anatomy of lumbar spine, biomechanics of lumbar spine, movements at lumbar region, muscles of lumbar region, lumbar vertebra, kinetics and kinematics of lumbar spine
this PPT contain detailed kinetics & kinematics of ankle joint & all joints of foot complex, muscles of ankle & foot complex, plantar arches & weight distribution during standing.
THis PPT will give you knowledge about the principles of shoulder; articulating surface, motions, ligamentous structure and musculature structure that related to shoulder region.
Femoral Head (Superiorly, Medially, Anteriorly).
Acetabulum (Inferiorly, Laterally, Anteriorly).
Horseshoe-shaped (Acetabular Notch).
The deepest portion (Acetabular Fossa).
Labrum Acetabular:
Is a wedged fibrocartilaginous ring inserted into the acetabular rim to increase the acetabular concavity.
Posture - a perquisite for functional abilities in daily life. Posture is a combination of anatomy and physiology with inherent application of bio-mechanics and kinematics. Sitting, standing, walking are all functional activities depending on the ability of the body to support that posture to carry out each activity. Injuries and pathologies either postural or structural can massively change the bio-mechanics of posture and thus affect functional abilities.
It consist of Rib Cage:Sternum Thoracic vertebrae Ribs KINEMATICS
Ribs and manubriosternum
Ribs and thoracic vertebrae
MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH RIB CAGE
Primary muscles of ventilation
Secondary muscles of ventilation
PATHO-MECHANICS
this PPT contain detailed kinetics & kinematics of ankle joint & all joints of foot complex, muscles of ankle & foot complex, plantar arches & weight distribution during standing.
THis PPT will give you knowledge about the principles of shoulder; articulating surface, motions, ligamentous structure and musculature structure that related to shoulder region.
Femoral Head (Superiorly, Medially, Anteriorly).
Acetabulum (Inferiorly, Laterally, Anteriorly).
Horseshoe-shaped (Acetabular Notch).
The deepest portion (Acetabular Fossa).
Labrum Acetabular:
Is a wedged fibrocartilaginous ring inserted into the acetabular rim to increase the acetabular concavity.
Posture - a perquisite for functional abilities in daily life. Posture is a combination of anatomy and physiology with inherent application of bio-mechanics and kinematics. Sitting, standing, walking are all functional activities depending on the ability of the body to support that posture to carry out each activity. Injuries and pathologies either postural or structural can massively change the bio-mechanics of posture and thus affect functional abilities.
It consist of Rib Cage:Sternum Thoracic vertebrae Ribs KINEMATICS
Ribs and manubriosternum
Ribs and thoracic vertebrae
MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH RIB CAGE
Primary muscles of ventilation
Secondary muscles of ventilation
PATHO-MECHANICS
Goniometry of lower limb joints/ROM of lower limb jointsShalu Thariwal
Goniometer, goniometry, hip joint, knee joint, ankle, ROM, range of motion, hip flexion, knee extension, ankle dorsiflexion and planter flexion, inversion, eversion, alignment, position, fulcrum, stationary arm, moving arm, normal range of motion.
what is COV-2 and what are the recent advancements in management of coronavirus disease, vaccine development, management by drugs and their action, effectiveness of anti viral drugs, anti covid agents and methods of vaccine development and focus on spike protein
what are the mental health effects during COVID 19. symptoms, mental health effects in healthcare providers, in elderly, in covid patients and in children. how to manage these symptoms. psychological health of a person during coronavirus pandemic, WHO, health issues in people during COVID, effects of social media on mental health, psychotherapy and exercise
Coronavirus disease, transmission of COVID 19, signs and symptoms of COVID 19, how it affects respiratory system, pathogenesis of COVID 19, prevention from COVID, vaccine development. COVID 19 pandemic
the endocrine system, types of hormones, endocrine glands in the body, various hormones of pituitary gland, exercise respone to these hormones, upregulation and downregulation, growth hormone, cortisol, glucose, short term and long term effects of exercise, glucose metabolism and fat metabolism, exercise training, resistance, various evidence of previous studies.
what is a sprain and what is the strain, define sprain and grading of sprain, strain and grading of strain, symptoms, causes, treatment, RICE protocol, exercise, prevention, healing of sprain and strain
CNS, spinal cord, parts of brain, cerebrum, lobes of cerebrum, mid brain, hind brain, areas of brain, functions of lobes,spinal nerves, brainstem, brain and spinal cord, function of CNS, meninges of brain and spinal cord
physical medicine and rehabilitation, rehabilitation, aims of PMR, principles of physical medicine and rehabilitation, physiatrist and his role in PMR, goals of physical medicine and rehabilitation, physical rehabilitation and rehabilitation, prevention and learning principles of PMR, multi professional team, multidisciplinary approach, teamwork, team members of rehabilitation, PMR team, description of principles of rehabilitation
typhoid fever caused by salmonella typhi, enteric fever, salmonella typhus, clinical features of typhoid, lab diagnosis and investigations, widal test, treatment 3rd generation cephalosporins, prevention, immunization, complication, rose spots, transmission of typhoid, pathogenesis, etiology of typhoid fever, examination of typhoid, typhoid according to chugh medicine, images from google
Welcome to Secret Tantric, London’s finest VIP Massage agency. Since we first opened our doors, we have provided the ultimate erotic massage experience to innumerable clients, each one searching for the very best sensual massage in London. We come by this reputation honestly with a dynamic team of the city’s most beautiful masseuses.
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
Navigating the Health Insurance Market_ Understanding Trends and Options.pdfEnterprise Wired
From navigating policy options to staying informed about industry trends, this comprehensive guide explores everything you need to know about the health insurance market.
We understand the unique challenges pickleball players face and are committed to helping you stay healthy and active. In this presentation, we’ll explore the three most common pickleball injuries and provide strategies for prevention and treatment.
Struggling with intense fears that disrupt your life? At Renew Life Hypnosis, we offer specialized hypnosis to overcome fear. Phobias are exaggerated fears, often stemming from past traumas or learned behaviors. Hypnotherapy addresses these deep-seated fears by accessing the subconscious mind, helping you change your reactions to phobic triggers. Our expert therapists guide you into a state of deep relaxation, allowing you to transform your responses and reduce anxiety. Experience increased confidence and freedom from phobias with our personalized approach. Ready to live a fear-free life? Visit us at Renew Life Hypnosis..
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
6. Lumbar vertebral joints
The mobility of the vertebral column is provided by the symphyseal
joints between the vertebral bodies, formed by a layer of hyaline
cartilage on each vertebral body and an intervertebral disc between the
layers.
The synovial joints between the superior and inferior articular processes
on adjacent vertebrae are termed the facet joints (also known as
zygapophyseal joints or Z-joints). They permit simple gliding
movements. The movement of the lumbar spine is largely confined to
flexion and extension with a minor degree of rotation. The region
between the superior articular process and the lamina is the pars
interarticularis. A spondylolysis occurs if ossification of the pars
interarticularis fails to occur.
The 3-joint complex is formed between 2 lumbar vertebrae.
Joint 1: Disc between 2 vertebral bodies;
Joint 2: Left facet (zygapophyseal) joint;
Joint 3: Right facet (zygapophyseal) joint.
Lumbosacral articulation
7. Ligaments and fascia
Ligamentum flavum
Anterior longitudinal ligament
Posterior longitudinal ligament
Interspinous
Supraspinous ligament(only in upper lumbar
region)
Joint capsules
Iliolumbar ligaments
Thoracolumbar fascia
11. Iliolumbar ligaments
Consists of series of band, extends from tip and
border of L5 transverse processes
attach bilaterally on the iliac crest
3 primary bands
a) Dorsal band
b) Ventral band
c) Sacral band
12. Function
Strong and stabilize L5 vertebra
Resist flex, ext, axial rotation, and lateral bending
of L5 on S1
Maximally loaded at Lumbosacral
junction(absence of muscle protection against
flexion)
Low back pain – when sitting in a relaxed or
slouched posture.
13. Thoracolumbar fascia
Also known as lumbodorsal fascia
3 layers
a) Anterior
b) Middle
c) Posterior
Act as a stabilizing corset, increases spinal
stiffness, mechanical transmission of forces
between pelvis and trunk.
15. Kinematics
Flexion and extension sagittal plane
orientation of zygapophyseal facets
Upper lumbar region(most free lateral flexion
and rotation)
largest at L2, L3 level
Lower lumbar region –flex and ext
18. Motions
Rotation
Closes ipsilateral facet
Opens contralateral facet Motion limited by:
Motion limited by: – Facet orientation – Annulus fibrosus
1°-3°
Coupled with sidebend
Sidebend(lateral flexion)
Creates a “extension/flexion” of the facets on the same segment
Ipsilateral- close
Contralateral-open, Superior vertebra laterally tilts, rotates and
translates over vertebra below, Annulus fibrosus is compressed
on concavity of curve and stretched on convex side
2°-5°
Coupled with rotation
19. Coordinated and simultaneous activity of lumbar
flexion and anterior tilting of the pelvis in the sagittal
plane.
Lumbosacral flexion +anterior tilting of pelvis
21. Compression
Support the weight of upper part in static as well
as dynamics situations.
Large lumbar vertebrae –support additional
weight
Compressive load by muscular contraction
Interbody joint 80%load,zp facet 20%load
In ext ,more load on zpp joint
22. Shear
Anterior shear forces (in upright position) caused
by:
Lordotic position
Body weight
Ground reaction forces
Superior facets lie in the frontal plane and face
posteriorly.
24. Lumbosacral articulation (by 5th L and 1st
S) 1st sacral is inclines ant and inferiorly and forms
an angle horizontal called lumbosacral angle.
25. Muscles of lumbar spine
Anterior group
Posterior group
Lateral group
26. Posterior muscles
Thoracolumbar fascia
Superficial erector spinae (logissimus thoracic pars
thoracic, iliocoastalis lumborum pars
thoracic)=extension and assist in ipsilateral side
flexion.
Deep erector spinae (LTPL,ILPL)=ipsilateral side
flexion, posterior shear, rotation, assist in extension.
Multifidus (from dorsal sacrum and ilium to the
spinous processes of L)vertically
oriented,extension,control segmental shear and
torsion by producing compression.
27. Lateral muscles
Quadratus lumborum=act bilaterally ,frontal plane
stabilizer. Unilaterally , lateral flexion.
Hike the hip
Intertransversarii and rotators=rotation and lateral
flexion
28. Anterior muscles
Prime flexor =rectus abdominis
Abdominal wall=external oblique ,internal
oblique,transversus abdominis
Psoas majorand ilacus= primary hip flexor
Role of psoas major :anterior ilial rotation and
thus L extension,provide stability to L spine
during hip flexion by providing great amount of
Lumbar compression+ some anterior shear
forces.