This document discusses the history and theory of active learning pedagogy and its implementation in Thai classrooms. It defines active learning as involving students in higher-order thinking tasks like processing, applying, and connecting information to motivate learning. Active learning techniques discussed include individual activities like concept maps and group work like think-pair-share. The document advocates designing cognitive routines and selecting active learning techniques to build lessons that develop students' thinking. It envisions future education relying more on virtual labs, universal libraries, and search engines for personalized learning paths.

1. Developing a Pedagogy for Active learning
PAL
“Expanding Visions in ELT”
Thammasat University - June 8, 2009
by
Willard Van De Bogart

2. Table of Contents
• Brief History of Active learning in
Thailand
• Brief History of Learning Theory
• Definitions of Active Learning
• Cognitivism and Active Learning
• Using Active learning in the
Classroom
• Designing a Pedagogy for
Active Learning
• What the future holds

3. National Education Act
An Education Reform Act for Future
Development of the Thai People 1999
Improve efficiency and
effectiveness in learning.
Encourage students to
become critical and develop
critical thinking skills.
Acquire facility with
information technologies.
Develop a “student-centered”
learning approach.
Make “online learning” the
technology of choice for the
Thai higher education
system.

4. • An on-line course on
"How to Help Thai Students
Develop Ideas and Express Op
inions"
• Search Strategies in the IT and
Internet Era
• Internet Based Learning with
ESL
• On-line active learning
strategies
Internet based course development 2003 – 2009
By Ajarn Willard Van De Bogart

5. Faculty of Humanities and Social sciences
Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University
2nd
Semester - Academic year 2550-1
• Course: Active Learning
• Subject: Advanced
Communicative English
• Program: Bachelor of
Education
• Teacher: Ajarn Willard Van De
Bogart

6. MONTANA-THAILAND ACTION LEARNING NETWORK
Nakhon SawanSuratthani
Suan Dusit Phranakhon

7. Showcase: Active Learning Classroom
1st International Conference on Active Learning &Teaching
To exhibit and demonstrate best practices and creative based learning and
teaching pedagogy.

8. Learning Theories

9. SCHEMATA:
knowledge structures
• SENSATION
• IMAGES
• SIGHTS, SOUNDS
• FEELINGS
• ACTIONS
• IDEAS
• Etc…
Jean Piaget (18961980)

10. KNOWLEDGE IS “CONSTRUCTED”
BY THE LEARNER
• Knowledge exists in the mind of the
learner.
• Every learner is different.
• Every learner’s mental schemes are
different.
• Knowledge cannot be transmitted as a
whole.
• Knowledge must be built up by the learner
on the basis of experience.

11. Maria MONTESSORI
Method of education is characterized by
emphasis in self directed activity.

12. CYLINDER BLOCKS – SERIATION
Childhood – Spacial Intelligence
Children direct their own learning

13. Howard Gardner

14. LEV VYGOTSKY
Russian
Psychologist
(1896-1934)

15. “Zone of Proximal Development”
“What the learner can do with a teacher’s
assistance but cannot do alone.”
• What does the Learner already know?
• Use assessment of find out.
• Growth occurs at the edge.
• What is the learner ready for next?

16. Michael Brody - Active Teaching, Learning and Assessment
Student centered
Raising student motivation
Organizing the classroom
Stimulating Thinking
Beyond facts and details

17. What is active learning?
There are 1,870,000 citations for active learning on Google

18. Definition of Active learning
• Active Learning refers to techniques
where students do more than simply listen
to a lecture. Students are doing something
including discovering, processing, and
applying information (McKinney 2007 ).
• Processing and Applying Information.

19. Definition of Active learning
• Active Learning attempts to model the methods
and mindsets which are at the heart of scientific
inquiry, and to provide opportunities for students
to connect abstract ideas to their real world
applications and acquire useful skills, and in so
doing gain knowledge that persists beyond the
course experience in which it was acquired
(Allen & Tanner 2003).
• Connect Abstract Ideas

20. Definition of Active learning
• Active Learning is comprised of a student
centered environment which raises
student’s motivational level to stimulate
thinking and go beyond facts and details
(Brody 2009).
• Stimulate Thinking.

21. Definition of Active learning
• Construct interesting “problem spaces”
that serve to really engage the learner’s
interest, and, hence, to motivate them in
ways that are authentic
(Carson 2009).
• Motivate the students.

22. Cognitivism and Active Learning
Active Learning Techniques in the Classroom
Terminology:
Cognitive Strategy
Cognitive Domains
Meta Cognition
Scaffolding
Pair Share
Cooperative
Collaborative
Active
Reflective

23. “COGNITIVE TOOLS
MEDIATE THOUGHT”
Perception organizes visual
data

24. Cognitive Domains
KNOWLEDGE TYPES
What the mind sees
• Our cultural systems are not made
of absolute truths.
• Our cultural systems are made from
different types of knowledge.
Empirical
Psychomotor
Conventional Affective
Rational Narrative
Conceptual Received
Cognitive Routines

25. 1st
Cognitive Strategy Activators
Oriented Strategies –
Attention is drawn to a
task
Elaboration – Expand
target information by
adding to it.
Transformation –
Convert information to be
more easily understood.
Mnemonics – Relate a
word or phrase to the
information

26. Meta Cognition

27. 2nd
Active Learning Techniques
Individuals:
Minute Papers
Writing Activities
Muddiest Point
Affective Response
Daily journal
Reading quiz
Concept Maps
Poster/Drawing/Display
Scaffolding

28. Active Learning Techniques
Individual: Scaffolding
Oriented Strategies –
Attention is drawn to a task
Elaboration – Expand taget
information by adding to it.
Transformation – Convert
information to be more
easily understood.
Mnemonics – Relate a word
or phrase to the information

29. Concept Maps – Mind Mapping

30. Concept mapping

31. Active Learning Techniques
Group:
Think-pair-share
Brainstorming
Games
Debates
Student do Teaching
Jig-saw
Demonstrations

32. Active Learning Technique
Group: Think Pair Share - OH Cards
He was ashamed talking about
his habit with people who were
joyful .
OH Cards

33. Before the Pedagogy
• Specific type of
social learning by a
specific type of
communication
Increase student participation
Increase student engagement
Increase student retention
More student ownership in course
Less lecturing by instructor
More exciting classroom
experience
Higher level thinking

34. Pedagogy for Active Learning
PAL
• Step one:
Design a cognitive routine
• Step two:
Select an active learning
technique
• Step three:
Build the lesson using
Cognitive Analogies
• Step four:
Design an evaluation and
testing format.

35. Developing Cognitive Routines
• Utilize a person’s
memory.
• Demand the use of
inductive reasoning.
• Require quickness of
response.
• Use mentally
stimulating suggestions.
• Puzzles of all kinds.
• Board games and card
games.
• Reading and writing.

36. The Future of Learning
• Universal Libraries
• Natural Language
Search engines
• Decision search
engine

37. Natural Language Search Engine
• Search engine
Strategies
• Ability to ask a
question:
• What is the
circumference of the
earth?

38. Natural Language Search Engine
• Unit conversions:
24 901.47 miles
4.007504x10^7 meters
21 638.79 nmi (nautical miles)
0.1336759 light seconds
• Corresponding quantity:
Light travel time t in vacuum
from t=x/c:n | 134 ms
(milliseconds)

39. • Choose
• Find
• Locate
• Refine
• Organize
• Think
• Repeat
• Write

40. Dedicated E-book Readers
• Dedicated readers – about
100,000
• Palm devices – 6,000,000
• PC’s – hundreds of millions
• “For people accustomed to
reading text on a computer
for hours at a time, e-book
screen clarity is a non-issue.”
• 20 hours of video are uploaded
every minute on
You tube.

41. Education – Global Search Engines
Real-time
Engineering
Science
Business
3 Ls of Learning
1. Face-to-Face Lectures
2. Virtual Labs
3. Universal Digital Library
Universities Colleges
Schools

42. Information Modeling
Adult – Spacial Inteligence
Relevance
Relationships
Connectivity
Mapping
Linking
Inference

43. 3-D Visualization of text
Adulthood– Spacial Inteligence
Extrapolate
Inference
Visualize text fields
Concept weighting

44. The Road Ahead
Scientific
Calculations
Data Analysis
Expert Systems
SuperHumans
Poor
Medium
Rich
Brilliant
Knowledge
Content
Emulating Human
Performance:
See, Hear, Talk, and “Think”
Evolution
Nanosystems