring is a device to monitor physical
condition of the baby. It is determined by
immediate observation of the heart rate,
respiration, muscles tone, reflex response and
colour of the infant. It is taken 1 minute &
again at 5 minutes after birth
3.Care of the cord The cord should be cut & tied when it has
stopped pulsating. Care must be taken to
prevent tetanus of newborn by unsterilized
instruments and cord ties

34. 4.Care of the
eyes
Before the eyes are open, the lid margins of the
newborn should be cleaned with sterile wet
swabs, one for each eye from inner to outer side.
5. Care of the
skin
The care of the skin is very important to
protect the child from any infection and keep the
baby clean and warm. The first bath is given
with soap and warm water to remove vernix,
mechonium and blood clots. Some prefer to apply
warm oil before the bath.
6.Maintainance
of body
temperature
The new born baby has the risk of hypothermia
because of immature heat regulating system. The
normal body temperature of a newborn is
between 36.5 deg C to 37.5 deg C it is important
that immediately after birth the child is quickly
dried with a clean cloth and wrapped in warm
cloth and given to the mother for skin-to skin
contact and breast feeding.

35. 7.Braest
feeding
•The breast feeding should be started as soon
as possible preferably within an hour of the
birth
8. Physical
examination
•The physical examination of the baby should
be done by health worker assisting mother in
delivery soon after the birth to identify any
birth injury, malformations and general health
condition of the baby.

36. POST NATAL VISITAND CARE
• It is very important to give regular and frequent visit to
post-natal mother when the delivery is conducted in
home. The health worker is expected to follow the
under mentioned schedule:
• 1st visit - within 24 hours (on the 2nd of delivery
was conducted by her )
• 2nd visit - 5th or 6th day
• 3rd visit - 10th day
• 4th visit - 2nd to 4th week
• 5th visit -6th to 8th week (the visit is done in the
clinic).
During these visits, both mother and baby are given
care to meet their health needs.

37. CARE OF THE MOTHER AND NEW
BORN DURING EACH VISIT
CARE OF MOTHER
• General observation of the
mother and the surrounding to
assess overall health status of
mother, cleanliness etc.
• Observation temperature, pulse
and respiration.
• Examination of breast,
involutions of uterus, lochia,
perineum for any kind of
abnormality.
CARE OF NEW BORN
• General observations of the
baby and how is he/she.
• Observation of temperature,
heart rate and respiration.
• Observation of eyes for any
kind of abnormality such as
watering of eyes or any
discharge etc.
• Observation of skin for change
in colour.

38. • Observation of any abnormality
in the abdomen likes painful and
hard abdomen.
It should be seen that the mother:
• Takes adequate nutritious diet.
• Takes sufficient rest and sleep.
• Keeps herself clean and protects
from infections
• Breast feeds her baby.
• Observation of cord stump .
• The weight is checked and
recorded.
• Observation of any sign of
abnormality of abdomen such
as distension, tenderness etc.
It should be seen that the
baby is.
• Adequately clothed, kept
clean.
• Breast fed on demand.
• Allowed to sleep and rest
most of the time and handled
only when necessary.
• Not given bottle feeds.

40. 2.CHILD HEALTH CARE
• Child health care refer to care of children from
conception to birth till the age of five

41. OBJECTIVE
 Decreasing child death and infant mortality rate
 Every child receives adequate care and proper
nourishment.
 Every child is immunized and protected from diseases.
 To monitor growth and development.
 To identify ailments and treated without delay.
 To educate the mother and family members to give
proper care to their children.
 Increasing health level of children
 Nutritious diet to children

42. CARE OF THE CHILD
personal care
of children:-
every child must get proper personal care to protect
the child from any kind of injury. It include
maintenance of personal hygiene, maintenance of
body temperature, rest and sleep, exercise, training
of child regarding healthy habits etc. .
Feeding of the
child
:-adequate and proper feeding is very important.
BREAST FEEDING:-
For the first few month(6 month)of life, breast
feeding is best food which is made available by
nature for healthy growth and development.

43. SUPPLEMENTARY FOOD:-
for the first six month, breast feed alone is
sufficient for normal growth and development.
Beyond six month baby require additional food to
meet body requirements. therefore it is necessary
to introduce various other food items suitable for
the age of the child. These are called
supplementary food.
MONITORING
OF GROWTH
AND
DEVELOPMENT
It is very important to monitor growth and
development of children regularly. It indicates
health and nutrition status of the child . It helps in
identification of any deviation from normal.
Ideally weight is measured and recorded once in a
month up to one year, once in two months up to
two years and once in three months upto five
years.

44. Immunizatio
n of children
•The child needs to be protected from six infectious
and vaccine preventable diseases. There diseases
include tuberculosis, tetanus, diphtheria, whooping
cough, measles and poliomyelitis.
•It is very important that health workers must educate
all the mothers about the importance of immunization
and must explain them about the immunization
schedule so that they will bring the child for
immunization according to schedule.
Safety and
security of
children
•Safety and security can be ensured by providing clean,
safe and comfortable physical environment. The water,
milk, and food supply must be free from infectious
agents and/or toxins.
•Disease carrying insects must be controlled. Accidents
hazards need to be removed or controlled in order to
prevent accidents such as falls, burns, poisoning,
drowning, aspiration of foreign objects, cuts and
abrasions etc.

45. Early
recognition and
treatment of
ailments:-
•There are number of ailments which can occur in
children from one month to five years and cause
morbidity and mortality.
•The most common ailments includes diarrheal
diseases, acute respiratory infection, vaccine
preventable diseases, nutritional deficiency
problems.
•It is very important to recognize these ailments
as early as possible so that timely treatment and
care can be taken at the family and health centre
level.

46. Immunization
Breast feeding
Growth and
developmentPersonal hygiene
Detection of health
problems &
treatment
SERVICES

47. CHILD CLINICS
1.UNDER FIVE
CLINICS
Aims and
activities
• Preventive care
• Growth
monitoring
• Care in illness
2.CHILD GUIDANCE CLINICS
• For children suffering from abnormal
behaviour or psychological problem
• Psychiatrists, community health nurse and
other auxiliary workers serve in these clinics
• Bed wetting/ enuresis
• Refusing to go to school
• Hating a family member
• Complain of being ignored/ neglected
• Cruel behaviour towards other children and
animals
• Stealing the objects
• Intense reaction to normal situation

48. THE PACKAGE OF SERVICES
FOR THE MOTHERS
• TT immunization
• Prevention and
Treatment of
anemia
• Antenatal care and
early identification
of maternal
complication
• Deliveries by
trained personnel
• Promotion of
institutional
deliveries
• Management of
obstetric
emergencies
• Birth spacing
FOR THE CHILDREN
• Essential newborn care
• Exclusive breast
feeding and weaning
• Immunization
• Appropriate
management of
diarrhea
• Appropriate
management of ARI
• Vitamin A prophylaxis
• Treatment of anemia
FOR THE ELIGIBLE
COUPLE
• Essential newborn
care
• Exclusive breast
feeding and
weaning
• Immunization
• Appropriate
management of
diarrhea
• Appropriate
management of ARI
• Vitamin A
prophylaxis
• Treatment of
anemia

50. The Function Of Community
Health Nurse In MCH Services
1. Direct care provider
2. Reproductive Health
3. Administrative
Function
4. Managerial Functions
5. Educational functions
6. Researcher

51. 1. DIRECT CARE PROVIDER
A. Antenatal care:-
i. Contact: Contacting every pregnant mother in the
primary Stage of pregnancy.
ii. History:- taking history of general health, previous child
birth and pres-ent pregnancy.
iii. intranatal examination:- Conducting physical birth and
present pregnancy. .
iv. Antenatal Examination:-
a. Calculate obstetric examination etc.
b. Calculating the expected date of delivery
c. Identifying high risk of mothers
d. Providing counselling and health education.
e. Helping mother and other family members in planning the
delivery.

52. B. Intranatal care:-
• Preparing the place for delivery.
• Arranging necessary equipment.
• Giving mental support to mothers.
• Preparing mother for delivery.
• Examine position of foetus, dilatation of
cervix, and heart of foetus, observing the
position of bladder and uterine contraction.
• Noting general condition of the pregnant
mother, process of pain and time of membrane
rupture.
• Ensuring safe delivery, examining umbilical
cord and noting abnormalities.
• If necessary, taking help of doctor or referring
patient to a specialist.

53. • Maintaining through asepsis
during delivery.
• Should be ready to handle
complications like bleeding,
malpresentation, cord
prolaps etc.

54. C. Postnatal care:-
• The week immediately after the child birth is called
postnatal period. The responsibilities of community
health nurse are
• Observing the blood pressure, temperature and pulse
of mother immediately after the delivery and then
during the following period.
• Collecting information about the general condition of
mother, food, sleep, pain and elimination etc. and,
accordingly the nursing care.
• Observing fundus, perineum, lochia, bladder etc.
• Observing breast and nipples.
• Protecting the mother from complications like
puerperal sepsis, breast inflammation, postpartum
hemorrhage, urinary incontinence, urinary retention
and thrombophlebitis and providing required
treatment.

55. D. Neonatal care
• Observing the respiration of
newborn, immediately after birth
and if necessary providing
resuscitation.
• Taking care of the umbilical cord
and cutting the
• Cord and tying it using proper
techniques.
• Taking notice of abnormalities or
congenital defects and informing the
relatives.

56. • Assessing the physical condition
of the newborn by his apgar score
( 9 or 10 is ideal score )
• Cleaning the newborn child
• Taking care of the newborn skin
and eyes.
• Keeping the newborn child on
safe bed and providing breast
feeding to baby at the earliest.
• Maintaining normal body
temperature of the new born.
• Give kangaroo care.

57. Function related to maternal
clinics
• Home visits:- During home visit,
community health nurse should try to
focus the attention of mother of
mother on the following points:-
• Antenatal check up and its
importance.
• Anatomy, physiology, and
psychology of pregnancy.
• Diet during pregnancy
• Plans of delivery
• Neonatal care
• Family planning

58. 2. ROLE IN REPRODUCTIVE
HEALTH
• Identify demographic characteristics of the
adolescents & adult population & maintain
data base
• Identify target groups & advocate the
pertinent family planning methods.
• Health educate sexually active population
on the STD & means to prevent them
• Screen for sexually transmitted disease &
take necessary action.
• Promote the concept of single partner
among sexually active population.

59. • Promote the usage & distribution
of condoms.
• Promote & familiarize
community about contraceptive
methods
• Promote & implement the sex
education in school & collegiate
curriculum
• Implement the reproductive
health initiatives implemented by
the RCH programme

60. 3. ADMINISTRATIVE
FUNCTION
• Evolve policy related to MCH.
• Serve as an information provider to
policy makers in relation to MCH
services.
• Serve as a liaison with the Govt,
community & NGO in organizing
& implementing MCH services.
• Develop counseling & MCH
assistance network in the state
• Create network with peripheral
MCH units with tertiary care
settings.

61. • Chalk out specific policies on
maintenance & establishment of
institutions catering MCH services.
• Involve other sectors in the provision of
MCH services
• Develop MCH advisory committee at
all levels
• Co-ordinate the state MCH activities
with the MCH activities of the nation
• Co-ordinate with allied systems of
medicine in the provision of MCH care.
• Translate & monitor the initiatives of
CSSM & RCH programme.

62. • Description for health manpower
employed to render MCH services.
• Reserve financial packages for MCH
services.
• Amend policies & legislations to
suit the existing MCH scenario of
the nation.
• Create & monitor the FRU at
primary, secondary & tertiary units.
• Allocate separate budget for MCH
services.
• Define job

63. 4. Managerial Functions
• Organizing and managing the
nursing homes.
• Playing the role of liaison
officer under referral system, for
sending the mother to hospital
for safe delivery.
• Taking part in community
activities.
• Explaining the importance of
reproductive and child health in
community.

64. • Supervising the work of midwives
and female health workers and
giving them appropriate suggestions.
• Organizing and managing maternal
clinics
• Coordinating between the doctor,
family and patients.
• Storing and maintaining the records
of maternal and child health services.
• Assisting the research work in the
field of maternal and child health
services.

65. 5. Educational functions
• Providing health education to
mother and family either
individually or in the group.
• Educating (using
demonstration) pregnant
mothers and relatives about
maternal nursing.
• Community health nurse
should discuss following
topics with pregnant mothers

66. • Importance of regular antenatal
check up.
• Personal hygiene and proper
diet.
• Clean environment ( including
mental environment)
• Importance of hospital delivery
or delivered or delivery by
trained worker.
• Taking care of infant.
• Thus, community health nurse
has a multifaceted role in
maternal services. It is only
through proper discharge
maternal and infant mortality can
be reduced to targeted rate.

67. 6.Researcher
• Identify researchable areas in MCH
& conduct research.
• Pool grant in aids to support
research activities in the areas of
MCH services.
• Support research scholars
undertaking research in the area of
MCH.
• Co-ordinate & net work research
activities.
• Design models based on research
findings.

68. PROGRAMMES AND SCHEMES
ARE SUPPORT TO THE MCH
• NRHM
• NUHM
• RCH
• JANANI SURAKSHA YOJANA (JSY)
• VANDEMATARM SCHEME
• SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTS (SBA)
• HOME BASED NEWBORN CARE (HBNC)
• INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF NEONATAL
AND CHILDHOOD ILLNESS (IMNCI).