Almond oil is extracted from sweet almonds through expression. Sweet almonds come from Prunus amygdalus and do not contain toxic chemicals, unlike bitter almonds. Almond oil is pale yellow with a nutty taste and slight odor. It is composed primarily of oleic acid. Almond oil is used in cosmetics, as a laxative when taken internally, as a vehicle for oily injections, and as a flavoring agent. It has emollient properties.
Title: Almond Oil- Mandel- Badam
• Description: In this video the viewers will come to know about ALMOND OIL that is one of the Lipid containing crude drugs obtained from the various plant sources. Almond oil is a fixed oil obtained by expression from the seeds of Prunus amygdalus (Rosaceae) var. dulcis (sweet almonds) or P. amygdalus var. amara (bitter almonds). This drug becomes important since it is obtained from nut source. Here the synonyms, biological sources (scientific names & Family), geographical sources (what are the countries where it can be collected), chemical constituents, identification tests and uses has been discussed in brief.
Portion explained:
1. Synonyms of Almond oil
2. Biological Sources of ALMOND OIL
3. Geographical Sources of ALMOND OIL
4. Preparation of ALMOND OIL
5. Description of ALMOND OIL
6. Chemical Constituents of Almond oil
7. Chemical Test of ALMOND OIL
8. Uses of Almond oil
Enzymes are protentious substances that catalyze or increase the rate of chemical reactions in a living organism.
It acts as a catalyst for specific reactions and converts the specific substrate into a specific product.
The biological processes that occur within all living organisms are chemical reactions, and most are regulated by enzymes.
Without enzymes, many of these reactions would not take place.
They are practically inactive at 0°C and beyond 65°C get denatured.
Crude drugs which contain enzymes are Papaya, Diastase, Yeast.
Factor like pH of the medium direct affects their action.
Title: Almond Oil- Mandel- Badam
• Description: In this video the viewers will come to know about ALMOND OIL that is one of the Lipid containing crude drugs obtained from the various plant sources. Almond oil is a fixed oil obtained by expression from the seeds of Prunus amygdalus (Rosaceae) var. dulcis (sweet almonds) or P. amygdalus var. amara (bitter almonds). This drug becomes important since it is obtained from nut source. Here the synonyms, biological sources (scientific names & Family), geographical sources (what are the countries where it can be collected), chemical constituents, identification tests and uses has been discussed in brief.
Portion explained:
1. Synonyms of Almond oil
2. Biological Sources of ALMOND OIL
3. Geographical Sources of ALMOND OIL
4. Preparation of ALMOND OIL
5. Description of ALMOND OIL
6. Chemical Constituents of Almond oil
7. Chemical Test of ALMOND OIL
8. Uses of Almond oil
Enzymes are protentious substances that catalyze or increase the rate of chemical reactions in a living organism.
It acts as a catalyst for specific reactions and converts the specific substrate into a specific product.
The biological processes that occur within all living organisms are chemical reactions, and most are regulated by enzymes.
Without enzymes, many of these reactions would not take place.
They are practically inactive at 0°C and beyond 65°C get denatured.
Crude drugs which contain enzymes are Papaya, Diastase, Yeast.
Factor like pH of the medium direct affects their action.
Any substance which is made from natural or synthetic material or a combination of both used for creating pleasant odour or removed the undesired smell is known as perfumes.
The flavoring agents are the agents which are used to mask the unpleasant taste.
Drugs used for this purpose are Peppermint Oil, Lemon Oil, Orange Oil, Lemongrass Oil, Sandalwood.
Laxatives are drugs that relieve constipation by losing stools or inducing a bowel movement.
Some laxatives are also used before bowel procedures or examination.
Laxatives come as pills, capsules, liquids, foods, gums, and suppositories.
Drugs are Aloe, Rhubarb, Castor oil, Isabgol, Senna.
Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum. They are native to the Maluku Islands in Indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice. Cloves are commercially harvested primarily in Indonesia, India, Madagascar, Zanzibar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Tanzania.
Cardiotonic are the drugs that give strength or energy to the activity of the heart. Cardiotonic increases the force of contraction of cardiac muscle and stimulates the overall activity of the heart. The drugs which are used as Cardiotonics are
Digitalis and Arjuna.
: In this video the viewers will come to know about Coconut Oil that is one of the Lipid containing crude drugs obtained from the plant sources Coconut oil is the oil expressed from the dried solid part of endosperm of coconut, Cocos nucifera L., belonging to family Palmae. This drug becomes important since it is obtained from fruit source. Here the synonyms, biological sources (scientific names & Family), geographical sources (what are the countries where it can be collected), chemical constituents, identification tests and uses has been discussed in brief.
Portion explained:
1. Synonyms of Coconut Oil
2. Biological Sources of Coconut Oil
3. Geographical Sources of Coconut Oil
4. Preparation of Coconut Oil
5. Description of Coconut Oil
6. Chemical Constituents of Coconut Oil
7. Chemical Test of Coconut Oil
8. Uses of Coconut Oil
Almonds, known as PrunusAmygdus are emollient and deciduous tree. Almonds are native to the Middle East, Indian subcontinent, Southwest Asia, and North Africa, and generally grow in a hot climate. The oil has a number of beneficial properties and nutrients making it a perfect cosmetic ingredient.
Any substance which is made from natural or synthetic material or a combination of both used for creating pleasant odour or removed the undesired smell is known as perfumes.
The flavoring agents are the agents which are used to mask the unpleasant taste.
Drugs used for this purpose are Peppermint Oil, Lemon Oil, Orange Oil, Lemongrass Oil, Sandalwood.
Laxatives are drugs that relieve constipation by losing stools or inducing a bowel movement.
Some laxatives are also used before bowel procedures or examination.
Laxatives come as pills, capsules, liquids, foods, gums, and suppositories.
Drugs are Aloe, Rhubarb, Castor oil, Isabgol, Senna.
Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum. They are native to the Maluku Islands in Indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice. Cloves are commercially harvested primarily in Indonesia, India, Madagascar, Zanzibar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Tanzania.
Cardiotonic are the drugs that give strength or energy to the activity of the heart. Cardiotonic increases the force of contraction of cardiac muscle and stimulates the overall activity of the heart. The drugs which are used as Cardiotonics are
Digitalis and Arjuna.
: In this video the viewers will come to know about Coconut Oil that is one of the Lipid containing crude drugs obtained from the plant sources Coconut oil is the oil expressed from the dried solid part of endosperm of coconut, Cocos nucifera L., belonging to family Palmae. This drug becomes important since it is obtained from fruit source. Here the synonyms, biological sources (scientific names & Family), geographical sources (what are the countries where it can be collected), chemical constituents, identification tests and uses has been discussed in brief.
Portion explained:
1. Synonyms of Coconut Oil
2. Biological Sources of Coconut Oil
3. Geographical Sources of Coconut Oil
4. Preparation of Coconut Oil
5. Description of Coconut Oil
6. Chemical Constituents of Coconut Oil
7. Chemical Test of Coconut Oil
8. Uses of Coconut Oil
Almonds, known as PrunusAmygdus are emollient and deciduous tree. Almonds are native to the Middle East, Indian subcontinent, Southwest Asia, and North Africa, and generally grow in a hot climate. The oil has a number of beneficial properties and nutrients making it a perfect cosmetic ingredient.
Major vegetable oils through out world Mr Allah Dad Khan Former Director Gene...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Major vegetable oils through out world By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former Director General Agriculture Extension Khyber Pakhtun Khwa Province , VP Agriculture University Peshawar
HERBAL COSMETICS UNIT 2, PCG, MPHARM NOTES
Commonly used herbal cosmetics, raw materials, preservatives, surfactants, humectants, oils, colors, and some functional herbs, preformulation studies, compatibility studies, possible interactions between chemicals and herbs, design of herbal cosmetic formulation.
The all the content in this profile is completed by the teachers, students as well as other health care peoples.
thank you, all the respected peoples, for giving the information to complete this presentation.
this information is free to use by anyone.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
4. BOTANICAL ORIGIN:
Prunus amygdalus
FAMILY:
Rosaceae
COMMON NAME: Almond milk , almond oil ,
amygdale amara , amygdalin , bitermandel , bitter
almond , oil of almonds , volatile almond oil
Prunus: classic name of plum tree
Amygdalus: almond tree (Greek word)
5. HABITAT:
The tree is native to Asia ,Iran and
Syria and is cultivated and
naturalized in all tropical and warm
temperate region.
Commercial products are obtained
mostly from Sicily, southern Italy,
southern France ,northern Africa and
California .
6. The sweet almond is mentioned early in old testament
as one of the fruits Israel commanded his sons to carry
from Palestine as a gift to Egypt
Theophrastus makes several references to the almond
Charlemagne introduce the tree on imperial farms and
in fourteenth century almond was an important item in
Venetian trade
7. Almonds are a familiar type of nut.
They can be sweet or bitter, depending on the
type of tree.
Sweet almond (Prunus amygdalus var. dulcis)
and does not contain poisonous chemicals.
The sweet almond is 2-3 cm in length.
Rounded at one end and pointed at the other.
Bitter almond from (Prunus amygdalus var.
amara) and contain toxic chemicals.The bitter
almond is 1.5-2 cm in length but of similar
breadth to the sweet almond.
9. CONSTITUENT OF BITTER ALMOND OIL
2.5-4% colorless,
crystalline, cyanogenetic
glycoside amygdalin
Benz aldehyde
21% hydrocyanic acid
10. Both bitter and sweet almonds are expressed for
their fixed oil (45-50%) by expression from the
kernels of varieties of P.amygdalus.
Bitter almonds after maceration to permit hydrolysis
of amygdalin, also yield Essential or volatile oil that
is used as flavoring agent .
Oil is pale yellow liquid with a slight odor &
bland, nutty taste.
11. Almond oil is obtained by grinding the seeds and expressing
them in canvas bags between slightly heated iron plates .
They are sometimes blanched before grinding.
It contains a considerable amount of olein ,with
smaller quantities of the glycosides of linoleic and other
acids.
The Benz aldehyde and hydrocyanic acid are
separated by steam distillation.
12.
13. Used In The Preparation Of Many
Toilet Articles
Used As Ingredient In Cosmetic
When Taken Internally, It Has
Mild Laxative Action
14. As A Vehicle For Oily Injections
Used As Flavoring Agent
Used As Emollient