Ankylosing spondylitis
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Ankylosing Spondylitis is a disease characterized by sacroiliitis and inflammation of the spine and tendon attachments. It commonly causes dull low back pain, bony tenderness, and arthritis. Over time, it can lead to a loss of spinal mobility and changes in posture like loss of lumbar lordosis and accentuated thoracic kyphosis. Disease progression is measured by factors like loss of height, limited chest expansion, and spinal flexion. Poor prognostic markers include early onset disease, early hip involvement, and smoking. Common extraarticular manifestations include anterior uveitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis. Disease activity is measured by tools like the BASDAI and BASFI scales.
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Ankylosing Spondylitis
This document provides information about Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the spine and pelvis. It defines AS and discusses its epidemiology, etiology involving genetic and bacterial factors. Symptoms ranging from back pain to eye inflammation and cardiac issues are described. Advanced stages can involve fusion of vertebrae and question mark posture. The document examines associations with HLA-B27 genes and theories on pathogenesis.
Ankylosing spondylitis
This document provides information on seronegative spondyloarthropathies (SpA), including ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Key points:
- SpA involve ligamentous attachments rather than the synovium and commonly affect the sacroiliac joints. They are seronegative for rheumatoid factor.
- AS is a chronic inflammatory disorder primarily involving the sacroiliac joints and axial skeleton. It has associations with HLA-B27 and may involve extra-articular manifestations.
- Diagnosis of AS combines criteria of inflammatory back pain, enthesitis or arthritis on physical exam with radiographic findings like sacroiliitis and syndesmophyte formation seen
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Ankylosing spondylitis UG lecture
Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the spine and sacroiliac joints. It is characterized by inflammation of the entheses, where ligaments and tendons attach to bone. Over time, this leads to ossification and fusion of the vertebrae (bamboo spine). Symptoms include chronic lower back pain and stiffness, especially early morning, as well as restricted spinal mobility. Diagnosis is based on clinical features and confirmed by presence of HLA-B27 and imaging showing sacroiliitis and vertebral squaring/syndesmophytes. There is currently no cure for ankylosing spondylitis, but treatment can help reduce symptoms and prevent deformity.
Ankylosing spondylitis
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis that causes inflammation of the spine and sacroiliac joints. It leads to stiffness and fusion of the vertebrae over time. Common symptoms include chronic lower back pain and stiffness that improves with exercise. Diagnosis involves physical exam, blood tests for HLA-B27 gene and inflammation markers, and x-rays showing fusion of vertebrae. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation and preventing spinal fusion using medications and exercise.
Ankylosing spondylitis
Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of inflammatory arthritis associated with the HLA-B27 gene. It typically causes stiffness and fusion of the spine over time. Diagnosis involves evidence of sacroiliac joint inflammation on imaging and a positive HLA-B27 test in most cases. Treatment focuses on exercises to maintain mobility, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and TNF inhibitors for severe cases. Surgery may be needed to correct spinal deformities or replace affected hips in advanced ankylosing spondylitis.
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Ankylosing Spondylitis
This document provides information about Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the spine and pelvis. It defines AS and discusses its epidemiology, etiology involving genetic and bacterial factors. Symptoms ranging from back pain to eye inflammation and cardiac issues are described. Advanced stages can involve fusion of vertebrae and question mark posture. The document examines associations with HLA-B27 genes and theories on pathogenesis.
Ankylosing spondylitis
This document provides information on seronegative spondyloarthropathies (SpA), including ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Key points:
- SpA involve ligamentous attachments rather than the synovium and commonly affect the sacroiliac joints. They are seronegative for rheumatoid factor.
- AS is a chronic inflammatory disorder primarily involving the sacroiliac joints and axial skeleton. It has associations with HLA-B27 and may involve extra-articular manifestations.
- Diagnosis of AS combines criteria of inflammatory back pain, enthesitis or arthritis on physical exam with radiographic findings like sacroiliitis and syndesmophyte formation seen
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The document describes two patients with lumbar spinal stenosis who were treated with non-surgical approaches. Both patients presented with low back pain and leg pain that worsened with walking. They underwent physical therapy evaluations including questionnaires, examinations, and treadmill tests. Physical therapy focused on exercises to improve strength, flexibility, and walking tolerance without worsening pain. Non-surgical treatments were aimed at reducing pain and disability from lumbar spinal stenosis.
Ankylosing spondylitis UG lecture
Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the spine and sacroiliac joints. It is characterized by inflammation of the entheses, where ligaments and tendons attach to bone. Over time, this leads to ossification and fusion of the vertebrae (bamboo spine). Symptoms include chronic lower back pain and stiffness, especially early morning, as well as restricted spinal mobility. Diagnosis is based on clinical features and confirmed by presence of HLA-B27 and imaging showing sacroiliitis and vertebral squaring/syndesmophytes. There is currently no cure for ankylosing spondylitis, but treatment can help reduce symptoms and prevent deformity.
Ankylosing spondylitis
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis that causes inflammation of the spine and sacroiliac joints. It leads to stiffness and fusion of the vertebrae over time. Common symptoms include chronic lower back pain and stiffness that improves with exercise. Diagnosis involves physical exam, blood tests for HLA-B27 gene and inflammation markers, and x-rays showing fusion of vertebrae. Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation and preventing spinal fusion using medications and exercise.
Ankylosing spondylitis
Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of inflammatory arthritis associated with the HLA-B27 gene. It typically causes stiffness and fusion of the spine over time. Diagnosis involves evidence of sacroiliac joint inflammation on imaging and a positive HLA-B27 test in most cases. Treatment focuses on exercises to maintain mobility, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and TNF inhibitors for severe cases. Surgery may be needed to correct spinal deformities or replace affected hips in advanced ankylosing spondylitis.
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- It most commonly affects the hands, knees, hips, and spine. Risk factors include age, genetics, joint injury, obesity, and mechanical stress.
- Clinically, patients experience joint pain, stiffness, swelling, crepitus, loss of function, and deformity. Investigations include x-rays showing joint space narrowing, osteophyte formation
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Ankylosing spondylitis
Ankylosing spondylitis is a form of chronic arthritis that primarily affects the spine. It causes inflammation and stiffness of the spinal joints and surrounding tissues, which can eventually lead to a complete fusion of the spinal bones. The condition is strongly associated with the HLA-B27 genetic marker and tends to develop early, between ages 18-30. While the exact cause is unknown, genetics and immune system factors like tumor necrosis factor are thought to play a role. There is no cure, but treatments can help reduce symptoms, slow the progression, and manage pain.
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This document provides information about Perthes' disease, including:
- It is characterized by avascular necrosis of the femoral head in children.
- Risk factors include being male and between ages 5-10 years old.
- Imaging studies like x-rays are used to diagnose and monitor the stages of avascular necrosis, fragmentation, ossification, and remodeling.
- Differential diagnosis depends on whether the condition is unilateral or bilateral.
- Treatment aims to prevent deformity through nonsurgical or surgical methods depending on the severity.
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Low back pain is a common condition affecting the lumbar region of the back. It has many potential causes, including muscle strains, injuries to bones or discs, and underlying medical conditions. Diagnosis involves taking a history and conducting a physical exam. Common tests used to evaluate low back pain include x-rays, MRI, and CT scans. Treatment focuses on pain relief through medications, physical therapy, exercise, and in severe cases, surgery. Proper posture and lifting techniques can help prevent low back pain.
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Osteoarthritis is a chronic condition characterized by the breakdown of cartilage in a joint, causing bones to rub together and leading to pain, stiffness, and loss of movement. It is most commonly caused by aging but can result from other factors like injury or genetics. Symptoms usually appear in middle age and worsen with age. Treatment focuses on reducing pain and inflammation, improving mobility, and preventing further joint damage through weight loss, physical therapy, braces, and medications like acetaminophen, NSAIDs, or corticosteroid injections. For those not helped by initial treatments, options include topical agents, opioids, viscosupplementation, or surgery. The goals of treatment are to control symptoms and preserve function.
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3) Details on prevalence, risk factors like smoking and genetics, pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, deformities, classification criteria and extra-articular manifestations.
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Ankylosing spondylitis
This document discusses ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a type of spinal arthritis. It begins by listing various synonyms for AS. The document then covers the definition, symptoms, causes, pathology, clinical features, radiological features, diagnosis, and management of AS. Key points include that AS is a seronegative inflammatory arthritis affecting the spine, it commonly improves with exercise and worsens with rest, and causes pain, stiffness, and fusion of the spinal joints over time if left untreated. Diagnosis involves meeting criteria related to symptoms and imaging findings. Treatment involves medications and physical therapy.
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Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by psoriasis of the skin and arthritis of the joints. It affects 15-25% of people with psoriasis. The causes are unknown but involve genetic and immune factors. Risk factors include family history of psoriasis. Symptoms include swollen, painful, stiff joints, especially in the knees, ankles, fingers and toes. There are five types classified by the joints affected and severity. Treatment involves medications like NSAIDs, methotrexate, exercise and assistive devices, with the goal of managing symptoms and slowing progression as there is no cure currently.
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This document summarizes ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a type of spondyloarthritis. It discusses the characteristics, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic criteria, treatment options, and surgical management of AS. Key points include that AS is a seronegative inflammatory disease associated with HLA-B27 antigen that causes inflammation in the axial skeleton. Symptoms include back pain and stiffness that worsens with inactivity and improves with exercise. Treatment involves NSAIDs and TNF-alpha inhibitors. Surgical interventions may include total hip replacement or spinal osteotomies.
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Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of inflammatory arthritis that affects the spine. It causes joints of the spine, particularly in the lower back, to become inflamed and painful. This inflammation can lead to new bone growth that fuses the vertebrae together, restricting flexibility and movement. Symptoms include lower back and hip pain and stiffness that lasts more than 3 months, as well as morning pain and stiffness that improves with exercise. It mainly affects males between ages 14-35 and has no cure, though medication can help relieve pain and stiffness.
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Dr. Mahak Jain presented on spondylolisthesis. Key points include:
1) Spondylolisthesis is the forward translation of one vertebra on another, commonly caused by defects in the pars interarticularis known as spondylolysis.
2) It is classified based on etiology, with dysplastic, isthmic, degenerative, traumatic, and pathological types.
3) Treatment depends on factors like grade, symptoms, and etiology, ranging from conservative care to surgical options like decompression, fusion, and instrumentation.
4) Studies show surgery with fusion has better outcomes for pain and function than nonsurgical treatment or decompression alone for degenerative
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This document provides an overview of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). It defines AS as a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the spine. Key points include that AS is strongly associated with the HLA-B27 gene and causes new bone formation and fusion of the spine. Symptoms include chronic back pain and stiffness. Treatment involves medications like NSAIDs, DMARDs, and TNF inhibitors like adalimumab, as well as exercise. Management can help improve symptoms but does not cure AS.
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>50% of children experience back pain by age 15. Common causes of back pain in children include muscle strains, spondylolysis, Scheuermann's disease, and tumors. A thorough history, physical exam, and imaging studies are needed to diagnose the underlying condition and guide treatment, which may include rest, bracing, medication, or surgery. Psychosomatic factors should also be considered and ruled out through a detailed history.
avn-180130070941.pptx
Avascular necrosis, also known as osteonecrosis or bone infarction, is the death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply. It most commonly affects the femoral head. There are many potential causes including trauma, alcohol use, steroid use, and idiopathic cases. Symptoms include pain and decreased range of motion. Treatment depends on the stage, with options including observation, core decompression, vascularized bone grafts, and hip replacement. Staging is important for determining treatment and can involve x-rays, CT scans, MRIs, and microscopic examination.
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- It most commonly affects the hands, knees, hips, and spine. Risk factors include age, genetics, joint injury, obesity, and mechanical stress.
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Ankylosing spondylitis is a form of chronic arthritis that primarily affects the spine. It causes inflammation and stiffness of the spinal joints and surrounding tissues, which can eventually lead to a complete fusion of the spinal bones. The condition is strongly associated with the HLA-B27 genetic marker and tends to develop early, between ages 18-30. While the exact cause is unknown, genetics and immune system factors like tumor necrosis factor are thought to play a role. There is no cure, but treatments can help reduce symptoms, slow the progression, and manage pain.
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This document provides information about Perthes' disease, including:
- It is characterized by avascular necrosis of the femoral head in children.
- Risk factors include being male and between ages 5-10 years old.
- Imaging studies like x-rays are used to diagnose and monitor the stages of avascular necrosis, fragmentation, ossification, and remodeling.
- Differential diagnosis depends on whether the condition is unilateral or bilateral.
- Treatment aims to prevent deformity through nonsurgical or surgical methods depending on the severity.
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The document provides information on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) including:
1) Three case scenarios of patients presenting with RA symptoms ranging from a 15 year old with migratory joint pain to a 55 year old with pain and stiffness localized to the knees.
2) An introduction describing RA as a chronic inflammatory disorder primarily involving peripheral joints in a symmetrical pattern.
3) Details on prevalence, risk factors like smoking and genetics, pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, deformities, classification criteria and extra-articular manifestations.
4) Causes of anemia, associations of rheumatoid factor, and patterns of small joint involvement in osteoarthritis, RA and psoriatic arthritis.
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Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by psoriasis of the skin and arthritis of the joints. It affects 15-25% of people with psoriasis. The causes are unknown but involve genetic and immune factors. Risk factors include family history of psoriasis. Symptoms include swollen, painful, stiff joints, especially in the knees, ankles, fingers and toes. There are five types classified by the joints affected and severity. Treatment involves medications like NSAIDs, methotrexate, exercise and assistive devices, with the goal of managing symptoms and slowing progression as there is no cure currently.
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Septicarthritis is an inflammation of the synovial membrane of a joint caused by bacterial, viral, or fungal infection. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause in adults. Symptoms include severe pain, swelling, warmth and limited range of motion in the infected joint. Diagnosis involves joint fluid analysis showing purulent material and inflammatory markers. Treatment requires antibiotics, drainage of pus, and sometimes surgery. Without rapid treatment, joint destruction and long-term disability can occur.
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This document summarizes ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a type of spondyloarthritis. It discusses the characteristics, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic criteria, treatment options, and surgical management of AS. Key points include that AS is a seronegative inflammatory disease associated with HLA-B27 antigen that causes inflammation in the axial skeleton. Symptoms include back pain and stiffness that worsens with inactivity and improves with exercise. Treatment involves NSAIDs and TNF-alpha inhibitors. Surgical interventions may include total hip replacement or spinal osteotomies.
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Ankylosing spondylitis is a type of inflammatory arthritis that affects the spine. It causes joints of the spine, particularly in the lower back, to become inflamed and painful. This inflammation can lead to new bone growth that fuses the vertebrae together, restricting flexibility and movement. Symptoms include lower back and hip pain and stiffness that lasts more than 3 months, as well as morning pain and stiffness that improves with exercise. It mainly affects males between ages 14-35 and has no cure, though medication can help relieve pain and stiffness.
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1) Spondylolisthesis is the forward translation of one vertebra on another, commonly caused by defects in the pars interarticularis known as spondylolysis.
2) It is classified based on etiology, with dysplastic, isthmic, degenerative, traumatic, and pathological types.
3) Treatment depends on factors like grade, symptoms, and etiology, ranging from conservative care to surgical options like decompression, fusion, and instrumentation.
4) Studies show surgery with fusion has better outcomes for pain and function than nonsurgical treatment or decompression alone for degenerative
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This document discusses the diagnosis and management of spondyloarthropathies, including ankylosing spondylitis (AS). It describes the clinical features of AS such as inflammatory back pain, sacroiliitis, and enthesitis. Diagnostic criteria including physical exam findings and imaging results are outlined. Disease assessments like the BASFI and BASDAI are also introduced. Treatment approaches are summarized, starting with NSAIDs and progressing to TNF inhibitors or other biologics if NSAIDs fail. Physical therapy is recommended alongside pharmacological interventions.
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Student Seminar Presentation under supervision of orthopedic specialist. Reference as mentioned in the slides.
Ankylosing Spondylitis
This document provides an overview of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). It defines AS as a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the spine. Key points include that AS is strongly associated with the HLA-B27 gene and causes new bone formation and fusion of the spine. Symptoms include chronic back pain and stiffness. Treatment involves medications like NSAIDs, DMARDs, and TNF inhibitors like adalimumab, as well as exercise. Management can help improve symptoms but does not cure AS.
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This document provides an overview of paraplegia in children, including definitions, causes, classifications, clinical features, investigations, and management. Paraplegia is defined as impairment of motor function in the lower extremities, which can be spastic or flaccid depending on whether it involves the upper or lower motor neurons. Causes include cerebral, spinal, infectious, inflammatory, demyelinating, hereditary, toxic, vascular, metabolic, tropical, and paraneoplastic conditions. Clinical assessment involves detailed neurological examination and investigations include imaging of the brain and spine as well as other tests depending on suspected etiology. Management involves addressing the underlying cause, rehabilitation, and preventing/treating complications.
Approach to paraplegia in children
This document provides an overview of paraplegia in children, including definitions, causes, classifications, clinical features, investigations, associated conditions, management, and complications. Paraplegia is defined as impairment of motor function in the lower extremities, which can be caused by lesions in the brain, spinal cord, or peripheral nerves. Causes include infection, inflammation, tumors, trauma, vascular issues, and inherited or metabolic conditions. Management involves general care, physiotherapy, symptom treatment, and addressing the underlying cause. Complications can include bedsores, contractures, infections, and blood clots.
Shoulder.pptx
shoulder injuries in emergency department
This is quick review of important conditions not to be missed and their management
It includes uncommon injuries and shoulder dislocations along with their emergency treatment
HIP AND KNEE PAIN.pptx
This document discusses diagnosis and treatment of hip and knee pain. It covers evaluating hip and knee pain through history, physical exam, and various imaging modalities like x-ray, CT, MRI, bone scan, and ultrasound. Specific causes of hip and knee pain are discussed like regional nerve entrapments, bursitis, and overuse syndromes. Evaluation and treatment of conditions like trochanteric bursitis, iliotibial band syndrome, and patellofemoral syndrome are summarized. Hip and knee anatomy, pediatric hip pain, and neural causes of groin pain are also outlined.
HIP AND KNEE PAIN.pptx
This document discusses diagnosis and treatment of hip and knee pain. It covers evaluating hip and knee pain through history, physical exam, and various imaging modalities like x-ray, CT, MRI, bone scan, and ultrasound. Specific causes of hip and knee pain are discussed like nerve entrapments, bursitis, overuse syndromes, and myofascial pain syndromes. Evaluation and treatment of these conditions focuses on conservative measures but may include injections or surgery.
HIP AND KNEE PAIN.pptx
This document discusses diagnosis and treatment of hip and knee pain. It covers evaluating hip and knee pain through history, physical exam, and various imaging modalities like x-ray, CT, MRI, bone scan, and ultrasound. Specific causes of hip and knee pain are discussed like regional nerve entrapments, bursitis, and overuse syndromes. Evaluation and treatment of conditions like trochanteric bursitis, iliotibial band syndrome, and patellofemoral syndrome are summarized. Hip and knee anatomy, pediatric hip pain, and neural causes of groin pain are also outlined.
TB HIP JOINT
Tuberculosis of the hip is a rare form of skeletal tuberculosis that can lead to significant deformity if not treated properly. It typically begins as a tuberculous synovitis that can progress to arthritis and destruction of the hip joint if left untreated. Treatment involves a combination of anti-tubercular medications for at least one year as well as rest and traction to prevent deformities. For more advanced cases, surgical procedures like synovectomy, osteotomies or arthrodesis may be needed. With adequate treatment, outcomes can be good, especially if caught early, but significant deformity can negatively impact function.
Xray imaging in non inflammatory arthritis
The document provides an overview of non-inflammatory arthritis, including the different types and their radiographic manifestations. It discusses osteoarthritis and its primary and secondary causes. Key features described include joint space narrowing, osteophytes, subchondral sclerosis for osteoarthritis. Neuropathic arthritis is characterized by the 6 D's. Osteonecrosis shows a radiolucent crescent sign and preserved joint space. Connective tissue diseases like scleroderma and mixed connective tissue disease demonstrate characteristic bone changes and calcifications. Metabolic disorders such as acromegaly, hemochromatosis, hyperparathyroidism, and gout each have distinct radiographic findings discussed in the summary.
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ARTHRITIS AND RELATED DISORDERS- INFLAMMATORY ARTHRITIS.pptx
ARTHRITIS AND RELATED DISORDERS- INFLAMMATORY ARTHRITIS.pptx
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ARTHRITIS AND RELATED DISORDERS- INFLAMMATORY ARTHRITIS.pptx
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This document discusses virilization and hirsutism. It defines virilization as clinical features associated with high male hormones in women, such as hirsutism, acne, deepening of voice, increased muscle mass and breast atrophy. Hirsutism is specifically defined as excessive hair growth in a male pattern in women. Potential causes of hirsutism include polycystic ovarian syndrome, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, exogenous androgen use, and androgen-secreting tumors. The document provides details on evaluating potential causes and treating hirsutism.
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This document provides an overview of gastrointestinal symptoms and their potential causes. It discusses symptoms related to the upper GI, lower GI, liver/biliary tract, pancreas, and general symptoms like abdominal pain and distention. For abdominal pain, it describes visceral, somatic and referred pain. Key symptoms reviewed include dysphagia, heartburn, dyspepsia, diarrhea, constipation, jaundice, itching, vomiting, lump in abdomen and altered sensorium. Potential causes are provided for each symptom. The document also reviews approaches to taking a history for abdominal pain.
Symptomatology of Respiratory Disorders
This document summarizes common presenting symptoms of respiratory disorders including cough, sputum production, hemoptysis, breathlessness, chest pain, voice changes, and hiccups. For each symptom, it describes typical causes, associated features to ask about, and examples of patients presenting with that symptom. It provides clinical details to help physicians evaluate respiratory symptoms and determine potential etiologies.
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The document outlines the approach to neurological diagnosis. It discusses always asking where the lesion is located and what type of lesion it is for neuroanatomical and etiological diagnosis. The diagnostic process involves taking a chief complaint, obtaining a history, performing a neurological exam, and considering possible diseases and differential diagnosis. A symptom-based approach is recommended starting with disorders of consciousness, mental functions, sensory and motor systems, and considering the temporal profile of symptoms. Common misinterpretations of symptoms are discussed.
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Progressive systemic sclerosis is a disorder affecting connective tissue in the skin, internal organs, and blood vessels. It is characterized by thickening and tightening of the skin, especially in the fingers and face. It can be classified as limited or diffuse cutaneous disease depending on the extent of skin involvement. Internal organ systems commonly impacted include the lungs, heart, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract. Management involves treatments for symptoms such as Raynaud's phenomenon, digital ischemia, reflux, and pulmonary hypertension. Prognosis depends on factors like the extent of skin and organ involvement.
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3
Sjogren's syndrome
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Ankylosing spondylitis
- 1. Ankylosing Spondylitis Dept of Medicine, ACMS
- 2. Pathology • Sacroiliitis • Spine • Enthesitis
- 7. Clinical manifestations • Dull low back pain • Bony tenderness • Arthritis • Neck pain and stiffness • Juvenile variant
- 8. On examination • Decreased spinal mobility – Modified schober’s test – Chest expansion • Pain in sacroiliac joint • Pain in hips and shoulder
- 11. Progression of the disease
- 13. Posture changes • Loss of lumbar lardosis • Buttock atrophy • Accentuated thoracic kyphosis • Forward flexion of the neck • Flexion of hip with compensatory flexion of kness
- 15. Parameters •Loss of height •Limitation of chest expansion •Spinal flexion •Occiput-wall distance •Floor gaze angle
- 17. Poor prognostic markers & complications • Early onset disease • Early hip involvement • Smoking • Spinal fractures – Lower cervical spine – Neural damage
- 18. Extraarticular manifestations Common • Anterior uveitis • IBD • Psoriasis • AR • Complete heart block Rare • Cauda equina syndrome • Upper lobe fibrosis • Retroperitoneal fibrosis • Amylodosis
- 19. Measurement of disease activity • BASDAI • BASFI • Cause of death – Spinal trauma – AR – Respiratory failure
- 20. Lab • HLA-B27 • ESR/CRP • Anemia • ALP • Spiromerty
- 22. Radiology Cervical spine Lumbar spine
- 23. ASAS criteria for classification of axial SpA SI on imaging plus ≥1 SpA feature HLA-B27 plus ≥2 other SpA features Sacroilitis on imaging SpA features Active inflammation on MRI highly suggestive of SpA associated SI Inflammatory back pain Arthritis Enthesitis And/or Anterior uveitis Definite radiographic sacroiliitis according to modified New York criteria Dactylitis Psoriasis Crohn’s disease or UC Good response to NSAIDs Family history of SpA HLA-B27 Elevated CRP