Disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation both aim to reduce vulnerability to hazards. They emphasize working at the community level and view development as key. While they have similarities, they also have differences in terms of actors, language, and levels of intervention. There is a need for more integrated and coordinated approaches between disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation strategies and frameworks.

1. Linking CCA and DRR
Markos 1

2.  Introduction
 Similarities of DRR and CCA
 Differences of DRR and CCA
 Need to collaboration
Markos 2

3.  Global environmental change and natural hazards
not beyond our control, nor are their impacts
 Sustainable development necessary to reduce
vulnerability – development not always
sustainable
 Responding to climate change requires
understanding how to manage risk: lessons from
disaster risk reduction community (practitioners,
experts)
 Uncertainty about future change is not a limitation
– most risk is caused by our exposure and
sensitivity to a hazard, not the hazard itself
Markos 3

4.  Mitigation: Measures aimed at reducing the level
of emission of carbon substances into the
atmosphere
Markos 4

5.  Process of adjusting to
a changing climate,
through explicit and
planned interventions,
or spontaneously as a
consequence of
inherent flexibility
Markos 5

6.  Interventions, approaches and policy frameworks to
avoid or minimise hazard impacts on societies and
environment, focusing on reducing vulnerability to
hazards
 Expanded beyond ‘risk management’ to incorporate
lessons into planning: focus on reducing risk, rather
than only on reconstructing the previous conditions
(‘disaster accumulation’)
Markos 6

7.  Disaster risk reduction: The broad development
and application of policies, strategies and
practices to minimize vulnerabilities and disaster
risks throughout society, through prevention,
mitigation and preparedness.
Markos 7

8. Similarities
 CCA is about reducing vulnerability to climate
hazards; DRR is about reducing vulnerability
to all hazards.
Note: Both emphasis on vulnerability reduction
 Both are long-term processes and are not
‘quick-fix’ approaches
Markos 8

9.  Development lies at the heart of both DRR and
CCA
 Both approaches have a strong emphasis of
working at community level to build resilience
Markos 9

10.  Different actors and lack of communication
 Adaptation can be a response to positive
changes; DRR always a response to negative
events
 DRR local issue, whereas climate change is
a regional and global issue. This implies
differences in levels of intervention,
responsibility, impact and relevance
Markos 10

11.  Climate change seen as abstract, disasters
seen as real. Most people cannot
conceptualise climate change, but have
experienced or witnessed at least one
disaster
 Uncertainty in climate change impacts
makes understanding it difficult;
imagining a disaster is easier
Markos 11

12.  Difference between emergency
operations and long-term outlook of
adaptation: role of humanitarian relief in
disaster operations not consistent with
risk and vulnerability reduction
approach, nor with long-term outlook of
adaptation
 Disaster risk reduction uses less
‘technical’ language than climate change
science and policy.
Markos 12

13.  DRR tackles the risks of geophysical hazards
(like volcanoes and earthquakes), whereas
adaptation does not.
 Adaptation also considers the long-term
adjustment to changes in mean climatic
condition, including the opportunities that this
can provide, whereas DRR is predominantly
interested in extremes.
Markos 13

14. Markos 14

15. Markos 15

16. Markos 16

17. Markos 17

18.  CCA strategies aim to reduce vulnerability to
expected impacts of climate change.
 The concept of CCA is broad
 CCA strategies exist across local and global
scales, from community level responses
through to local, national and international
government interventions.
Markos 18

19.  community level strategies
 improvements to agricultural systems such as crop
diversification or the introduction of hazard resistant
crop varieties
 risk assessments and associated plans
 the protection of natural resources
 early warning systems
 education and awareness measures and protection
of water resources
Markos 19

20.  At the national
 level for least developed countries, some
countries have developed National Adaptation
 Programmes of Action (NAPAs). NAPAs
identify areas in which adaptation strategies
are
 essential in mitigating against adverse climate
change effects.
Markos 20

21.  DRR and CCA need more integrated approach
 The institutional frameworks, political
processes, funding mechanisms, information
exchange and practitioner communities have
developed independently and remain largely
separate to date.
Markos 21

22.  There is no systematic integration of
disaster risk management and climate
change adaptation
 Government departments responsible for
poverty and DRR are in some cases aware
of vulnerability to extreme climate events,
but have no means of co-ordination
Markos 22

23.  Confusion over similarities and differences
 Concern over different approaches
 Lack of clarity regarding how integration is
achieved
Markos 23

24. Markos 24