This document discusses agricultural biodiversity and food security. It defines food security as reliable access to affordable, nutritious food for all individuals. Originally food security applied to nations, but now emphasizes individuals over nations. Household food security means all members have enough food for a healthy life. The document also discusses the loss of agricultural biodiversity as indigenous crops and livestock are replaced by few high-yield varieties, threatening food security. It argues for supporting farmers' conservation of biodiversity and redesigning policies to ensure continued access to genetic resources.

2. management of the
interactions
between crops and
domestic animals
their associated
biodiversity and the
environment

3. Genetic
resources
Components
of BioDiversity
Abiotic Factors Socio Economic

7. "the state of being without reliable access to a sufficient
quantity of affordable & nutritious food. “

8. Originally, food security was understood to apply at
the national level, 1974
new definition emerged at 1996 this time emphasis on
individuals rather than the nation
Household food security exists when all members, at all times, have
access to enough food for an active, healthy life.

11. the right of each nation to maintain and develop its own capacity to
produce basic foods respecting cultural and productive diversity
based on
6 principls
Focuses on
Food for
People
Values
Food
Providers
Localizes
Food
Systems
Makes
Decisions
Locally
Builds
Knowledge
and Skills
Works
with
Nature

12. ABD Management
• Increasing investment on agricultural research and
development
• Increased staple food crop production
• Improved soil fertility and conserving soil by
a) minimising tillage
b) enhancing and maintaining organic cover
c) controlling salinity, heat and drought
• Increased efficiency of water and fertilizer use
• Integrated management of pests, diseases and
weeds

14. • Expanding social and safety interventions
• International and regional market value
strategies
• Improving policy support for food security
• Research and education

16. A short scenario of agro-biodiversity loss
• In the past few decades, the replacement of indigenous
varieties of crops, fruits, vegetables by high-yield crop
varieties has depleted agro-biodiversity.
• Indigenous varieties and livestock species have lost their
significance due to intensification of farming and
separation of local communities.
• The well adapted old cultivars have been replaced by few
genetically modified varieties and breeds.
• New species are ranked second in threatening the
agrobiodiversity.

17. •Mesquite plants have made cultivated lands vulnerable to
cultivation while others eucalyptus and parthenium by
releasing allelopathic chemicals retard seed germination and
plant growth.
•Agriculture intensification has reduced crop diversity to few
varieties in Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan.
•Buck wheat was grown on wide scale earlier but now it is
rarely seen in the fields of the region because farmers are
keen to grow potatoes and high-yielding wheat varieties.

18.  Agro-biodiversity has a major role in providing food and promoting food
security for the future. So its importance can not be over emphasized.
 Support to farmers should not be provided as charity but as a means of
meeting the survival needs of humankind today and in future.
 The government should be given subsidy to encourage the farmers to
grow old, neglected and underutilized crop species.
 The government should redesign policies and take serious efforts for the
conservation of agro biodiversity in the country.
 Continued access to genetic resources and conservation and development
of agricultural biodiversity are essential components in the fight for food
sovereignty

19.  The other aspect is to ensure the continued availability of
biodiversity for present and future generations. This
cannot be ensured by proprietary ownership of few
people or institutions who are motivated by profit .
 For this purpose,the involvement and participation of all
communities is essential so that this diversity can be
protected from every aspect.

20. IN WHAT FUTURE WE WILL BE LIVING?
WITH
OR WITH

21. We do not inherit earth from our ancestors, we have just borrowed
it from our children - Native American Proverb.