Tujuan dari dilakukannya percobaan ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kadar COD dan KMnO4 pada perairan yang akan dibandingkan dengan baku mutu menurut peraturan pemerintah dan baku mutu lainnya.
percobaan tentang bagaimana melakukan kalibrasi alat terhadap peralatan volumetrik agar sesuai dengan rancangannya (peneraannya) karena nilai penyimpangan yang besar dapat mempengaruhi hasil analisis maka perlu dilakukan percobaan seperti ini.
percobaan tentang bagaimana melakukan kalibrasi alat terhadap peralatan volumetrik agar sesuai dengan rancangannya (peneraannya) karena nilai penyimpangan yang besar dapat mempengaruhi hasil analisis maka perlu dilakukan percobaan seperti ini.
Anilisis Kadar DO dan BOD Pada PerairanRajaYustisia
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Tujuan dari dilakukannya percobaan ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kadar DO dan BOD pada perairan yang akan dibandingkan dengan baku mutu menurut peraturan pemerintah dan baku mutu lainnya.
Anilisis Kadar DO dan BOD Pada PerairanRajaYustisia
Β
Tujuan dari dilakukannya percobaan ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kadar DO dan BOD pada perairan yang akan dibandingkan dengan baku mutu menurut peraturan pemerintah dan baku mutu lainnya.
Biochemical Process as a means to Control and Mitigate Industrial Wastewate...Mohammad Dain Shah Munna
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Biochemical Process as a means to Control and Mitigate Industrial Wastewater
Mohammad Dain Shah Munna
Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
University of Chittagong
Here is the presentation about my final year project. I, intentionally, did not put every information on the slide because I decided to mention it on my presentation speech. That's one of my way to keep the audience with me.
Low temperature nitrification_ningan_20MLDAmit Christian
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Low Temperature Biological nitrification of Municipal Wastewater Using Highly porous Activated carbon impregnated Levapor Carriers. A Single step process which allows for lower Total Nitrogen Removal due to Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification (SNDN) at very low Winter temperature
Study on Drinking Water Quality at Shirokhali Village in Kachua, BangladeshSifat Islam
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Bangladesh is a developing country with high density of population. But according to UNICEF (1991) about 25% of the population in the developing countries have no access to safe water. Ensuring the safety of drinking water is, therefore, a growing problem. This problem is mostly acute in the south-western part of Bangladesh because of salinity intrusion and arsenic contamination. Notwithstanding microbial dangers, the safety of drinking water in Bangladesh is also threatened by chemical contamination. Shirokhali, a village of Dhoakhali Union at Kachua upazilla, Bagerhat is selected as study area. The inhabitants of this village mainly use RWHs and tubewells water. Very few uses the pond and khal water for drinking purposes. There were 17 samples collected including 1khal, 1 government pond, 1 personal pond, 4 RWHs and 10 tubewells from different locations of the study area. Both Physicochemical analyses including pH, temperature, EC, TDS, salinity, hardness, Turbidity, DO, BOD, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, arsenic Cl-, HCO3-, SO42-, PO43-,NO3- etc. and microbial analyses including faecal coliforms, total coliforms and E.coli were performed. The analyses was done by following the standard methods. It is found in the result that, microbial contamination in the water E.coli contamination is low in the tubewells water but high in some RWH systems established there because of low treatment and lack of knowledge. There is also found total coliforms and faecal coliforms in tubewells water which exceeds WHO standards. After the observing the physico-chemical parameter there found high volume of salinity, turbidity and hardness, Cl-, and HCO3-.The result of correlation analysis of the water quality parameters represented that there is no negative relationship. But pH and SO43- has no significant correlation with other parameters.The physicochemical analysis also showed that the collected waters were not suitable for drinking. Arsenic test was done and all the tubewells were free from contamination. But according to the key informant information (DPHE) got that there were arsenic contamination in the area was tested in the year 2003. Proper management and knowledge can be helpful to enrich the existing water quality deterioration.
Limitations of the Study:-
While conducting this research I have faced some problems which might limit the research result. They are-
ο There were some problems with flame photometer and spectrophotometer reading. Sometimes the instruments provide unreliable reading. So, there may be some error with the result.
ο In the case of coliform test, contamination may have occurred for some samples by air.
ο Time and money are the most valuable limitations for this research. If there is suitable time and money for performing this research this will be a great work for further management.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
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Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
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Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
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Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Hanβs Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insiderβs LMA Course, this piece examines the courseβs effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
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Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
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This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
1. LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM LABORATORIUM LINGKUNGAN I
PENETAPAN COD DAN KMnO4 (PERMANGANAT)
(12 NOVEMBER 2020)
Kelompok 15
Muhammad Raja Yustisia Yudhiputra (082001900047)
Salsabila Syifa Nadiyah Khairunnisa (082001900061)
Dosen Pengampu
Dr. Ir. Diana Irvindiaty Hendrawan, Msi
Pramiati Purwaningrum, S.T,M.T
Asisten Labolatorium
Sharfina Nadhilah
JURUSAN TEKNIK LINGKUNGAN
FAKULTAS ARSITEKTUR LANSKAP DAN TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN
UNIVERSITAS TRISAKTI
JAKARTA
2020
2. Cara Kerja Sampling
Bilas botol sampler dengan aquades
Ukur kedalaman sungai dengan media botol
sampling
Ambil air sampel Β½ - 2/3 dari kedalaman
sungai
Bilas jerigen dengan air sampel
Tuang air sampel yang diambil kedalam
jerigen sampai penuh dan tutup agar tidak
ada udara pada air sampel
3. Cara Kerja Penetapan COD
Masukkan 2,5 mL air sampel ke dalam tabung
COD
Tambahkan 1,5 mL πΎ2πΆπ2π7 dan 3,5 mL
pereaksi asam sulfat
Masukkan tabung COD ke reaktor COD,
panaskan selama 2 jam dengan suhu 160Β° C.
Pindahkan larutan ke erlenmeyer dan tambahkan 1
tetes indikator ferroin. Larutan akan berubah
warna menjadi hijau kebiruan.
Titrasi dengan larutan FAS 0,01 N hingga berwarna
merah kecoklatan, lalu catat volume FAS yang digunakan,
ulangi langkah yang sama untuk larutan blanko.
4. Cara Kerja Penetapan
KMnO4(Permanganat)
Masukkan air sampel sebanyak 100mL ke
erlenmeyer 250 mL dan tambahkan 2-3 batu
didih kedalam larutan air sampel
Tambahkan 3 mL KMnO4 0,01 N dan 5 mL
π»2ππ4 8 N. Lalu panaskan erlenmeyer di atas
pemanas dan stopwatch selama 10 menit
Setelah larutan mendidih tambahkan larutan πΎπππ4
ketika warnanya berubah menjadi bening dan seterusnya
sampai waktu dalam stopwatch habis.
Tambahkan 10 mL π»2πΆ2π4 0,01 N. Lalu
lakukan titrasi dengan larutan πΎπππ4 N
hingga berwarna merah muda tetap,
Lalu Catat volume πΎπππ4 yang digunakan.
5. Perhitungan COD
Dik: L = 6 m A = L . h ο 6 . 2,9 = 17,4
h = 2,9 m Q = V . A ο 0,0350 . 17,4
V = 0,0350 = 0,609 π3
π
Dit: Kadar COD ?
JAWAB
V Sampel = 2,5 mL N FAS = 0,01 N
V Blanko = 15,5 mL V FAS = 12 mL
ππ π2
πΏ =
π΄ βπ΅ . π πΉπ΄π . 8 . 1000
ππΏ ππππππ
=
15,5 β 12 . 0,01 . 8 . 1000
2,5
= 112 ππ
πΏ
6. Perhitungan Kadar Permanganat
Dik: Vol saat titrasi (V2) = 9,5 mL Vol Sampel = 100 mL
Vol pendidihan (V1) = 2,4 mL Vol π»2πΆ2π4 = 10 mL
FP = 1 N πΎπππ4 & π»2πΆ2π4 = 0,01
Dit: Kadar permanganat ?
JAWAB
ππ πΎπππ4
πΏ =
π1+π2 πΎπππ4 . π πΎπππ4 + π π»2πΆ2π4 . π π»2πΆ2π4 . 31,6 . 1000 . πΉπ
ππΏ ππππππ
=
24+9,5 . 0,01 + 10 . 0,01 . 31,6 . 1000 . 1
100
= 137,46 mg/L
9. Baku Mutu
Parameter Satuan Kelas Keterangan
I II III IV
COD Mg/L 10 25 50 100 -
Baku mutu PP RI No. 82 Tahun 2001
Parameter Satuan Kelas Keterangan
I II III IV
COD Mg/L 10 25 50 100 -
Parameter Baku Mutu Satuan
COD 100 Mg/L
πΎπππ4 85 Mg/L
Baku mutu Pergub DKI Jakarta No. 69 Tahun 2013
10. Pembahasan
Parameter Satuan Hasil
Percobaan
Baku Mutu PP
No. 82 Tahun
2001
Baku Mutu
Pergub DKI No.
69 Tahun 2013
COD Mg/L 112 100 100
πΎπππ4 Mg/L 137,46 - 85
Perbandingan hasil percobaan dengan baku mutu PP No. 82 Tahun 2001
dan baku mutu Pergub DKI No. 69 Tahun 2013 dengan parameter COD dan
satuan mg/L
11. Pembahasan COD
Perbandingan dari hasil perhitungan dengan baku mutu menurut PP RI
no. 82 Tahun 2001, melebihi atau tidak memenuhi baku mutu COD dalam
perairan kelas I, II,III dan IV yaitu sebesar 112 mg/L. Dalam baku mutu menurut
PP 82 Tahun 2001 sebesar 10 , 25, 50, 100 mg/L untuk kelas I, II, III, dan IV, yang
merupakan batas minimun COD dalam suatu perairan.
COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) atau kebutuhan oksigen kimia
merupakan jumlah oksigen yang dibutuhkan untuk mengoksidasi zat-zat organik
yang ada dalam sampel air atau banyaknya oksigen yang dibutuhkan untuk
mengoksidasi zat-zat organik menjadi CO2 & H2O. Tetapi jika Chemical Oxygen
Demand dalam sautu perairan melebihi atau tidak memenuhi baku mutu standar
COD akan mengakibatkanya dampak negatif pada perairan. Dampak COD yaitu :
β’ Dampak COD terhadap Kesehatan Manusia
Akibat dari konsentrasi COD yang tinggi dalam badan air menunjukkan
bahwa adanya pencemar organik dalam jumlah tinggi jumlah
mikroorganisme baik secara patogen dan tidak patogen yang dapat
menimbulkan berbagai macam penyakit untuk manusia.
β’ Dampak COD terhadap Lingkungan
Konsentarasi COD yang tinggi dapat menyebabkan kandungan oksigen
terlarut didalam badan air menjadi rendah bahkan habis. Faktor ini dapat
mengakibatkan oksigen sebagai sumber kehidupan bagi makhluk yang
berada dialam air, sehingga makhluk air tersebut bisa terancam mati dan
tidak dapat berkembang biak dengan baik.
12. Pembahasan πΎπππ4
Perbandingan dari hasil perhitungan dengan baku mutu menurut
Pergub DKI Jakarta No, 69 Tahun 2013, melebihi atau tidak memenuhi baku
mutu KMnO4 dalam perairan yaitu sebesar 137,46 mg/L. Dalam baku mutu
menurut Pergub DKI Jakarta No. 69 Tahun 2013 sebesar 85 mg/L yang
merupakan batas minimun KMnO4 dalam suatu perairan.
Penentuan bilangan permanganat ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui
kandungan zat organik dalam air. Bilangan permanganat menunjukkan
jumlah mg/L KMnO4 yang diperlukan untuk mengoksidasi zat organik dalam
1 liter air dalam suasana asam dan pemansan.Semakin tinggi bilangan
permanganat, maka makin tinggi kandungan zat organiknya.. Tetapi jika
KMnO4 dalam suatu perairan melebihi atau tidak memenuhi baku mutu
standar KMnO4 akan mengakibatkan dampak negatif pada perairan. Dampak
KMnO4 yaitu :
β’ Sifat ion permanganat dapat dengan mudah bereaksi dengan zat-zat
organik yang ada di perairan dan dapat mengancam makhluk hidup
perairan yang membutuhkan oksigen.
β’ Air yang mengandung ion permanganat yang melebihi batas ketetapan
dikonsumsi akan merusak organ seperti ginjal, hati, kulit, maupun sistem
saraf pusat.
β’ Dapat memberikan efek toksik pada manusia karena debu KMnO4 sangat
beracun, dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada paru-paru dan sistem
pernafasan pada bagian atas.