This document discusses different types of swimming pool finishes and construction processes. It describes open and skimmer overflow types of pools. It also summarizes the construction process, including layout, excavation, compaction, concrete laying, and brick wall installation. Pool finishes discussed include plaster, aggregate, quartz, and tile finishes. Plaster is one of the oldest and cheapest options but can degrade over time.

1. ADVANCED
SERVICES

2. SWIMMING POOL
&
TANK DESIGN
PATIO
FINISHES
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SWIMMING POOL

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5. TYPE OF OVERFLOW OF SWIMMING POOL
◦ Open overflow type swimming pool
◦ In this type of swimming pool, filtered water enter from the bottom either floor or wall and after complete filling it
over flow into a channel called overflow channel which is constructed along with the pool periphery at deck level
and from the channel the water goes to the balancing tank and from balancing tank it goes to filter through
recirculation pump set and from filter it comes again into the pool room the bottom.
◦ Skimmer overflow type swimming pool
◦ This type of system called economical because this system does not required any overflow channel and balancing
tank. In that way lot of saving can be achieved. In this system filtered water inlets fitted at one side pool's wall at
approx. middle height and skimmer is fitted at top upon the opposite wall of inlet side. Water recycled back through
skimmer and main drain, which are connected directly to the pump and from pump it goes to the filter and after
filtration it comes to the pool through return inlets. In this system there is always a free-board of 100-150 mm and
layer of dust particles, small grass deposited with the wall with water line.

6. PROCESS OF
CONSTRUCTION
IN BRIEF
◦ Layout of complete pool area.
◦ Excavation by Machine or man power up to the required depth.
◦ Compaction of excavated area and levelling according to the depth considering
construction margin.
◦ Enclosing the area of raft and lean concrete area of the pool with brick work to facilitate
in layout of swimming pool floor as well as swimming pool wall.
◦ Laying of lean concrete upon the excavated and properly rammed soil.
◦ Laying of M.S. tore steel reinforcement as per the structural design for floor as well as
wall.
◦ Laying of raft concrete upon the lean concrete and bottom face of steel reinforcement.
◦ Providing of 115mm thick brick wall for shuttering purpose up to the required height

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POOL CONSTRUCTION
PROCESS:

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10. SHAPES OF SWIMMING POOL

11. ◦PARTS OF SWIMMING POOL:-

12. SHAPE, SLOPE AND DESIGN
Decks shall slope away from the pool to perimeter deck
drains to prevent debris from being washed into the gutter
return system.
◦ Decks may not slope more than a ratio of 1:24.
◦ Pool bottoms may not slope more than a ratio of 1:8,
unless the edge of a steeper slope is clearly marked by
a floating safety line or permanent barrier.
◦ Pool sides shall be vertical:
◦ To a water depth of at least six feet. or
◦ For a distance of 2.5 feet below the water level, below
which the wall shall be curved to the bottom with a
radius not to exceed:
• The deck shall be at least six and one-half feet
wide. Where diving boards are located, the deck shall be at least
13 feet wide.
• The ratio of the area of pool deck to the surface of the pool water
shall be at least 1: 1.
• The dimension in the diving area of a pool shall conform to Table
C of this subsection

13. DECK AND WALKWAY DESIGN
◦ Pools must have sufficient room surrounding them, designed and maintained in a manner to allow for patrons, including those with
disabilities, to pass safely and allow for staff and emergency workers access to all areas of the pool. There should be sufficient
room for an ambulance gurney to pass easily.
◦ Guideline:
◦ A continuous apron or walkway should extend completely around the pool and provide:
(a) A minimum walkway width of 1.22 m (4 ft) beyond the edge of the pool:
◦ internal pool walls or walls that divide pools into one or more sections that are not intended for walking on may be allowed to be
less than 1.22 m (4 ft) wide (signage should be placed indicating ‘no bather access’, as appropriate). Consideration should be
given to capping such dividing walls with such a finish that discourages patrons form standing or walking on these surfaces (i.e.
decorative rocks).
◦ where the pool incorporates features adjacent to the pool (slides, columns, play features) that obstruct access to the pool at that
point, 1.22 m (4 ft) wide deck should extend around such obstruction, provided adequate emergency access can be attained.

14. In addition, all
continuous
aprons or
walkways
should:
(a) Be made of durable material which:
◦ is impervious to moisture;
◦ Is designed to minimize bacterial growth; and
◦ Allows for thorough cleaning; and
(b) Retain a texture which is non-slip (slip-resistant) and causes no
discomfort to bare ft; and
(c) Be designed to:
◦ Slope to drain with a minimum uniform slope of 2 per cent and a
maximum slope of 4 per cent, except for wheelchair (accessible)
ramps;
◦ Be free of tripping hazards such as uneven surfaces or changes in
elevation; and
◦ Be free from physical hazards that could cause injury to bare ft.

15. ◦ Drainage away from the pool edge in a manner that will not create
muddy, hazardous or objectionable conditions with the pool enclosure
and will facilitate washing and drainage without obstructions to
the drains
◦ when required, drains, that are at least 10 cm (4 in) across (or
perimeter trench drains) and covered with a grating where openings do
not cause toe entrapment (approx. 8mm (3/8 in));
◦ Drains and covers should be designed and installed to present no
sharp edges that could harm bare wet ft;
◦ Drains spaced at not more than 7.62 m (25 ft) so that no more than
37.2 m2 (400 sq ft) of apron area is tributary to any one drain;
◦ Drainage systems that are designed in accordance with good
engineering practice and the B.C. Building Code (current edition); and
◦ for decorative features that may be used to direct ft traffic in a manner
that does not interfere with deck drainage or impede emergency
access a large volume of water.
In addition, all
continuous
aprons or
walkways
should:

16. Further consideration
may be given to:
◦ Wheelchair access to pool and change facilities;
◦ Storage space for mobility aids near pool entrance (i.e. areas where
walkers, canes and wheelchairs can be stored without creating a trip
hazard for others while those who own them are in the pool;
◦ Seating areas along stretches of walkways for those who may easily
tire when walking long distances; and
◦ Limiting the use of contrasting colours or textures to the edges of stairs,
ledges, drop offs, etc. Use of contrasts may pose challenges for those
with impaired cognition or limited vision

17. ELECTRICAL
◦ Lighting fixtures shall illuminate all parts of the pool enclosure and the water in the pool.
◦ The lighting intensity measured at a point 30 inches above the pool deck shall be at least 50 foot-candles.
◦ If underwater lighting of at least 100 lamp lumens/square foot is provided, the minimum intensity of the overhead
lighting may be reduced to 30 foot-candles.
◦ Arrangement and design of lighting fixtures shall permit lifeguards to clearly see all pool waters, walkways,
springboards, and other fixtures.
◦ Pool wiring on the deck, or where exposed to water, shall be of the ground fault interrupter type.

18. POOL
FILTRATION
 Swimming pool filtration is the very important part of the pool water treatment.
 Appropriate size of pressure sand filter or dual media filter in the recirculation loop
keeps pool water sparkling clean.
 By maintaining pH one can add a very small quantum of coagulant like alum to quickly
and effectively improve the pool clarity. If the system is integrated with ozone it can also
act like micro-flocculent which can coagulate the colloidal and gets fitted in pool filters.
 Swimming pool filters are a significant part of a pool circulation system and can be
sized as per use and application to make sure the water quality remains uniformly
crystal clear.
 Depending upon site condition and usage filtration of 8 – 12 hrs. For private pools and
16 – 24 hrs. A public pool is considered adequate.

19. SWIMMING POOL - FINISHES
• Finishes are used in the final part of the construction or manufacturing process, forming the final surface of an element. They can
protect the element they finish from impact, water, frost, corrosion, abrasion, and so on, and/or they can be decorative.
• Swimming pool gets exposed to a lot of water, chlorine, and general wear and tear over the years. At its basic, a swimming pool is
a hole in the ground with water fixtures and a pool finish. The swimming pool finish prevents water from seeping into the ground
through the concrete shell because concrete is porous.
• The interior finish of a pool can elevate the pool’s design to a whole new level of style and grace
• Pool finishes can be broadly divided into four types, they are
• Plaster
• Aggregate
• Quartz
• Tile finishes

20. • One of the oldest and cheapest options is a
plaster finish since the 1960s.
• To make the water look appealing, you even see
plaster dyed as a bright blue colour.
• It’s among the cheapest options.
• Plaster is also porous like concrete, so over time,
you’ll begin to notice some flaws.
• The first 28 days after a finish is applied, you
should notice the majority of issues that might
occur. The plaster and gunite mixture begins
reacting chemically with the water.
• Of course, this is true for a basic plaster finish;
modern manufacturers have introduced
chemicals called pozzolans that mitigate some of
the problems with plaster.
• Calcium hydroxide, the main component of
plaster, is the weakest link in the compound and
what usually causes plaster to degrade and
separate from the pool shell. Pozzolans introduce
silicon, which makes the plaster mixture less
chemically active.
POOL PLASTER
FINISH
BROWN DYE

21. • An exposed aggregate finish combines
elements of plaster finishes with standard
aggregate.
• Where standard aggregate finishes use
concrete as the main component, this type
embeds pebbles directly into the plaster,
giving it a far rougher texture.
• An exposed aggregate finish is more
durable than plain plaster but not as
durable as a polished aggregate.
EXPOSED AGGREGATE
FINISH

22. • An aggregate pool finish represents the next level of
luxury after a plaster finish. As the name implies, it
consists of an aggregate of materials, usually ground
and sanded river pebbles. They are crushed and
mixed into concrete.
• River pebbles create a nice-looking pattern that
plaster just can’t replicate.
• The elements of the finish are coated in ceramic to
increase durability and smooth it out.
• Aggregate finish, when combined with chemical
dyes, can create a striking range of colors that rival
plaster.
• Pool remodelers apply the finish by sandblasting the
old finish away, reapplying the gunite coating to your
pool shell as necessary, pouring the concrete/pebble
mixture into place, then smoothing it out to create an
even coating all the way around the pool interior.
• The problem with polished aggregate, especially if
you also use it for the pool deck, is that it needs to be
resealed more often that you would need to replace
plaster.
• Aggregate finishes are also called pebble finishes.
POLISHED
AGGREGATE

23. • Tile is applied differently than the other two types of finishes.
Rather than pouring in a mixture and smoothing it over, this type
of finish consists of a collection of hand-applied tiles that can
create attractive mosaic patterns or dazzling displays of color.
• As you might expect, tile takes the longest to install, so you
might want to set aside a couple of weeks during which you
don’t expect to use the pool to complete the remodeling
process.
• Four basic types of tile:
1.Ceramic
2.Quartz
• Each of these types is made of different materials and can
achieve a different look for your pool. Smaller tile sizes let you
create an image with more resolution, so to speak. The most
common are 1-inch, 2-inch, 3-inch, and 6-inch squares.
TILE POOL FINISH
Quartz pool finish
Stone pool finish
Ceramic pool finish
Glass pool finish
3.Stone
4.Glass

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PATIO SWIMMING POOL

25. Measurements of a patio
◦ Most people need between 600 and 900 square ft. of patio
around a pool. That's enough room for a table and chair set,
some chaise lounges, and a comfortable walking space around
the perimeter of the pool. Consolidate most of the patio in 1 or 2
areas, rather than distributing it evenly around the pool.
◦ A conversation area for 3 to 6 people requires a 10'x10' space.
◦ A dining area for four people should be at least 10'x10'
◦ A dining area for six to eight people should be at least 12'x12'
◦ A chase lounge requires an area 4'x7', but figure 7'x7' for two.
◦ You want a minimum of 30" between any patio furniture and the
pools edge.
◦ Pathways and other traffic areas should be a minimum of 3'
wide at all points.
◦ Two chairs and a small table require a 6'x6' area.
◦ A grill and small side table need a minimum of 6'x6’.
• 6' feet of space are needed between the base of a set of
steps and the water's edge of the pool.
• An average hot tub requires a 10'x10' space.
• A fire pit needs 30"–36" of open space between the pit and
furniture or seating area.
• A slide requires a minimum area of 7'x15' beside the pool.
• Diving boards require a minimum area of 8' long by 6' wide on
the end of the pool.
• Allow at least 24"–30" of space between any water feature
and the edge of the patio.
• An outdoor shower needs an area at least 5'x5'.
• The average pool deck is approximately 600–900 square feet,
but many are much larger

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a bistro patio design is ideal for pool areas
with limited space, it also works well in larger environs.
TYPES OF FEATURED POOL PATIO DESIGNS

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PATIO MATERIALS

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30. CONSTRUCTION OF CONCRETE PATIO
◦ A concrete slab patio is hard to beat. It's flat and smooth, so it's suitable for all sorts of furniture and outdoor activities. It's
easy to keep clean and it is much harder compared to other materials.
◦ STEPS TO CONSTRUCT
1. Set Up the Guide Strings
2. Square the String Layout
3. Slope the Strings
4. Excavate the Patio Area
5. Install the Gravel Base
6. Build the Concrete Form
7. Secure the Form
8. Pour the Concrete
9. Screed the Concrete
10. Finish the Concrete
11. Add a Broom Finish (Optional)
12. Cover and Cure the Patio Slab

31. THANKYOU
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