Grade 10 Lesson

1. TEXTUAL AIDS or text
features are visual elements
on a page such as titles,
bold or italic prints, charts,
diagrams, maps and tables,
written texts, prints and
some other way of writing
for an important word to
stand out from the other.

2. • These make the readers
memorize, remember, and learn
important words more quickly
and easily.
• These are helpful in previewing
the text as they focus the reader's
attention on some important
parts. Also, text features give the
reader additional information to
support what is stated in the text.

3. Forms/
Examples of
Textual Aids:

4. 1. Title
• A selection’s title gives a gist
or summary of a story.
Using words, phrases or
short sentences, it tells
what the material is all
about. Upon glancing at a
title, the reader gets a bird’s
eye view and a hint of what
the text is all about.

5. 2. Subtitles
• Subtitles are also examples of
textual aids. These are secondary
titles inserted between paragraphs
indicating the main ideas in each
part of a reading material. These
are useful in scanning a text as
readers have a guide on where to
locate a specific information in the
text.

6. 3. Pictures and Illustrations
• Though concepts and ideas
are often presented in words,
it will be a lot easier to
understand them with
pictures and illustrations at
hand. These aids in
visualizing and projecting the
ideas written in words.

7. 4. Font Styles and Typography
• Important words are
sometimes written in bold to
catch the attention of the
reader. Italicized words are
used to suggest meanings,
synonyms, footnotes and many
others depending on the style
of the writer which he believes
would make the words more
visible and easy to remember.

8. 5. Graphic Organizers
• These are visual displays
that show relationships of
concepts or ideas. A
graphic organizer guides
the readers' thinking as it
builds a visual map of
information from the text.

9. There are
various types
of graphic
organizers:

10. 1. Flow Chart
• It is a graphical representation of a
flow or process. Each step in the
process is represented by a symbol
or shape and contains a short
description of the step.
• This type of graphic organizer is
common in experiment materials,
procedural write ups and story
summaries

12. 2. Venn Diagram
• It is used to identify the
similarities and differences of
two or more concepts. It is
represented by two
overlapping circles where
common factors are written
in the overlapping area and
differences are written in
separate areas.

14. 3. Concept Maps
• These show the central
thought and all other related
ideas or characteristics. This
kind of maps can also be
used to show or rank the
ideas as the most significant
concepts are placed at the
top.

16. 4. Pie Graph
• Pie graph is a circular
chart which is divided
into slices or portions to
illustrate proportions and
distribution of a
population. These are
common in interpreting
results of survey.

18. 5. Line and Bar Graphs
• These are common types
of graphic organizers
which display the
information as a series of
data points connected by
line or bar segments to
show or compare trends.

20. 6. Timeline
•It is a graphic
representation of the
passage of time. It is
commonly used in
historical texts to
indicate the
occurrences of various
events.