This document discusses AC line filtering and EMI suppression. It provides information on nominal mains voltages and tolerances, and how using passive electric components like capacitors and inductors can suppress high frequency noise. It describes the working principles of capacitors and chokes, and how filters combine these components. The document also gives an overview of Kemet's capacitor, choke, and filter solutions for EMI filtering, including product types, specifications, testing capabilities, and considerations for building vs. buying filters.

1. AC Line Filtering
Webinar 09.02.2018

2. BASICS

3. Mains Voltages plus 10% tolerance
Nominal Max Max Peak voltage
1 Phase-Phase 400V 440 622
1-Phase-Neutral 230V 255 361
3-Phase-Phase 690V 760 1075
3-Phase-Neutral 400V 440 622
400
230
690
400
L1
L2
L3
N

4. Before filtering
Frequency
RadiationNoisedB(μV/m)
Frequency
RadiationNoisedB(μV/m)
CISPR14
Class A Limit
CISPR14
Class B Limit
After filtering
EMI Filtering
Effect of Using EMI Suppression
Use passive electric components to suppress high frequency noise

5. Capacitor and Inductor

6. Working principle
• Capacitor short the noise/surges to ground
• Choke block noise with high Impedance
• Filter is a combination of both
• Choke doesn’t create a leakage current
( important for medical applications!)

7. AC-Line Filtering
1. Capacitor
1. Film
2. Ceramic
2. Choke
3. Filter

8. CAPACITOR

9. Capacitor
class
Up (kV)
X1 4
X2 2.5
X3 none
Y1 8
Y2 5
Y3 none
Y4 2.5
Impulse Voltage Test to be
Carried out before Endurance Test
Three complete pulses must be detected of min 3, max 24 pulses applied

10. Subclass
Peak impulse
voltage in
service
IEC 60664-1 installation
category
Application Peak impulse voltage
Up applied before
endurance test
X1 > 2,5 kV
 4,0 kV
III High pulse
application
When CR  1,0 mF
UP = 4 kV
X2  2,5 kV II General purpose When CR  1,0 mF
UP = 2,5 kV
X3  1,2 kV - General purpose None
NOTE The factor used for the reduction of UP for capacitance values above 1,0 mF maintains ½  CRUP
2
constant for these capacitance values; CR is in mF.
X Capacitors acc. to
EN/IEC 60384-14 (2004)
Table 1a - Classification of class X capacitors
When CR > 1,0 mF
UP =
When CR > 1,0 mF
UP =

11. Capacitor
class
Ui (kV)
Y2 5
X1 4
X2, Y3, Y4 2.5
X3 1.2
Y1 not tested
Active Flammability
20 discharges with 5 s intervals are applied on the capacitor,
which is at the same time connected to the mains

12. Endurance Test
Capacitors tested 1000h at upper category temperature with
ac voltage on ( pulse shown applied once/hour)

13. X&Y Cap Overview

14. Product Overview

15. Comparison Film versus ceramic
Capacitance 10uF 5,6nF
Dielectric Polypropylen, Paper C0G, SL, Y5V
DWV 2600VACrms

16. CHOKES

17. AC- Coils

18. Differential Mode vs. Common Mode

19. Impedance comparison
• SSR21 series

20. Improved Material
SCRL series SSRL series SCR series SSR series Large SCR series
Low
profile
Small
size
Low
Loss
Product Design
progress of miniaturization
• Smaller core / less material
• Less turns of winding
• Thinner wire with same
RDC
• Smaller size / less weight
• Better performance
Why ? Material development

21. FILTER

22. EMC Filters Road Map
New SINGLE PHASE filter series (chassis mount)
Medical versions without Y-caps available
Std attenuation performance. Typical
application: Consumer goods, household
appliances, office automation equipment
Std / medium attenuation performance. Typical
application: Consumer goods, household
appliances, office automation equipment
Multi-stage performance EMC-filter. Typical
application: Industry automation, machinery,
medical equipment
Multi-stage high performance EMC-filter. Typical
applications: Industry automation, machinery,
medical equipment
Multi-stage very high performance EMC-filter.
Typical applications: Industry automation,
machinery, medical equipment

23. DC Filter for Automotive Application
• EMC noise generated in high power frequency converters
• protect the batteries
• reduce the EMC problems,
• cost. optimized solution for performance
Specifications
Rated Voltage 500 - 1000 VDC
Rated Current 60 - 600 ADC
High insertion loss
symmetric and asymmetric modes from 10kHz to 300MHz
Temperature range -40°C .. +110°C
Dimensional example 146 x 88 x 64 mm
Customized solutions on request

24. Laser Cutting
High speed compressor
600A bus
bar filter

25. EMC Filters Road Map
SINUSOIDAL filters for motor drive output
• KEMET sinusoidal filters are differential (symmetric) mode
sine wave filter types

26. KEMET EMC Testing Services
Accredited EMC Test lab in Färjestaden, Sweden
• Accreditation for common
EN standards.
• Semi-anechoic test chamber
– 10 x 5 x 5 m
• Open Area Test Site
– 18 x 10 x 5 m
• Capabilities for Emission and Immunity
measurements
EMC
problem
Testing Solution

27. Build or Buy Filter ?
• Power (PCB or discrete)
• Development time
• Manufacturing capability
• Quantity
• Test/Measurement equipment

28. Wrap Up
• EMI Filtering in mains power supply
• Kemet Solutions:
– X Capacitors, Y Capacitors - Film, Paper, Ceramic
– Common Mode Chokes
– Filter Modules

29. Thank You
• Alexander Nebel Dipl.-Ing. (FH)
• Field Application Engineer
• (+49) 162 - 13 54 276
• alexandernebel@kemet.com