This document discusses the four main types of animal tissue: epithelial tissue, muscular tissue, connective tissue, and nervous tissue. It focuses on epithelial tissue and its types - simple epithelium, columnar epithelium, ciliated epithelium, and cuboidal epithelium. It also discusses muscular tissue types - striated muscles, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscles. In summary, it provides an overview of the four main tissue types found in animals with more detailed descriptions of epithelial and muscular tissues.

1. ANIMAL TISSUE
(PART -1)
BY- MISS RITIMA
APS RAKHMUTHI

2. ANIMAL TISSUE
THE TISSUE PRESENT IN THE ANIMALS IS CALLED
ANIMAL TISSUE.
THE ANIMAL TISSUE IS OF FOUR TYPES:
a. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
b. MUSCULAR TISSUE
c. CONNECTIVE TISSUE
d. NERVOUS TISSUE

4. EPITHELIAL TISSUE
IT IS A PROTECTIVE TISSUE .
THE CELLS OF THIS TISSUE ARE TIGHTLY PACKED
AND FORMS CONTINIOUS SHEET.
THE EPITHELIAL TISSUE MAY BE SIMPLE OR
STRATIFIED.

5. FUNCTION
IT FORMS THE OUTER LAYER OF SKIN .THESE CELLS
PROTECT UNDERLYING CELLS FROM INJURY, DRYING ,
CHEMICAL EFFECTS etc.
IT HELPS IN ABSORPTION OF WATER AND
NUTRIENTS.
INSIDE THE BODY , EPITHELIAL CELLS FORMS THE
LINING OF MOUTH AND ALIMENTRY CANAL AND
PROTECT THESE ORGANS.
EPITHELIAL CELLS HELP IN ELIMINATING WASTE
PRODUCTS.
SOME EPITHELIAL CELLS PERFORMS THE SECRETORY
FUNCTION

6. TYPES OF EPITHELIAL TISSUE

7. SIMPLE EPITHELIUM
 MADE UP OF THIN , FLAT
IRREGULAR SHAPED CELLS.
 CELLS ARE COMPACTLY
ARRANGED.
 IT ALSO CALLED AS
PAVEMENT EPITHELIUM.
OCCURANCE: FORMS DELICATE LINING OF CAVITIES
LIKE MOUTH , OESOPHAGUS etc.
FUNCTION: PROTECT THE UNDERLYING PARTS OF THE
BODY FROM MECHANICAL INJURY ,GERMS ,
CHEMICALS etc.

8. COLUMUNAR EPITHELIUM
THE CELLS ARE PILLAR
SHAPED.
OCCURANCE:
IT OCCURS IN THE LINING
OF STOMACH, SMALL-
INTESTINE , COLON
FORMING A MUCOUS MEMBRANE.
FUNCTION: ITS MAIN FUNCTION INCLUDE
ABSORPTION AND SECRETION.

9. CILIATED EPITHELIUM
 THE CELLS OF THE CILLIATED
EPITHELIUM ARE CUBOIDAL
AND BEARS A THREAD LIKE
CYTOPLASMIC OUT GROWTHS
CALLED AS CILLIA.
OCCURANCE: THEY ARE FOUND IN THE SPERM DUCT ,
LINING OF TRACHEA , BRONCHI , KIDNEY TUBULES ,
OVIDUCT.
FUNCTION: THE RYTHMIC BEATING OF CILLIA MOVES
THE SOLID PARTICLES IN ONE DIRECTION THROUGH
THE DUCT.

10. CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM
THE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM
CELLS CONSIST OF CUBOIDAL
CELLS.
OCCURANCE: IT IS FOUND IN
KIDNEY TUBULES, THYROID
VESICLES AND IN GLANDS.
IT FORMS GERMINAL EPITHELIUM OF GONANDS-
TESTIES, OVARIES.
FUNCTION : IT HELPS IN THE ABSORPTION , EXCRETION
AND SECRETION.
IT PROVIDE MECHANICAL SUPPORT.

11. MUSCULAR TISSUE
THE MUSCLE TISSUE IS A CONTRACTILE TISSUE
MADE UP OF MUSCLE CELL.
MUSCLE CELLS ARE ELONGATED AND LARGE
SIZED, SO THEY ARE ALSO CALLED AS MUSCLE
FIBRE.
ON THE BASES OF LOCATION AND FUNCTION
THERE ARE FOLLOWING TYPES OF MUSCLE FIBRES:
a. STRAIGHTED MUSCLES ( SKELETAL MUSCLES)
b. SMOOTH MUSCLES
c. CARDIAC MUSCLES

13. STRAIGHTED MUSCLES
THEY ARE STRIPPED MUSCLES.
 THEY ARE VOLUNTARY MUSCLES.
THE CHRACTERISTIC FEATURE OF
STRIPPED MUSCLES IS THAT THEY
SHOW ALTERNATE DARK AND LIGHT
STRIPES.
SINCE THESE MUSCLES ARE ATTACHED TO BONES , THEY ARE
ALSO CALLED AS SKELTAL MUSCLES.
THEY ARE MULTI NUCLEATED MUSCLES.
OCCURANCE: THE OCCUR IN MUSCLES OF LIMBS, BODY
WALL , FACE , NECK etc.
FUNCTION : THEY ARE POWERFUL AND UNDERGO RAPID
CONTRACTION.
IT PROVIDE FORCE FOR LOCOMOTION AND OTHER
VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT.

14. SMOOTH MUSCLES
THEY ARE ALSO CALLED
AS UNSTRAITED OR
INVOLUNTRY MUSCLES.
 THEY ARE HELD
TOGETHER BY LOOSE
CONNECTIVE TISSUE.
OCCURANCE: THEY ARE
FOUND IN THE WALLS OF HOLLOW VISCERAL
ORGANS EXCEPT HEART AND ARE CALLED AS
VISCERAL MUSCLES.
THUS THEY OCCUR IN WALLS OF ALIMENTRY CANAL,
INTERNAL ORGANS, DUCTS OF GLANDS,
URINOGENETICAL DUCTS AND BLOOD VESSELS.

15. CARDIAC MUSCLES
CARDIAC MUSCLES SHOWS
CHRACTERISTIC FEATURE OF
BOTH SMOOTH AND
STRAITED MUSCLES.
CARDIAC MUSCLES HAVE
STRIPS OF DARK AND LIGHT
BANDS.
THESE MUSCLES SHOWS DENSLY STAINED CROSS BANDS CALLED
AS INTERCALATED IMPULSE – ACT AS IMPULSE BOOSTER.
OCCURANCE: THE CARDIAC MUSCLES OCCUR IN THE HEART -
WALLS OF THE HEART.
FUNCTION: THEY CONTRACT ND RELAX RAPIDLY FROM EARLY
EMBRYONIC STAGE UNTIL DEATH. THE CONTRCTION AND
RELAXATION OF HEART MUSCLES HELP TO PUMP AND DISTRIBUTE
BLOODTO VARIOUS ORGANS OF THE BODY.